{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3195702406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcde/qwab044","title":"Neural network-based build time estimation for additive manufacturing: a performance comparison","display_name":"Neural network-based build time estimation for additive manufacturing: a performance comparison","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3195702406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcde/qwab044","mag":"3195702406"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/jcde/qwab044","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcde/qwab044","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jcde/article-pdf/8/5/1243/39956410/qwab044.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485147958","display_name":"Journal of Computational Design and Engineering","issn_l":"2288-4300","issn":["2288-4300","2288-5048"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computational Design and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jcde/article-pdf/8/5/1243/39956410/qwab044.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006803587","display_name":"Yosep Oh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1916-2539"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28615091","display_name":"Kyonggi University","ror":"https://ror.org/032xf8h46","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28615091"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yosep Oh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial and Management Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16227, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial and Management Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16227, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28615091"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102996199","display_name":"Michael Sharp","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Sharp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061652933","display_name":"Timothy Sprock","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7276-7636"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Timothy Sprock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7276-7636","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069196335","display_name":"Soonjo Kwon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1578-9262"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113409471","display_name":"Kumoh National Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dkjfz60","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113409471"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Soonjo Kwon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39177, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1578-9262","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39177, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113409471"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061652933","https://openalex.org/A5069196335"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113409471","https://openalex.org/I1321296531"],"apc_list":{"value":1650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1650},"apc_paid":{"value":1650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1650},"fwci":1.6738,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8334752,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"5","first_page":"1243","last_page":"1256"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10783","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10783","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10705","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6645145416259766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6096224188804626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slicing","display_name":"Slicing","score":0.5801631808280945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5699765682220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5635926127433777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voxel","display_name":"Voxel","score":0.5621433854103088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5125505924224854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.47491487860679626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.43241164088249207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4317554533481598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.42420464754104614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.35384783148765564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22377821803092957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09143644571304321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.08853650093078613}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6645145416259766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6096224188804626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776190703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q488148","display_name":"Slicing","level":2,"score":0.5801631808280945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5699765682220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5635926127433777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54170458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663554","display_name":"Voxel","level":2,"score":0.5621433854103088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5125505924224854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47491487860679626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.43241164088249207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4317554533481598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.42420464754104614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.35384783148765564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22377821803092957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09143644571304321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.08853650093078613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/jcde/qwab044","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcde/qwab044","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jcde/article-pdf/8/5/1243/39956410/qwab044.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485147958","display_name":"Journal of Computational Design and Engineering","issn_l":"2288-4300","issn":["2288-4300","2288-5048"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computational Design and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/jcde/qwab044","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jcde/qwab044","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jcde/article-pdf/8/5/1243/39956410/qwab044.