{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404166488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocae269","title":"Linking national primary care electronic health records to individual records from the U.S. Census Bureau\u2019s American Community Survey: evaluating the likelihood of linkage based on patient health","display_name":"Linking national primary care electronic health records to individual records from the U.S. Census Bureau\u2019s American Community Survey: evaluating the likelihood of linkage based on patient health","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404166488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocae269","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39514649"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/jamia/ocae269","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocae269","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11648727/pdf/ocae269.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088984820","display_name":"Aubrey Limburg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0437-913X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333512998","display_name":"United States Census Bureau","ror":"https://ror.org/01qn7cs15","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333512998","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aubrey Limburg","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Census Bureau , Suitland, MD 20746,","U.S. Census Bureau, Suitland, MD 20746, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0437-913X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Census Bureau , Suitland, MD 20746,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333512998"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Census Bureau, Suitland, MD 20746, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333512998"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026622907","display_name":"Nicole Gladish","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6039-7001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1743320","display_name":"Palo Alto University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f812k67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1743320"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105015","display_name":"Stanford Health Care","ror":"https://ror.org/019wqcg20","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105015"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicole Gladish","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University , Palo Alto, CA 94305,","Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6039-7001","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University , Palo Alto, CA 94305,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105015","https://openalex.org/I1743320","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081540617","display_name":"David H. Rehkopf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7597-6513"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1743320","display_name":"Palo Alto University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f812k67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1743320"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204866599","display_name":"VA Palo Alto Health Care System","ror":"https://ror.org/00nr17z89","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I204866599","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210125474"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105015","display_name":"Stanford Health Care","ror":"https://ror.org/019wqcg20","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105015"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David H Rehkopf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University , Palo Alto, CA 94305,","Department of Health Policy, Stanford University , Palo Alto, CA 94305,","Department of Medicine, Stanford University , Palo Alto, CA 94305,","Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University , Palo Alto, CA 94305,","Department of Sociology, Stanford University , Palo Alto, CA 94305,","Department of Health Policy, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, United States","Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, United States","Department of Sociology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, United States","Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, United States","Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7597-6513","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University , Palo Alto, CA 94305,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105015","https://openalex.org/I1743320","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Policy, Stanford University , Palo Alto, CA 94305,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1743320","https://openalex.org/I204866599","https://openalex.org/I4210105015"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Stanford University , Palo Alto, CA 94305,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1743320"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University , Palo Alto, CA 94305,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1743320"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sociology, Stanford University , Palo Alto, CA 94305,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1743320"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Policy, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1743320","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1743320","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sociology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1743320","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061284854","display_name":"Robert L. Phillips","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7882-1560"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120908166","display_name":"American Academy of Family Physicians","ror":"https://ror.org/02khtdb43","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120908166"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1296325673","display_name":"American Board of Internal Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00jtgnb29","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1296325673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203114411","display_name":"American Board of Emergency Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02xh63p53","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203114411"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert L Phillips","raw_affiliation_strings":["American Board of Family Medicine , Lexington, KY 40511,","American Board of Family Medicine, Lexington, KY 40511, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7882-1560","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"American