{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3210886649","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocab228","title":"A systematic review on natural language processing systems for eligibility prescreening in clinical research","display_name":"A systematic review on natural language processing systems for eligibility prescreening in clinical research","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3210886649","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocab228","mag":"3210886649","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34725689"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/jamia/ocab228","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocab228","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8714283","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046632480","display_name":"Betina Idnay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4318-5987"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Betina Idnay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA","School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4318-5987","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033415531","display_name":"Caitlin Dreisbach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3964-3161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caitlin Dreisbach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Science Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3964-3161","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Science Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009604048","display_name":"Chunhua Weng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9624-0214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunhua Weng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015919021","display_name":"Rebecca Schnall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2184-4045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rebecca Schnall","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2184-4045","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"apc_list":{"value":3967,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3967},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6393,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68115942,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"1","first_page":"197","last_page":"206"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.593500018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.593500018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10582","display_name":"Ethics in Clinical Research","score":0.09359999746084213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.042100001126527786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6351751089096069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5131776928901672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.48342955112457275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4043618142604828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.06852713227272034}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6351751089096069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5131776928901672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.48342955112457275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4043618142604828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.06852713227272034}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000079803","descriptor_name":"Data Management","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000079803","descriptor_name":"Data Management","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000079803","descriptor_name":"Data Management","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000079803","descriptor_name":"Data Management","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000079803","descriptor_name":"Data Management","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000079803","descriptor_name":"Data Management","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000079803","descriptor_name":"Data Management","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000079803","descriptor_name":"Data Management","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004608","descriptor_name":"Eligibility Determination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004608","descriptor_name":"Eligibility Determination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004608","descriptor_name":"Eligibility Determination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004608","descriptor_name":"Eligibility Determination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004608","descriptor_name":"Eligibility Determination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004608","descriptor_name":"Eligibility Determination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004608","descriptor_name":"Eligibility Determination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004608","descriptor_name":"Eligibility Determination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057189","descriptor_name":"Checklist","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057189","descriptor_name":"Checklist","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057189","descriptor_name":"Checklist","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057189","descriptor_name":"Checklist","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057189","descriptor_name":"Checklist","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057189","descriptor_name":"Checklist","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057189","descriptor_name":"Checklist","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057189","descriptor_name":"Checklist","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/jamia/ocab228","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocab228","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34725689","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34725689","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8714283","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8714283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Am Med Inform Assoc","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8714283","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8714283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Am Med Inform Assoc","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7300000190734863}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2912063694","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 LM009886","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337372","funder_display_name":"U.S. National Library of