{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4303446524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocac178","title":"Trading-off privacy and utility: the Washington State experience assessing the performance of a public health digital exposure notification system for coronavirus disease 2019","display_name":"Trading-off privacy and utility: the Washington State experience assessing the performance of a public health digital exposure notification system for coronavirus disease 2019","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4303446524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocac178","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36206130"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/jamia/ocac178","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocac178","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/29/12/2050/47027806/ocac178.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/29/12/2050/47027806/ocac178.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063274555","display_name":"Courtney Segal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4118-8882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Courtney D Segal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4118-8882","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063424636","display_name":"William B. Lober","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1053-7501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102685","display_name":"Neurobehavioral Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/018d33y89","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210102685"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"William B Lober","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Informatics Research Group, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington DC, USA","Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1053-7501","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Informatics Research Group, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102685","https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056346675","display_name":"Debra Revere","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3863-7774"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debra Revere","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3863-7774","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032538247","display_name":"Daniel Lorigan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Lorigan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Informatics Research Group, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Informatics Research Group, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002899999","display_name":"Bryant T. Karras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5452-9362"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1284772924","display_name":"Washington State Department of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02x2akc96","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284772924"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bryant T Karras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Washington State Department of Health , Olympia, Washington DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5452-9362","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington State Department of Health , Olympia, Washington DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1284772924"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004811457","display_name":"Janet Baseman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1974-8196"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Janet G Baseman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1974-8196","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063424636"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I4210102685"],"apc_list":{"value":3967,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3967},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5946,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87255572,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"12","first_page":"2050","last_page":"2056"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12943","display_name":"COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing","score":0.8201000094413757,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12943","display_name":"COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing","score":0.8201000094413757,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11446","display_name":"Mobile Health and mHealth Applications","score":0.03700000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.01889999955892563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health","display_name":"Public health","score":0.6269872784614563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.6263848543167114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.5527398586273193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-health","display_name":"Digital health","score":0.5059682726860046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.49127477407455444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.4820447862148285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-2","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","score":0.4629448652267456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2019-20-coronavirus-outbreak","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","score":0.4524100124835968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4488074779510498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.4484519958496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus","display_name":"Coronavirus","score":0.43868470191955566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-health","display_name":"Environmental health","score":0.4114798903465271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3831552267074585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2304384410381317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.18538257479667664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virology","display_name":"Virology","score":0.18424975872039795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-disease","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","score":0.1267622411251068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"Economic growth","score":0.11884871125221252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.0936838686466217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nursing","display_name":"Nursing","score":0.09257057309150696}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.6269872784614563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.6263848543167114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5527398586273193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780433410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5276090","display_name":"Digital