Board of Family Medicine , Lexington, KY 40511,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203114411","https://openalex.org/I1296325673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"American Board of Family Medicine, Lexington, KY 40511, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120908166"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064349594","display_name":"Victoria Udalova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2239-1439"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333512998","display_name":"United States Census Bureau","ror":"https://ror.org/01qn7cs15","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333512998","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Victoria Udalova","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Census Bureau , Suitland, MD 20746,","U.S. Census Bureau, Suitland, MD 20746, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2239-1439","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Census Bureau , Suitland, MD 20746,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333512998"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Census Bureau, Suitland, MD 20746, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333512998"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064349594"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333512998"],"apc_list":{"value":3967,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3967},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9634,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89828047,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"1","first_page":"97","last_page":"104"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.2393999993801117,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.2393999993801117,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11719","display_name":"Data Quality and Management","score":0.17659999430179596,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12246","display_name":"Chronic Disease Management Strategies","score":0.10700000077486038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/census","display_name":"Census","score":0.8981045484542847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-community-survey","display_name":"American Community Survey","score":0.7771621346473694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-records","display_name":"Health records","score":0.6822206974029541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linkage","display_name":"Linkage (software)","score":0.5979408025741577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/record-linkage","display_name":"Record linkage","score":0.5392699241638184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-care","display_name":"Primary care","score":0.5302129983901978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-health","display_name":"Community health","score":0.447553426027298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-record","display_name":"Medical record","score":0.4359200596809387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.4033864438533783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.3943483233451843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-medicine","display_name":"Family medicine","score":0.36623597145080566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gerontology","display_name":"Gerontology","score":0.35771846771240234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.35609757900238037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health","display_name":"Public health","score":0.30639952421188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-health","display_name":"Environmental health","score":0.2825651168823242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.21801653504371643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nursing","display_name":"Nursing","score":0.15680760145187378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.08477917313575745}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52130261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39825","display_name":"Census","level":3,"score":0.8981045484542847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15672241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463769","display_name":"American Community Survey","level":4,"score":0.7771621346473694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019952477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Health records","level":3,"score":0.6822206974029541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31266012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6554340","display_name":"Linkage (software)","level":3,"score":0.5979408025741577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142210648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1266546","display_name":"Record linkage","level":3,"score":0.5392699241638184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984752397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3259956","display_name":"Primary care","level":2,"score":0.5302129983901978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775951005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3473024","display_name":"Community health","level":3,"score":0.447553426027298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195910791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Medical record","level":2,"score":0.4359200596809387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4033864438533783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.3943483233451843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.36623597145080566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.35771846771240234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.35609757900238037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.30639952421188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.2825651168823242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.21801653504371643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.15680760145187378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.08477917313575745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006973","descriptor_name":"Hypertension","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006973","descriptor_name":"Hypertension","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006973","descriptor_name":"Hypertension","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006973","descriptor_name":"Hypertension","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006973","descriptor_name":"Hypertension","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008498","descriptor_name":"Medical Record Linkage","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008498","descriptor_name":"Medical