Medicine"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3247376524","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P30 NR016587","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337353","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Nursing Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4067844156","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"T15 LM007079","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337372","funder_display_name":"U.S. National Library of Medicine"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4125448470","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"K24NR018621","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337353","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Nursing Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6572771942","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"K24 NR018621","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337353","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Nursing Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8375580562","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"T32 NR007969","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337353","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Nursing Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337353","display_name":"National Institute of Nursing Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01y3zfr79"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337372","display_name":"U.S. National Library of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/0060t0j89"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9328536","https://openalex.org/W86609720","https://openalex.org/W134902690","https://openalex.org/W147128557","https://openalex.org/W246286872","https://openalex.org/W1572319397","https://openalex.org/W1637593105","https://openalex.org/W1965380368","https://openalex.org/W1967985363","https://openalex.org/W2006456280","https://openalex.org/W2024381024","https://openalex.org/W2030597870","https://openalex.org/W2032940686","https://openalex.org/W2034893913","https://openalex.org/W2051326280","https://openalex.org/W2063485028","https://openalex.org/W2065391044","https://openalex.org/W2083885359","https://openalex.org/W2084449331","https://openalex.org/W2106452209","https://openalex.org/W2116972869","https://openalex.org/W2128251606","https://openalex.org/W2128304333","https://openalex.org/W2131279935","https://openalex.org/W2142862978","https://openalex.org/W2156098321","https://openalex.org/W2165067209","https://openalex.org/W2169818249","https://openalex.org/W2200720576","https://openalex.org/W2316523394","https://openalex.org/W2324207353","https://openalex.org/W2337688041","https://openalex.org/W2398012724","https://openalex.org/W2471940872","https://openalex.org/W2567362164","https://openalex.org/W2600147483","https://openalex.org/W2623759943","https://openalex.org/W2735580341","https://openalex.org/W2885447570","https://openalex.org/W2902727565","https://openalex.org/W2911661483","https://openalex.org/W2917157846","https://openalex.org/W2946355579","https://openalex.org/W2951591277","https://openalex.org/W2957349243","https://openalex.org/W2961415574","https://openalex.org/W2962411443","https://openalex.org/W2974214648","https://openalex.org/W2978696208","https://openalex.org/W2979284462","https://openalex.org/W3001688612","https://openalex.org/W3011079674","https://openalex.org/W3012073911","https://openalex.org/W3012592703","https://openalex.org/W3021575545","https://openalex.org/W3021833419","https://openalex.org/W3081510302","https://openalex.org/W3107230741","https://openalex.org/W3113880835","https://openalex.org/W4294215472","https://openalex.org/W4302563337","https://openalex.org/W6603505381","https://openalex.org/W6606086076","https://openalex.org/W6636672007","https://openalex.org/W6675790202","https://openalex.org/W6712086954","https://openalex.org/W6776389092"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W3204019825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"We":[1],"conducted":[2],"a":[3,53,60],"systematic":[4,51],"review":[5],"to":[6,97,196,210,217,236],"assess":[7,197],"the":[8,18,26,36,65,99,103,108,120,133,144,155,164,173,225,237],"effect":[9],"of":[10,22,47,105,107,227,239],"natural":[11],"language":[12],"processing":[13],"(NLP)":[14],"systems":[15,118,180,216,229],"in":[16,64,132,181,230],"improving":[17,231],"accuracy":[19],"and":[20,43,62,102,129,137,169,212],"efficiency":[21],"eligibility":[23,57,184,232],"prescreening":[24,185,233],"during":[25],"clinical":[27,182,221,240],"research":[28,183,195,241],"recruitment":[29],"process.":[30],"MATERIALS":[31],"AND":[32],"METHODS:":[33],"Guided":[34],"by":[35],"Preferred":[37],"Reporting":[38],"Items":[39],"for":[40,49,55,92,148],"Systematic":[41],"Reviews":[42],"Meta-Analyses":[44],"(PRISMA)":[45],"standards":[46],"quality":[48,101,128],"reporting":[50],"reviews,":[52],"protocol":[54],"study":[56,100,127,134],"was":[58,95],"developed":[59],"priori":[61],"registered":[63],"PROSPERO":[66],"database.":[67],"Using":[68],"predetermined":[69],"inclusion":[70,121],"criteria,":[71],"studies":[72,113,124,142,153,162,171,204],"published":[73],"from":[74,82],"database":[75],"inception":[76],"through":[77],"February":[78],"2021":[79],"were":[80],"identified":[81],"5":[83],"databases.":[84],"The":[85],"Joanna":[86],"Briggs":[87],"Institute":[88],"Critical":[89],"Appraisal":[90],"Checklist":[91],"Quasi-experimental":[93],"Studies":[94],"adapted":[96],"determine":[98],"risk":[104],"bias":[106],"included":[109],"articles.":[110],"RESULTS:":[111],"Eleven":[112],"representing":[114],"8":[115],"unique":[116],"NLP":[117,145,179,215,228],"met":[119],"criteria.":[122],"These":[123],"demonstrated":[125],"moderate":[126],"exhibited":[130],"heterogeneity":[131],"design,":[135],"setting,":[136],"intervention":[138],"type.":[139],"All":[140],"11":[141],"evaluated":[143,154,163,172],"system's":[146,156,165,174],"performance":[147],"identifying":[149],"eligible":[150],"participants;":[151],"7":[152],"impact":[157,166,175,199],"on":[158,167,176,200,208],"time":[159],"efficiency;":[160],"4":[161],"workload;":[168],"2":[170],"recruitment.":[177,242],"DISCUSSION:":[178],"are":[186],"an":[187],"understudied":[188],"but":[189],"promising":[190],"field":[191],"that":[192],"requires":[193],"further":[194],"its":[198],"real-world":[201],"adoption.":[202],"Future":[203],"should":[205],"be":[206],"centered":[207],"continuing":[209],"develop":[211],"evaluate":[213],"relevant":[214],"improve":[218],"enrollment":[219],"into":[220],"studies.":[222],"CONCLUSION:":[223],"Understanding":[224],"role":[226],"is":[234],"critical":[235],"advancement":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}