{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2789529217","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcmc/zmx002","title":"Explaining the Emergence of Political Fragmentation on Social Media: The Role of Ideology and Extremism","display_name":"Explaining the Emergence of Political Fragmentation on Social Media: The Role of Ideology and Extremism","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2789529217","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcmc/zmx002","mag":"2789529217"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/jcmc/zmx002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcmc/zmx002","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jcmc/article-pdf/23/1/17/23822774/zmx002.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30594836","display_name":"Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication","issn_l":"1083-6101","issn":["1083-6101"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jcmc/article-pdf/23/1/17/23822774/zmx002.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091767278","display_name":"Jonathan Bright","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1248-9275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Bright","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091767278"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":28.1885,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":167,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9965978,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"1","first_page":"17","last_page":"33"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ideology","display_name":"Ideology","score":0.9358893632888794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viewpoints","display_name":"Viewpoints","score":0.7943623661994934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fragmentation","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","score":0.6682353019714355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.6379348039627075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.5133694410324097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-economy","display_name":"Political economy","score":0.4746687412261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.42359888553619385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.40611881017684937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.39807939529418945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.18736866116523743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.16875353455543518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.0787959098815918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.9358893632888794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7928819","display_name":"Viewpoints","level":2,"score":0.7943623661994934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191015642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132459","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6682353019714355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.6379348039627075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.5133694410324097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.4746687412261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.42359888553619385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.40611881017684937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.39807939529418945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.18736866116523743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.16875353455543518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0787959098815918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/jcmc/zmx002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcmc/zmx002","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jcmc/article-pdf/23/1/17/23822774/zmx002.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30594836","display_name":"Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication","issn_l":"1083-6101","issn":["1083-6101"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ora.ox.ac.uk:uuid:6f8798dc-f0c2-48eb-b59b-71bd6ec6d386","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6f8798dc-f0c2-48eb-b59b-71bd6ec6d386","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402636","display_name":"Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/jcmc/zmx002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcmc/zmx002","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jcmc/article-pdf/23/1/17/23822774/zmx002.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30594836","display_name":"Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication","issn_l":"1083-6101","issn":["1083-6101"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5888610940","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"312827","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333065","funder_display_name":"Seventh Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333065","display_name":"Seventh Framework Programme","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W638485076","https://openalex.org/W1503976143","https://openalex.org/W1516304126","https://openalex.org/W1585193013","https://openalex.org/W1586664008","https://openalex.org/W1653915406","https://openalex.org/W1686065478","https://openalex.org/W1908686216","https://openalex.org/W1994020563","https://openalex.org/W2008011369","https://openalex.org/W2009666521","https://openalex.org/W2019655958","https://openalex.org/W2020040181","https://openalex.org/W2021715735","https://openalex.org/W2032300664","https://openalex.org/W2059837179","https://openalex.org/W2063288519","https://openalex.org/W2070397226","https://openalex.org/W2075154264","https://openalex.org/W2088684573","https://openalex.org/W2099668057","https://openalex.org/W2106998516","https://openalex.org/W2107214803","https://openalex.org/W2108167139","https://openalex.org/W2121451734","https://openalex.org/W2121993559","https://openalex.org/W2124467293","https://openalex.org/W2125872586","https://openalex.org/W2126643508","https://openalex.org/W2130354913","https://openalex.org/W2136217167","https://openalex.org/W2137809006","https://openalex.org/W2148903418","https://openalex.org/W2152199665","https://openalex.org/W2157312635","https://openalex.org/W2161834943","https://openalex.org/W2309971343","https://openalex.org/W2324622157","https://openalex.org/W2413123608","https://openalex.org/W2897838581","https://openalex.org/W3099737066","https://openalex.org/W3125532029","https://openalex.org/W3125633476","https://openalex.org/W3125714960","https://openalex.org/W6636946498","https://openalex.org/W6676222087","https://openalex.org/W6785059319"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2385368906","https://openalex.org/W2902924992","https://openalex.org/W2626642044","https://openalex.org/W93537448","https://openalex.org/W2619807045","https://openalex.org/W2388758053","https://openalex.org/W2949734191","https://openalex.org/W2017333877","https://openalex.org/W2048332520"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"is":[2,110],"a":[3,19],"systematic":[4],"large-scale":[5],"study":[6],"of":[7,18,22,27,55,66,77,99],"the":[8,23,53,56,78,93,100],"reasons":[9],"driving":[10],"political":[11,29],"fragmentation":[12],"on":[13,74],"social":[14],"media.":[15],"Making":[16],"use":[17],"comparative":[20],"dataset":[21],"Twitter":[24],"discussion":[25],"activities":[26],"115":[28],"groups":[30,37,49],"in":[31,42],"26":[32],"countries,":[33],"it":[34],"shows":[35],"that":[36,38,48,50],"are":[39,59,81,91],"further":[40],"apart":[41],"ideological":[43,57,95,107],"terms":[44],"interact":[45],"less,":[46],"and":[47,88],"sit":[51,73],"at":[52],"extremes":[54],"scale":[58],"particularly":[60],"likely":[61,83],"to":[62,105],"have":[63],"lower":[64],"patterns":[65],"interaction.":[67],"Indeed,":[68],"exchanges":[69],"between":[70,86],"centrists":[71,87],"who":[72,90],"different":[75,106],"sides":[76],"left\u2013right":[79],"divide":[80],"more":[82],"than":[84],"connections":[85],"extremists":[89],"from":[92],"same":[94],"wing.":[96],"In":[97],"light":[98],"results,":[101],"theory":[102],"about":[103],"exposure":[104],"viewpoints":[108],"online":[109],"enhanced.":[111]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-08T07:41:36.138363","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
