{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385341405","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcde/qwad079","title":"Metaheuristic algorithms for a sustainable saffron supply chain network considering government policies and product quality under uncertainty","display_name":"Metaheuristic algorithms for a sustainable saffron supply chain network considering government policies and product quality under uncertainty","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385341405","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcde/qwad079"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/jcde/qwad079","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcde/qwad079","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jcde/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/jcde/qwad079/50997302/qwad079.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485147958","display_name":"Journal of Computational Design and Engineering","issn_l":"2288-4300","issn":["2288-4300","2288-5048"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computational Design and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jcde/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/jcde/qwad079/50997302/qwad079.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043009097","display_name":"Fatemeh Sogandi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9879-5053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133510","display_name":"University of Torbat Heydarieh","ror":"https://ror.org/03ncps145","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133510"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fatemeh Sogandi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Torbat Heydarieh , Torbat Heydarieh 9516168595 , Iran","Saffron Institute, University of Torbat Heydarieh , Torbat Heydarieh 9516168595 , Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Torbat Heydarieh , Torbat Heydarieh 9516168595 , Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133510"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Saffron Institute, University of Torbat Heydarieh , Torbat Heydarieh 9516168595 , Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133510"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070804516","display_name":"Mahdyeh Shiri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2246-2367"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67080706","display_name":"Alzahra University","ror":"https://ror.org/013cdqc34","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67080706"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahdyeh Shiri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Postdoctoral Research Fellow in Department of Industrial Engineering, Alzahra University , Tehran 1993893973 , Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Postdoctoral Research Fellow in Department of Industrial Engineering, Alzahra University , Tehran 1993893973 , Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67080706"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043009097"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133510"],"apc_list":{"value":1650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1650},"apc_paid":{"value":1650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1650},"fwci":2.6526,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90849643,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"5","first_page":"1892","last_page":"1929"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12758","display_name":"Saffron Plant Research Studies","score":0.9537000060081482,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12758","display_name":"Saffron Plant Research Studies","score":0.9537000060081482,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supply-chain","display_name":"Supply chain","score":0.6731991767883301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supply-chain-network","display_name":"Supply chain network","score":0.6421686410903931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5757706165313721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulated-annealing","display_name":"Simulated annealing","score":0.5390585660934448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sorting","display_name":"Sorting","score":0.5183942914009094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.46152204275131226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4587121605873108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.4383416175842285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.42833030223846436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaheuristic","display_name":"Metaheuristic","score":0.42542946338653564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-paradigm","display_name":"Programming paradigm","score":0.41487130522727966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.38971734046936035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supply-chain-management","display_name":"Supply chain management","score":0.35868120193481445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2319377064704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17482289671897888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.17100003361701965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.16375836730003357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.15983855724334717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14524412155151367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.11266249418258667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108713360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1824206","display_name":"Supply chain","level":2,"score":0.6731991767883301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778397037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17083947","display_name":"Supply chain network","level":4,"score":0.6421686410903931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5757706165313721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126980161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863783","display_name":"Simulated annealing","level":2,"score":0.5390585660934448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111696304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303697","display_name":"Sorting","level":2,"score":0.5183942914009094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.46152204275131226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4587121605873108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4383416175842285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.42833030223846436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109718341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385229","display_name":"Metaheuristic","level":2,"score":0.42542946338653564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34165917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188267","display_name":"Programming paradigm","level":2,"score":0.41487130522727966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.38971734046936035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44104985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492886","display_name":"Supply chain management","level":3,"score":0.35868120193481445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2319377064704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17482289671897888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.17100003361701965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.16375836730003357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.15983855724334717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14524412155151367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.11266249418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/jcde/qwad079","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcde/qwad079","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jcde/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/jcde/qwad079/50997302/qwad079.