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485147958","display_name":"Journal of Computational Design and Engineering","issn_l":"2288-4300","issn":["2288-4300","2288-5048"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computational Design and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5400000214576721}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1273993422","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021R1G1A1012481","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G484525841","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GRRC KGU 2020-B01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327848","funder_display_name":"Gyeonggi-do Regional Research Center"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6533325069","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021R1G1A1012481","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321142","display_name":"Hanyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/046865y68"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321282","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327848","display_name":"Gyeonggi-do Regional Research Center","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332178","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3195702406.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3195702406.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W606319491","https://openalex.org/W1985174274","https://openalex.org/W2053228455","https://openalex.org/W2058785088","https://openalex.org/W2071701412","https://openalex.org/W2073982457","https://openalex.org/W2091516609","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2099446180","https://openalex.org/W2108724636","https://openalex.org/W2514112036","https://openalex.org/W2576915720","https://openalex.org/W2752128027","https://openalex.org/W2752719613","https://openalex.org/W2753363948","https://openalex.org/W2793329296","https://openalex.org/W2797161036","https://openalex.org/W2888499542","https://openalex.org/W2895046268","https://openalex.org/W2896556344","https://openalex.org/W2902060860","https://openalex.org/W2910722211","https://openalex.org/W2914148583","https://openalex.org/W2914444914","https://openalex.org/W2914830398","https://openalex.org/W2915627018","https://openalex.org/W2935339072","https://openalex.org/W2942426505","https://openalex.org/W2942896733","https://openalex.org/W2944246580","https://openalex.org/W2946987235","https://openalex.org/W2957350396","https://openalex.org/W2966005396","https://openalex.org/W2990644697","https://openalex.org/W2998847955","https://openalex.org/W3003826028","https://openalex.org/W3015949216","https://openalex.org/W3019982385","https://openalex.org/W3023192521","https://openalex.org/W3027429685","https://openalex.org/W3096122468","https://openalex.org/W3099015208","https://openalex.org/W3112128874","https://openalex.org/W3118283476","https://openalex.org/W3127603380","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6674330103","https://openalex.org/W6731845922","https://openalex.org/W6785255028"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2393746923","https://openalex.org/W2972496411","https://openalex.org/W3033662781","https://openalex.org/W4239223006","https://openalex.org/W2360869927","https://openalex.org/W2137530048","https://openalex.org/W2050876785","https://openalex.org/W2074642116","https://openalex.org/W3164401656","https://openalex.org/W2784358835"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Additive":[1],"manufacturing":[2,27],"(AM)":[3],"has":[4,91],"brought":[5],"positive":[6],"opportunities":[7],"with":[8,189,193,198],"phenomenal":[9],"changes":[10],"to":[11],"traditional":[12,76],"manufacturing.":[13],"Consistent":[14],"efforts":[15],"and":[16,28,58,80,124,151,154,179,195,246,254],"novel":[17],"studies":[18,62],"into":[19],"AM":[20,42],"use":[21],"have":[22,63,85],"resolved":[23],"critical":[24,39],"issues":[25,40],"in":[26,41,169],"broadened":[29],"technical":[30],"boundaries.":[31],"Build":[32],"time":[33,49,72,100,122,213,226,284],"estimation":[34,50,101,123,268,290],"is":[35,51,110,227,269,291],"one":[36],"of":[37,67,106,129,158,176,257,282,298],"the":[38,65,95,103,136,156,163,167,174,252,266,276,280,288,296],"that":[43,265],"still":[44],"needs":[45],"attention.":[46],"Accurate":[47],"build":[48,71,99,121,212,221,225,255,283],"key":[52],"for":[53,98,120,135,206,239],"feasibility":[54],"studies,":[55],"preliminary":[56],"design,":[57],"process/production":[59],"planning.":[60],"Recent":[61],"provided":[64],"possibility":[66],"neural":[68],"network":[69],"(NN)-based":[70],"estimation.":[73,285],"In":[74,260,286],"particular,":[75,287],"artificial":[77],"NN":[78,82,177],"(ANN)-":[79],"convolutional":[81],"(CNN)-based":[83],"methods":[84],"been":[86,92],"demonstrated.":[87],"However,":[88],"very":[89],"little":[90],"done":[93],"on":[94,230],"performance":[96,281],"comparison":[97],"among":[102],"different":[104],"types":[105,128,178],"NNs.":[107],"This":[108],"study":[109],"aimed":[111],"at":[112],"filling":[113],"this":[114],"gap":[115],"by":[116,138,166,250,294],"designing":[117],"various":[118,237],"NNs":[119,137],"comparing":[125],"them.":[126],"Two":[127],"features":[130,145],"are":[131,248],"prepared":[132],"as":[133],"inputs":[134],"processing":[139],"three-dimensional":[140],"(3D)":[141],"models:":[142],"(1)":[143,187],"representative":[144],"(RFs)":[146],"including":[147],"dimensions,":[148],"part":[149],"volume,":[150],"support":[152],"volume;":[153],"(2)":[155,191],"set":[157],"voxels":[159],"generated":[160],"from":[161,214],"designating":[162],"cells":[164],"occupied":[165],"workpiece":[168],"a":[170,231],"mesh":[171],"grid.":[172],"With":[173],"combination":[175],"input":[180,240],"feature":[181],"types,":[182],"we":[183,209,263],"design":[184,243,277],"three":[185],"NNs:":[186],"ANN":[188,192],"RFs;":[190],"voxels;":[194],"(3)":[196],"CNN":[197],"voxels.":[199],"To":[200,235],"obtain":[201],"large":[202],"enough":[203],"label":[204],"data":[205],"reliable":[207],"training,":[208],"consider":[210],"simulation":[211,224],"commercial":[215],"slicing":[216],"applications":[217],"rather":[218],"than":[219,273],"actual":[220],"time.":[222],"The":[223],"calculated":[228],"based":[229],"material":[232],"extrusion":[233],"process.":[234],"address":[236],"cases":[238],"models,":[241],"two":[242],"factors":[244,278],"(scale":[245],"rotation)":[247],"considered":[249],"controlling":[251],"size":[253,297],"orientation":[256],"3D":[258,299],"models.":[259,300],"computational":[261],"experiments,":[262],"reveal":[264],"CNN-based":[267,289],"often":[270],"more":[271],"accurate":[272],"others.":[274],"Furthermore,":[275],"affect":[279],"strongly":[292],"influenced":[293],"changing":[295]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}