{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402276140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocae222","title":"A machine-learning prediction model to identify risk of firearm injury using electronic health records data","display_name":"A machine-learning prediction model to identify risk of firearm injury using electronic health records data","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402276140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocae222","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39231045"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/jamia/ocae222","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocae222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11413429/pdf/ocae222.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062803362","display_name":"Hui Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6491-7745"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343052199","display_name":"Kaiser Permanente","ror":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States","Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015373904","display_name":"Claudia Nau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0373-2560"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343052199","display_name":"Kaiser Permanente","ror":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Claudia Nau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States","Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028519692","display_name":"Fagen Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1565-0490"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343052199","display_name":"Kaiser Permanente","ror":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fagen Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1565-0490","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086404703","display_name":"Richard Contreras","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343052199","display_name":"Kaiser Permanente","ror":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Contreras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112751687","display_name":"Deborah Ling Grant","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343052199","display_name":"Kaiser Permanente","ror":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deborah Ling Grant","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068748650","display_name":"Sonya Negriff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1660-6301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343052199","display_name":"Kaiser Permanente","ror":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sonya Negriff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States","Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011806761","display_name":"Margo A. Sidell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7963-4505"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343052199","display_name":"Kaiser Permanente","ror":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Margo Sidell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001902730","display_name":"Corinna Koebnick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8274-0309"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343052199","display_name":"Kaiser Permanente","ror":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Corinna Koebnick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States","Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8274-0309","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029549144","display_name":"Rulin C. Hechter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8684-6506"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343052199","display_name":"Kaiser Permanente","ror":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rulin Hechter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States","Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Pasadena, CA 91101, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015373904"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"],"apc_list":{"value":3967,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3967},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.466,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83501528,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"10","first_page":"2173","last_page":"2180"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12265","display_name":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12265","display_name":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11824","display_name":"Injury Epidemiology and Prevention","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-records","display_name":"Health records","score":0.6381990909576416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5694612860679626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.46385595202445984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.40085679292678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-emergency","display_name":"Medical emergency","score":0.35387924313545227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.24824556708335876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.09896671772003174}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019952477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Health records","level":3,"score":0.6381990909576416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5694612860679626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.46385595202445984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40085679292678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.35387924313545227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.24824556708335876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.09896671772003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002140","descriptor_name":"California","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002140","descriptor_name":"California","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002140","descriptor_name":"California","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002140","descriptor_name":"California","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002140","descriptor_name":"California","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002140","descriptor_name":"California","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002140","descriptor_name":"California","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005389","descriptor_name":"Firearms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005389","descriptor_name":"Firearms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005389","descriptor_name":"Firearms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005389","descriptor_name":"Firearms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005389","descriptor_name":"Firearms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