health","level":3,"score":0.5059682726860046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.49127477407455444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4820447862148285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.4629448652267456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3006700255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81068910","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","level":3,"score":0.4524100124835968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4488074779510498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.4484519958496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777648638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57751738","display_name":"Coronavirus","level":5,"score":0.43868470191955566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.4114798903465271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3831552267074585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2304384410381317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.18538257479667664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.18424975872039795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.1267622411251068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.11884871125221252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0936838686466217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.09257057309150696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011634","descriptor_name":"Public Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011634","descriptor_name":"Public Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011634","descriptor_name":"Public Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014861","descriptor_name":"Washington","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014861","descriptor_name":"Washington","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014861","descriptor_name":"Washington","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016358","descriptor_name":"Contact Tracing","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016358","descriptor_name":"Contact Tracing","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016358","descriptor_name":"Contact Tracing","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018563","descriptor_name":"Disease Notification","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018563","descriptor_name":"Disease Notification","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018563","descriptor_name":"Disease Notification","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018907","descriptor_name":"Privacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018907","descriptor_name":"Privacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018907","descriptor_name":"Privacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058873","descriptor_name":"Pandemics","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058873","descriptor_name":"Pandemics","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058873","descriptor_name":"Pandemics","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/jamia/ocac178","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocac178","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/29/12/2050/47027806/ocac178.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36206130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36206130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9667161","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9667161","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Am Med Inform Assoc","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/jamia/ocac178","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocac178","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article-pdf/29/12/2050/47027806/ocac178.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5754374531","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HED 25742","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310094","funder_display_name":"University of Washington"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310094","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4303446524.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4303446524.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W155366237","https://openalex.org/W1968018600","https://openalex.org/W1983283580","https://openalex.org/W2044712330","https://openalex.org/W2567850732","https://openalex.org/W2927181048","https://openalex.org/W3013215798","https://openalex.org/W3016003958","https://openalex.org/W3028695384","https://openalex.org/W3029037073","https://openalex.org/W3043122615","https://openalex.org/W3043281907","https://openalex.org/W3093546264","https://openalex.org/W3112124009","https://openalex.org/W3129222183","https://openalex.org/W3130081683","https://openalex.org/W3134152404","https://openalex.org/W3159582635","https://openalex.org/W3163076983","https://openalex.org/W3166559093","https://openalex.org/W4206221490","https://openalex.org/W4212922332","https://openalex.org/W4281877336","https://openalex.org/W4289518020","https://openalex.org/W4291448132","https://openalex.org/W6796137445"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200329650","https://openalex.org/W3127156785","https://openalex.org/W4205754011","https://openalex.org/W3009669391","https://openalex.org/W4205215807","https://openalex.org/W3005417802","https://openalex.org/W4226296940","https://openalex.org/W3028835529","https://openalex.org/W3036314732","https://openalex.org/W3134376730"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"Digital":[1],"exposure":[2],"notifications":[3],"(DEN)":[4],"systems":[5],"were":[6,118],"an":[7,88],"emergency":[8],"response":[9,24],"to":[10,20,38,80,113,120,143],"the":[11,39,51,57,69,145,152,156,160,187,194,199,212],"coronavirus":[12],"disease":[13],"2019":[14],"(COVID-19)":[15],"pandemic,":[16],"harnessing":[17],"smartphone-based":[18],"technology":[19],"enhance":[21],"conventional":[22],"pandemic":[23,191],"strategies":[25],"such":[26],"as":[27],"contact":[28],"tracing.":[29],"We":[30,71,86,126,139],"identify":[31],"and":[32,59,94,110,115,135,164,189,193,206],"describe":[33,73],"performance":[34,130],"measurement":[35],"constructs":[36,79,154],"relevant":[37,95],"implementation":[40,114,122,141],"of":[41,47,56,65,68,91,106,147,183,196,214],"DEN":[42,92,148,215],"tools:":[43],"(1)":[44],"reach":[45],"(number":[46],"users":[48],"enrolled":[49],"in":[50,62,98,159,170,179,186],"intervention);":[52,58],"(2)":[53],"engagement":[54],"(utilization":[55],"(3)":[60],"effectiveness":[61,136],"preventing":[63],"transmissions":[64],"COVID-19":[66],"(impact":[67],"intervention).":[70],"also":[72],"WA":[74],"State's":[75],"experience":[76],"utilizing":[77],"these":[78],"design":[81],"data-driven":[82],"evaluation":[83,123,146],"approaches.":[84],"METHODS:":[85],"conducted":[87],"environmental":[89],"scan":[90],"documentation":[93],"publications.":[96],"Participation":[97],"multidisciplinary":[99,207],"collaborative":[100],"environments":[101],"facilitated":[102],"shared":[103],"learning.":[104],"Compilation":[105],"available":[107,158],"data":[108,166,176],"sources":[109],"their":[111],"relevance":[112],"operation":[116],"workflows":[117],"synthesized":[119],"develop":[121],"constructs.":[124,137],"RESULTS:":[125],"identified":[127],"8":[128],"useful":[129],"indicators":[131],"within":[132],"reach,":[133],"engagement,":[134],"DISCUSSION:":[138],"use":[140],"science":[142,177],"frame":[144],"tools":[149,216],"by":[150],"linking":[151],"theoretical":[153],"with":[155,198],"metrics":[157,173],"underlying":[161],"disparate,":[162],"deidentified,":[163],"aggregate":[165],"infrastructure.":[167,202],"Our":[168],"challenges":[169],"developing":[171],"meaningful":[172],"include":[174],"limited":[175],"competencies":[178],"public":[180,200,219],"health,":[181],"validation":[182],"analytic":[184],"methodologies":[185],"complex":[188],"evolving":[190],"environment,":[192],"lack":[195],"integration":[197],"health":[201,220],"CONCLUSION:":[203],"Continued":[204],"collaboration":[205],"consensus":[208],"activities":[209],"can":[210],"improve":[211],"utility":[213],"for":[217],"future":[218],"emergencies.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-08T15:41:06.802602","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