Record Linkage","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008498","descriptor_name":"Medical Record Linkage","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008498","descriptor_name":"Medical Record Linkage","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008498","descriptor_name":"Medical Record Linkage","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011320","descriptor_name":"Primary Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011320","descriptor_name":"Primary Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011320","descriptor_name":"Primary Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011320","descriptor_name":"Primary Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011320","descriptor_name":"Primary Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019352","descriptor_name":"Censuses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019352","descriptor_name":"Censuses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019352","descriptor_name":"Censuses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019352","descriptor_name":"Censuses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019352","descriptor_name":"Censuses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051436","descriptor_name":"Renal Insufficiency, Chronic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051436","descriptor_name":"Renal Insufficiency, Chronic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051436","descriptor_name":"Renal Insufficiency, Chronic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051436","descriptor_name":"Renal Insufficiency, Chronic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051436","descriptor_name":"Renal Insufficiency, Chronic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/jamia/ocae269","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocae269","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39514649","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39514649","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11648727","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11648727","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11648727/pdf/ocae269.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Am Med Inform Assoc","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11648727","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11648727","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11648727/pdf/ocae269.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Am Med Inform Assoc","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306139","display_name":"Robert Wood Johnson Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymmdj85"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404166488.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1517610618","https://openalex.org/W2140302476","https://openalex.org/W2150290401","https://openalex.org/W2313406286","https://openalex.org/W2554346083","https://openalex.org/W2608822033","https://openalex.org/W2619166858","https://openalex.org/W2775078427","https://openalex.org/W3005957464","https://openalex.org/W3104193169","https://openalex.org/W3123816425","https://openalex.org/W3126654901","https://openalex.org/W3145250963","https://openalex.org/W3157032553","https://openalex.org/W3185161609","https://openalex.org/W4224229824","https://openalex.org/W4244906311","https://openalex.org/W4255115619","https://openalex.org/W4285551000","https://openalex.org/W4361836931","https://openalex.org/W4385622013","https://openalex.org/W4386939699","https://openalex.org/W4402902143"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2487032012","https://openalex.org/W2211355040","https://openalex.org/W2808916796","https://openalex.org/W2176311362","https://openalex.org/W3012491082","https://openalex.org/W3211905090","https://openalex.org/W1936317645","https://openalex.org/W4310568775","https://openalex.org/W2178148352","https://openalex.org/W4404166488"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVES:":[0],"To":[1],"evaluate":[2,80],"the":[3,40,58,72,117,156,210,219,229,246,250],"likelihood":[4],"of":[5,43,91,119,158,216,221,248,252],"linking":[6],"electronic":[7],"health":[8,22,28,86,241],"records":[9,29,63],"(EHRs)":[10],"to":[11,67,79,147,160,196],"restricted":[12,68],"individual-level":[13,69],"American":[14,41],"Community":[15],"Survey":[16],"(ACS)":[17],"data":[18,47,70,223,254],"based":[19,239],"on":[20,240,258],"patient":[21],"condition.":[23],"MATERIALS":[24],"AND":[25,200],"METHODS:":[26],"Electronic":[27],"(2019-2021)":[30],"are":[31],"derived":[32],"from":[33,71],"a":[34,89,225],"primary":[35],"care":[36],"registry":[37],"collected":[38],"by":[39],"Board":[42],"Family":[44],"Medicine.":[45],"These":[46,62],"were":[48,64,107,113,151],"assigned":[49,108],"anonymized":[50],"person-level":[51,109],"identifiers":[52,110],"(Protected":[53],"Identification":[54],"Keys":[55],"[PIKs])":[56],"at":[57],"U.S.":[59],"Census":[60],"Bureau.":[61],"then":[65],"linked":[66],"ACS":[73,161,233],"(2005-2022).":[74],"We":[75],"used":[76],"logistic":[77],"regressions":[78],"match":[81,234],"rates":[82],"for":[83,126,165,212,255],"patients":[84,127,166],"with":[85,128,167,209,236],"conditions":[87],"across":[88,206],"range":[90],"severity:":[92],"hypertension,":[93],"diabetes,":[94],"and":[95,137,184,218,232],"chronic":[96,185],"kidney":[97,186],"disease.":[98],"RESULTS:":[99],"Among":[100],"more":[101],"than":[102],"2.8":[103],"million":[104],"patients,":[105],"99.2%":[106],"(PIKs).":[111],"There":[112,150],"some":[114],"differences":[115,154,238],"in":[116,123,155,162],"odds":[118,157],"receiving":[120],"an":[121],"identifier":[122],"adjusted":[124,163],"models":[125,164],"hypertension":[129,168],"(OR":[130,139,169,177,188],"=":[131,140,170,178,189],"1.70,":[132],"95%":[133,142,172,180,191],"CI:":[134,143,173,181,192],"1.63,":[135],"1.77)":[136],"diabetes":[138,176],"1.17,":[141],"1.13,":[144],"1.22),":[145],"relative":[146,195],"those":[148,197],"without.":[149,198],"only":[152],"small":[153,237],"matching":[159],"1.03,":[171,174,193],"1.04),":[175],"1.02,":[179],"1.01,":[182],"1.03),":[183],"disease":[187],"1.05,":[190],"1.06),":[194],"DISCUSSION":[199],"CONCLUSION:":[201],"Our":[202],"work":[203],"supports":[204],"evidence-building":[205],"government":[207],"consistent":[208],"Foundations":[211],"Evidence-Based":[213],"Policymaking":[214],"Act":[215],"2018":[217],"goal":[220],"leveraging":[222],"as":[224],"strategic":[226],"asset.":[227],"Given":[228],"high":[230],"PIK":[231],"rates,":[235],"condition,":[242],"our":[243],"findings":[244],"suggest":[245],"feasibility":[247],"enhancing":[249],"utility":[251],"EHR":[253],"research":[256],"focused":[257],"health.":[259]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-29T09:16:38.111599","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
