{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3188295982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocab120","title":"Assessing hospital electronic health record vendor performance across publicly reported quality measures","display_name":"Assessing hospital electronic health record vendor performance across publicly reported quality measures","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3188295982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocab120","mag":"3188295982","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34333626"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/jamia/ocab120","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocab120","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8449606","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027068804","display_name":"A Jay Holmgren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7939-6831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A Jay Holmgren","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102008420","display_name":"Masha Kuznetsova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6710-526X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masha Kuznetsova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard Business School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6710-526X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Business School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047160707","display_name":"David C. Classen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7573-4875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Classen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Clinical Epidemiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Clinical Epidemiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036110536","display_name":"David W. Bates","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6268-1540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David W Bates","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA","Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA","Department of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027068804"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"],"apc_list":{"value":3967,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3967},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7671,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80537986,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"10","first_page":"2101","last_page":"2107"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.5126000046730042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.5126000046730042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11590","display_name":"Primary Care and Health Outcomes","score":0.1881999969482422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.0917000025510788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vendor","display_name":"Vendor","score":0.9504902362823486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicaid","display_name":"Medicaid","score":0.6606525182723999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.6093294024467468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.5964994430541992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-score","display_name":"Quality Score","score":0.5270065665245056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-management","display_name":"Quality management","score":0.47345560789108276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.3293793201446533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-management","display_name":"Operations management","score":0.3109225630760193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.2072247564792633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.11314496397972107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08311250805854797}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777338717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1762621","display_name":"Vendor","level":2,"score":0.9504902362823486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776534028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141363","display_name":"Medicaid","level":3,"score":0.6606525182723999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6093294024467468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5964994430541992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779346075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268763","display_name":"Quality Score","level":3,"score":0.5270065665245056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71405471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757012","display_name":"Quality management","level":3,"score":0.47345560789108276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.3293793201446533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.3109225630760193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2072247564792633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.11314496397972107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08311250805854797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198783460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629173","display_name":"Management system","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003132","descriptor_name":"Commerce","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003132","descriptor_name":"Commerce","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003132","descriptor_name":"Commerce","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006278","descriptor_name":"Medicare","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006278","descriptor_name":"Medicare","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006278","descriptor_name":"Medicare","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006761","descriptor_name":"Hospitals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006761","descriptor_name":"Hospitals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006761","descriptor_name":"Hospitals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019984","descriptor_name":"Quality Indicators, Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019984","descriptor_name":"Quality Indicators, Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019984","descriptor_name":"Quality Indicators, Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/jamia/ocab120","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocab120","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129839026","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","issn_l":"1067-5027","issn":["1067-5027","1527-974X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34333626","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34333626","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8449606","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8449606","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Am Med Inform Assoc","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8449606","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8449606","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Am Med Inform Assoc","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5546755661","display_name":"ENSURING SAFE PERFORMANCE OF ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS","funder_award_id":"R01HS023696","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332177","funder_display_name":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7652121483","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 HS023696","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332177","funder_display_name":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332177","display_name":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","ror":"https://ror.org/03jmfdf59"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W51696933","https://openalex.org/W155827172","https://openalex.org/W2004853130","https://openalex.org/W2041386778","https://openalex.org/W2080981908","https://openalex.org/W2103120311","https://openalex.org/W2119731464","https://openalex.org/W2125872723","https://openalex.org/W2128124510","https://openalex.org/W2142208528","https://openalex.org/W2169508803","https://openalex.org/W2743298989","https://openalex.org/W2748099698","https://openalex.org/W2768571739","https://openalex.org/W2827254741","https://openalex.org/W2928914367","https://openalex.org/W2957893649","https://openalex.org/W3029192982","https://openalex.org/W4247002863","https://openalex.org/W4250639036","https://openalex.org/W6606386180"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2281130122","https://openalex.org/W3121145236","https://openalex.org/W3145365445","https://openalex.org/W2400011993","https://openalex.org/W3188295982","https://openalex.org/W3135570915","https://openalex.org/W2372512398","https://openalex.org/W2989716301","https://openalex.org/W2028632835"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"Little":[1],"is":[2,17,249],"known":[3],"regarding":[4],"variation":[5,113,121,191,225],"among":[6],"electronic":[7],"health":[8],"record":[9],"(EHR)":[10],"vendors":[11,211],"in":[12,22,55,192],"quality":[13,44,59,112,193,203,224,236,247],"performance.":[14,194],"This":[15],"issue":[16],"compounded":[18],"by":[19,39,115,228,251],"selection":[20],"effects":[21],"which":[23],"high-quality":[24],"hospitals":[25,54],"coalesce":[26],"to":[27,96,107],"a":[28,220],"subset":[29],"of":[30,111,189,223,246],"market":[31],"leading":[32],"vendors.":[33,126],"We":[34,49,88,118],"measured":[35],"hospital":[36,253],"performance,":[37],"stratified":[38],"EHR":[40,125,180,197,229,243],"vendor,":[41,129],"across":[42,57,122,204],"4":[43,58],"metrics.":[45],"MATERIALS":[46],"AND":[47],"METHODS:":[48],"used":[50,93],"data":[51],"on":[52,137,175,235],"1272":[53],"2018":[56],"measures:":[60],"Leapfrog":[61,139],"Computerized":[62,140],"Provider":[63,141],"Order":[64,142],"Entry/EHR":[65,143],"Evaluation,":[66],"Centers":[67],"for":[68],"Medicare":[69],"and":[70,81,92,102,123,145,156,186,207,254],"Medicaid":[71],"Services":[72],"Hospital":[73,82,153],"Compare":[74,154],"Star":[75],"Ratings,":[76],"Hospital-Acquired":[77],"Condition":[78],"(HAC)":[79,185],"score,":[80,103,155],"Readmission":[83],"Reduction":[84],"Program":[85],"(HRRP)":[86,188],"ratio.":[87],"examined":[89],"score":[90,136],"distributions":[91],"multivariable":[94],"regression":[95],"evaluate":[97],"the":[98,109,133,138,151,160,190,208,216,252,258],"association":[99],"between":[100,183],"vendor":[101,130,148,157,168,181,198,230],"recovering":[104],"partial":[105],"R2":[106],"assess":[108],"proportion":[110],"explained":[114,182,227],"vendor.":[116],"RESULTS:":[117],"found":[119],"significant":[120],"within":[124],"The":[127],"largest":[128,210],"A,":[131],"had":[132,150,159],"highest":[134,152,161,217],"mean":[135],"Evaluation":[144],"HRRP":[146],"ratio,":[147],"G":[149],"F":[158],"HAC":[162],"score.":[163],"In":[164],"adjusted":[165],"models,":[166],"no":[167],"was":[169,199,226],"significantly":[170],"associated":[171,200,214],"with":[172,201,215,241],"higher":[173,202],"performance":[174,234,248],"more":[176],"than":[177],"2":[178,209],"measures.":[179],"1.2%":[184],"7.6":[187],"DISCUSSION:":[195],"No":[196],"all":[205],"measures,":[206],"were":[212],"not":[213],"scores.":[218],"Only":[219],"small":[221],"fraction":[222],"choice.":[231],"CONCLUSIONS:":[232],"Top":[233],"measures":[237],"can":[238],"be":[239],"achieved":[240],"any":[242],"vendor;":[244],"much":[245],"driven":[250],"how":[255],"it":[256],"uses":[257],"EHR.":[259]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-24T13:16:06.693445","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}