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485147958","display_name":"Journal of Computational Design and Engineering","issn_l":"2288-4300","issn":["2288-4300","2288-5048"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computational Design and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/jcde/qwad079","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcde/qwad079","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jcde/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/jcde/qwad079/50997302/qwad079.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485147958","display_name":"Journal of Computational Design and Engineering","issn_l":"2288-4300","issn":["2288-4300","2288-5048"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computational Design and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385341405.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W61830310","https://openalex.org/W1974379101","https://openalex.org/W1980567124","https://openalex.org/W1990255647","https://openalex.org/W1995237605","https://openalex.org/W2011140241","https://openalex.org/W2024060531","https://openalex.org/W2025982778","https://openalex.org/W2028667197","https://openalex.org/W2048984485","https://openalex.org/W2050747783","https://openalex.org/W2060487580","https://openalex.org/W2068253265","https://openalex.org/W2090310358","https://openalex.org/W2126105956","https://openalex.org/W2156119736","https://openalex.org/W2188338416","https://openalex.org/W2281143211","https://openalex.org/W2315497633","https://openalex.org/W2518211129","https://openalex.org/W2736852533","https://openalex.org/W2757845584","https://openalex.org/W2799753390","https://openalex.org/W2906021847","https://openalex.org/W2985410981","https://openalex.org/W3007427018","https://openalex.org/W3015497865","https://openalex.org/W3089035854","https://openalex.org/W3094490444","https://openalex.org/W3112187590","https://openalex.org/W3112552858","https://openalex.org/W3116418724","https://openalex.org/W3131221892","https://openalex.org/W3141564134","https://openalex.org/W3142592920","https://openalex.org/W3164859161","https://openalex.org/W3177294575","https://openalex.org/W3199092140","https://openalex.org/W3201866429","https://openalex.org/W3209867367","https://openalex.org/W3215225314","https://openalex.org/W3216696011","https://openalex.org/W4221061063","https://openalex.org/W4224298152","https://openalex.org/W4224305133","https://openalex.org/W4225124387","https://openalex.org/W4280532522","https://openalex.org/W4281861436","https://openalex.org/W4286250308","https://openalex.org/W4294717996","https://openalex.org/W4296151389","https://openalex.org/W4297496759","https://openalex.org/W4307956789","https://openalex.org/W4312191703","https://openalex.org/W4362601077","https://openalex.org/W4380716478","https://openalex.org/W4380758510","https://openalex.org/W4381793904","https://openalex.org/W6797464986","https://openalex.org/W6810426839","https://openalex.org/W6838985456","https://openalex.org/W6842931768","https://openalex.org/W6846726243"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2789681586","https://openalex.org/W2794361564","https://openalex.org/W4243392960","https://openalex.org/W3156820950","https://openalex.org/W4232791346","https://openalex.org/W1939200287","https://openalex.org/W2082305040","https://openalex.org/W4381955380","https://openalex.org/W1980833393","https://openalex.org/W1967228184"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Iranian":[1],"saffron":[2,25,53,89],"products":[3],"hold":[4],"a":[5,32,82,88,173],"unique":[6],"place":[7],"in":[8,57,114,179,193,260],"the":[9,13,38,43,52,101,105,118,129,158,162,167,187,190,216,234,237,240,244,248,258],"global":[10],"market":[11],"as":[12,151],"most":[14],"highly":[15],"valued":[16],"agricultural":[17],"and":[18,64,111,116,154,164,170,200,229,251,280],"medicinal":[19],"commodities.":[20],"The":[21,95,122,226,263],"various":[22],"uses":[23],"of":[24,45,104,120,166,186,189,239,256],"make":[26],"it":[27],"clear":[28],"that":[29,219,247],"there":[30],"is":[31,70,126,143],"need":[33],"for":[34,75,86],"special":[35],"attention":[36],"to":[37,61,99,133,145,211,276],"supply":[39,48,62,90,106],"chain":[40,49,91],"network.":[41],"Unfortunately,":[42],"absence":[44],"an":[46],"integrated":[47],"network":[50,92],"within":[51,157],"industry":[54],"has":[55],"resulted":[56],"significant":[58],"challenges":[59],"related":[60],"management":[63],"demand":[65],"fulfillment.":[66],"Addressing":[67],"real-world":[68],"uncertainties":[69],"paramount":[71],"when":[72],"developing":[73],"models":[74],"optimization":[76,84],"problems.":[77],"Therefore,":[78],"this":[79,268],"research":[80],"proposes":[81],"multi-objective":[83,201],"model":[85,96,125,169,192,269],"designing":[87],"under":[93],"uncertainty.":[94],"objectives":[97],"are":[98,205,209,254],"decrease":[100],"total":[102],"cost":[103],"chain,":[107],"increase":[108],"job":[109],"opportunities":[110],"economic":[112],"development":[113],"regions,":[115],"improve":[117],"quality":[119],"products.":[121],"proposed":[123,168,191,241],"mathematical":[124],"solved":[127],"using":[128],"interactive":[130],"fuzzy":[131],"method":[132,250],"deal":[134],"with":[135],"multiple":[136],"functions.":[137],"Furthermore,":[138],"possibilistic":[139],"chance":[140],"constrained":[141],"programming":[142],"employed":[144],"effectively":[146],"manage":[147],"uncertain":[148],"variables":[149],"such":[150],"demand,":[152],"cost,":[153],"social":[155],"parameters":[156,208],"model.":[159,242],"To":[160],"demonstrate":[161,246],"applicability":[163],"validity":[165],"solution":[171],"method,":[172],"real":[174],"case":[175],"study":[176],"was":[177],"conducted":[178],"Khorasan":[180],"Razavi":[181],"province,":[182],"Iran.":[183],"Additionally,":[184],"because":[185],"complexity":[188],"large-scale":[194],"networks,":[195],"non-dominated":[196],"sorting":[197],"genetic":[198],"algorithm-II":[199],"simulated":[202],"annealing":[203],"algorithms":[204,253],"proposed.":[206],"Different":[207],"analyzed":[210],"determine":[212],"their":[213,278],"impact":[214],"on":[215,233],"results":[217,235,245,265],"so":[218],"decision-makers":[220,275],"can":[221],"choose":[222],"values":[223],"more":[224,282],"accurately.":[225],"sensitivity":[227],"analysis":[228],"statistical":[230],"tests":[231],"performed":[232],"support":[236],"performance":[238],"Overall,":[243],"exact":[249],"metaheuristic":[252],"capable":[255],"solving":[257],"problem":[259],"different":[261],"dimensions.":[262],"computational":[264],"derived":[266],"from":[267],"offer":[270],"invaluable":[271],"managerial":[272],"insights,":[273],"empowering":[274],"align":[277],"strategies":[279],"preferences":[281],"effectively.":[283]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}