{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2030165313","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwt062","title":"Design and Evaluation of a Hand-held Trackball-based Touch-Haptic Interface for Providing Directional Feedback","display_name":"Design and Evaluation of a Hand-held Trackball-based Touch-Haptic Interface for Providing Directional Feedback","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-12-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2030165313","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwt062","mag":"2030165313"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/iwc/iwt062","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwt062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23117883","display_name":"Interacting with Computers","issn_l":"0953-5438","issn":["0953-5438","1873-7951"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interacting with Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102799508","display_name":"Minji Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6533-3760"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190731455","display_name":"Yeungjin College","ror":"https://ror.org/002ngbk13","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190731455"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virtual Reality Engineering Center, Yeungjin College, 218, Bokhyundong, Buk-gu, Daegu, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virtual Reality Engineering Center, Yeungjin College, 218, Bokhyundong, Buk-gu, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190731455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100704979","display_name":"Minyoung Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4500-4518"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Experience Laboratory, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Experience Laboratory, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024721658","display_name":"G. J. Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. J. Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Experience Laboratory, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Experience Laboratory, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102799508"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190731455"],"apc_list":{"value":2635,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3232},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09612179,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"2","first_page":"159","last_page":"171"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12032","display_name":"Multisensory perception and integration","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/haptic-technology","display_name":"Haptic technology","score":0.8505867719650269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7510812282562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.732174813747406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.6958816051483154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modality","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","score":0.5955982208251953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.5860870480537415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audio-feedback","display_name":"Audio feedback","score":0.5059995055198669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.4975183308124542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tactile-sensor","display_name":"Tactile sensor","score":0.48247960209846497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/touchpad","display_name":"Touchpad","score":0.42513227462768555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4248633086681366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.34536483883857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.28653839230537415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.1523396074771881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12256065011024475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.08918610215187073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.0843600332736969}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152086174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3030571","display_name":"Haptic technology","level":2,"score":0.8505867719650269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7510812282562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.732174813747406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.6958816051483154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.5955982208251953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.5860870480537415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38956757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716215","display_name":"Audio feedback","level":2,"score":0.5059995055198669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4975183308124542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46722567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7674139","display_name":"Tactile sensor","level":3,"score":0.48247960209846497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43199551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20137","display_name":"Touchpad","level":2,"score":0.42513227462768555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4248633086681366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.34536483883857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28653839230537415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.1523396074771881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12256065011024475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.08918610215187073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.0843600332736969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/iwc/iwt062","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwt062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23117883","display_name":"Interacting with Computers","issn_l":"0953-5438","issn":["0953-5438","1873-7951"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interacting with Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1574745822","https://openalex.org/W1595419681","https://openalex.org/W1970077068","https://openalex.org/W1974374927","https://openalex.org/W1990704072","https://openalex.org/W2004039200","https://openalex.org/W2018295629","https://openalex.org/W2042271756","https://openalex.org/W2059913822","https://openalex.org/W2083705866","https://openalex.org/W2123632603","https://openalex.org/W2125309248","https://openalex.org/W2126856614","https://openalex.org/W2127486392","https://openalex.org/W2134093624","https://openalex.org/W2136817690","https://openalex.org/W2139699415","https://openalex.org/W2142470243","https://openalex.org/W2146395481","https://openalex.org/W2148329528","https://openalex.org/W2158390706"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001781835","https://openalex.org/W4387543560","https://openalex.org/W1509997393","https://openalex.org/W1995627838","https://openalex.org/W2106472933","https://openalex.org/W2120900691","https://openalex.org/W2134049031","https://openalex.org/W2732506023","https://openalex.org/W4387779856","https://openalex.org/W36101568"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,111],"this":[1],"article,":[2],"we":[3,113],"present":[4],"a":[5,11,51,69,81,115,124,139,217,238,245,255],"design":[6,84],"and":[7,88,102,117,128,151,210,220],"an":[8,135],"evaluation":[9],"of":[10,25,35,38,50,54,73,107,179,231],"hand-held,":[12],"trackball-based,":[13],"touch-haptic":[14],"interface,":[15],"named":[16],"\u2018Touchball\u2019,":[17],"for":[18,86,134],"conveying":[19],"directional":[20,36,108],"cues.":[21],"By":[22],"the":[23,26,29,48,76,99,104,121,149,177,180,203,214,260],"nature":[24],"trackball":[27],"mechanism,":[28],"device":[30,133,205,252,258],"provides":[31],"flexibility":[32],"in":[33,171,176],"terms":[34],"degrees":[37],"freedom":[39],"compared":[40],"with":[41,161,187,224],"conventional":[42],"vibro-tactile":[43,125,152,185,204],"devices.":[44],"It":[45],"also":[46],"has":[47],"advantage":[49],"direct":[52],"transfer":[53],"force":[55,109],"feedback":[56,132,186,251],"through":[57,198],"frictional":[58],"touch":[59],"(leveraging":[60],"on":[61],"human's":[62],"high":[63],"skin":[64],"sensitivity),":[65],"thus":[66],"requiring":[67],"only":[68],"relatively":[70,207],"small":[71],"amount":[72,106],"inertia":[74],"by":[75],"actuator.":[77],"This":[78],"leads":[79],"to":[80,97,123,159,244],"compact":[82,219],"hand-held":[83],"appropriate":[85],"mobile":[87],"3D":[89],"interactive":[90],"applications.":[91],"We":[92],"first":[93],"conducted":[94,114],"psychophysical":[95],"experiments":[96],"discover":[98],"detection":[100],"thresholds":[101],"measure":[103],"perceived":[105],"feedback.":[110],"addition,":[112],"performance":[116],"usability":[118,226],"test,":[119],"comparing":[120],"Touchball":[122,150,215,236],"(another":[126,130],"touch-based)":[127],"aural":[129,162,263],"modality)":[131],"actual":[136],"application,":[137],"namely":[138],"navigational":[140],"guide.":[141],"Experimental":[142],"results":[143],"have":[144],"shown":[145],"that":[146,160],"while":[147],"both":[148],"devices":[153],"produced":[154],"comparable":[155],"task":[156],"completion":[157],"time":[158],"feedback,":[163,182],"their":[164],"accuracies":[165],"were":[166],"significantly":[167],"lower.":[168],"The":[169],"usability,":[170],"most":[172],"categories,":[173],"was":[174],"higher":[175,225],"order":[178],"sound":[181],"Touchball,":[183],"then":[184],"statistically":[188],"significant":[189],"differences.":[190],"To":[191],"convey":[192],"more":[193,218],"than":[194],"just":[195],"on\u2013off":[196],"information":[197],"tactility":[199],"such":[200],"as":[201,254],"directions,":[202],"requires":[206],"many":[208],"vibrators":[209],"contact":[211],"points,":[212],"whereas":[213],"is":[216],"equally":[221],"effective":[222],"but":[223],"(e.g.":[227],"mental":[228],"load,":[229],"ease":[230],"use,":[232],"naturalness,":[233],"etc.).":[234],"Thus,":[235],"offers":[237],"viable":[239],"or":[240,248,262],"even":[241],"better":[242],"alternative":[243],"single":[246],"vibrator":[247],"grid-based":[249],"tactile":[250],"especially":[253],"supplementary":[256],"modality":[257],"(to":[259],"visual":[261],"centric":[264],"interface).":[265]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}