005389","descriptor_name":"Firearms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005389","descriptor_name":"Firearms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014948","descriptor_name":"Wounds, Gunshot","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014948","descriptor_name":"Wounds, Gunshot","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014948","descriptor_name":"Wounds, Gunshot","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014948","descriptor_name":"Wounds, Gunshot","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014948","descriptor_name":"Wounds, Gunshot","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014948","descriptor_name":"Wounds, Gunshot","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014948","descriptor_name":"Wounds, Gunshot","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/jamia/ocae222","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocae222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39231045","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39231045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11413429","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11413429/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11413429/pdf/ocae222.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Am Med Inform Assoc","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11216181","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11413429","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11413429","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11413429/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11413429/pdf/ocae222.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Am Med Inform Assoc","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.7400000095367432}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308849","display_name":"Kaiser Permanente","ror":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402276140.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W429766147","https://openalex.org/W1980040599","https://openalex.org/W2012035409","https://openalex.org/W2053136065","https://openalex.org/W2057780602","https://openalex.org/W2061326496","https://openalex.org/W2080051246","https://openalex.org/W2084341220","https://openalex.org/W2112081648","https://openalex.org/W2132322340","https://openalex.org/W2139075905","https://openalex.org/W2308411977","https://openalex.org/W2616684914","https://openalex.org/W2789453180","https://openalex.org/W2885659818","https://openalex.org/W2899175956","https://openalex.org/W2920529430","https://openalex.org/W2963255048","https://openalex.org/W2967106917","https://openalex.org/W2981334630","https://openalex.org/W2984040118","https://openalex.org/W3012946846","https://openalex.org/W3033581476","https://openalex.org/W3039783692","https://openalex.org/W3046113390","https://openalex.org/W3095556701","https://openalex.org/W3116118442","https://openalex.org/W3116573481","https://openalex.org/W3116809639","https://openalex.org/W3157622751","https://openalex.org/W3159510778","https://openalex.org/W3159774048","https://openalex.org/W3187922956","https://openalex.org/W4205918743","https://openalex.org/W4226017353","https://openalex.org/W4226395492","https://openalex.org/W4285022261","https://openalex.org/W4291823754","https://openalex.org/W4297259540","https://openalex.org/W4297837875","https://openalex.org/W4306168050","https://openalex.org/W4309900093","https://openalex.org/W4327682191","https://openalex.org/W4361271135","https://openalex.org/W4362522179","https://openalex.org/W4367311096","https://openalex.org/W4367321732","https://openalex.org/W4376226427","https://openalex.org/W4377970635","https://openalex.org/W4385331127","https://openalex.org/W4386134898","https://openalex.org/W4387007117","https://openalex.org/W4388567710","https://openalex.org/W4390096382","https://openalex.org/W4390674013","https://openalex.org/W6753544986","https://openalex.org/W6756357396"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474","https://openalex.org/W4283697347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"IMPORTANCE:":[0],"Firearm":[1],"injuries":[2,134],"constitute":[3],"a":[4,21,76,101,111,188,206],"public":[5],"health":[6,47],"crisis.":[7],"At":[8],"the":[9,120,125,146,170],"healthcare":[10,26,60,73,89,147,159,230],"encounter":[11,126,148],"level,":[12],"they":[13],"are,":[14],"however,":[15],"rare":[16],"events.":[17],"OBJECTIVE:":[18],"To":[19],"develop":[20],"predictive":[22,190],"model":[23,112,172,223],"to":[24,37,58,107,211],"identify":[25,59],"encounters":[27,61],"of":[28,34,62,75,78,116,131,169,184,192,196,208,236],"adult":[29,142],"patients":[30,63],"at":[31,124,145],"increased":[32],"risk":[33,115,239],"firearm":[35,68,117,133,237],"injury":[36,118,238],"target":[38],"screening":[39,203,228],"and":[40,66,91,100,109,161,167,175,194,241],"prevention":[41,242],"efforts.":[42,243],"MATERIALS":[43],"AND":[44],"METHODS:":[45],"Electronic":[46],"records":[48],"data":[49],"from":[50],"Kaiser":[51],"Permanente":[52],"Southern":[53],"California":[54],"(KPSC)":[55],"were":[56,94,105,135,173],"used":[57,106],"with":[64],"fatal":[65],"non-fatal":[67],"injuries,":[69],"as":[70,72],"well":[71],"visits":[74],"sample":[77,103],"matched":[79],"controls":[80],"during":[81],"2010-2018.":[82],"More":[83],"than":[84],"170":[85],"predictors,":[86],"including":[87],"diagnoses,":[88],"utilization,":[90,160],"neighborhood":[92],"characteristics":[93],"identified.":[95],"Extreme":[96],"gradient":[97],"boosting":[98],"(XGBoost)":[99],"split":[102],"design":[104],"train":[108],"test":[110],"that":[113],"predicted":[114,185],"within":[119],"next":[121],"3":[122],"years":[123],"level.":[127],"RESULTS:":[128],"A":[129,178],"total":[130],"3879":[132],"identified":[136],"among":[137],"5":[138],"288":[139],"529":[140],"KPSC":[141],"members.":[143],"Prevalence":[144],"level":[149],"was":[150],"0.01%.":[151],"The":[152,165],"15":[153],"most":[154],"important":[155],"predictors":[156],"included":[157],"demographics,":[158],"neighborhood-level":[162],"socio-economic":[163],"factors.":[164],"sensitivity":[166,195],"specificity":[168],"final":[171],"0.83":[174],"0.56,":[176],"respectively.":[177],"very":[179],"high-risk":[180,199],"group":[181,200],"(top":[182],"1%":[183],"risk)":[186],"yielded":[187],"positive":[189],"value":[191],"0.14%":[193],"13%.":[197],"This":[198],"potentially":[201],"reduces":[202],"burden":[204],"by":[205],"factor":[207],"11.7,":[209],"compared":[210],"universal":[212],"screening.":[213],"Results":[214],"for":[215],"alternative":[216],"probability":[217],"cutoffs":[218],"are":[219],"presented.":[220],"DISCUSSION:":[221],"Our":[222],"can":[224],"support":[225],"more":[226],"targeted":[227],"in":[229,233],"settings,":[231],"resulting":[232],"improved":[234],"efficiency":[235],"assessment":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-23T06:36:01.041984","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
