{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4323364100","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwad021","title":"Using an Immersive Video Environment to Assess Pedestrians\u2019 Compliance With COVID Distance Keeping Interventions","display_name":"Using an Immersive Video Environment to Assess Pedestrians\u2019 Compliance With COVID Distance Keeping Interventions","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4323364100","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwad021"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/iwc/iwad021","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwad021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23117883","display_name":"Interacting with Computers","issn_l":"0953-5438","issn":["0953-5438","1873-7951"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interacting with Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwad021","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016217427","display_name":"Jan Stenkamp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1100-4907"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22465464","display_name":"University of M\u00fcnster","ror":"https://ror.org/00pd74e08","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22465464"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jan Stenkamp","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Muenster Institute for Geoinformatics, , Muenster, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1100-4907","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Muenster Institute for Geoinformatics, , Muenster, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22465464"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050830706","display_name":"Benjamin Karic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3830-6116"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22465464","display_name":"University of M\u00fcnster","ror":"https://ror.org/00pd74e08","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22465464"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin Karic","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Muenster Institute for Geoinformatics, , Muenster, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Muenster Institute for Geoinformatics, , Muenster, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22465464"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017823546","display_name":"Paula Scharf","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22465464","display_name":"University of M\u00fcnster","ror":"https://ror.org/00pd74e08","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22465464"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paula Scharf","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Muenster Institute for Geoinformatics, , Muenster, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Muenster Institute for Geoinformatics, , Muenster, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22465464"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042574568","display_name":"Judith A. Verstegen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9082-4323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","display_name":"Utrecht University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pp8hn57","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Judith A Verstegen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Utrecht University Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, , Utrecht, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Utrecht University Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, , Utrecht, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001445016","display_name":"Christian Kray","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4199-8976"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22465464","display_name":"University of M\u00fcnster","ror":"https://ror.org/00pd74e08","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22465464"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Kray","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Muenster Institute for Geoinformatics, , Muenster, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4199-8976","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Muenster Institute for Geoinformatics, , Muenster, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22465464"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016217427"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22465464"],"apc_list":{"value":2635,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3277},"apc_paid":{"value":2635,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3277},"fwci":0.3998,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54282857,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"5","first_page":"628","last_page":"636"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10692","display_name":"Urban Green Space and Health","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signage","display_name":"Signage","score":0.9740191698074341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian","display_name":"Pedestrian","score":0.7633092403411865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7013827562332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-intervention","display_name":"Psychological intervention","score":0.5237493515014648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.44448375701904297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.401854932308197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.1781768798828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.15819060802459717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.09655728936195374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.09271028637886047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-disease","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","score":0.09086474776268005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08247098326683044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advertising","display_name":"Advertising","score":0.08210533857345581}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114938261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1211272","display_name":"Signage","level":2,"score":0.9740191698074341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.7633092403411865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7013827562332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.5237493515014648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.44448375701904297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.401854932308197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1781768798828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.15819060802459717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.09655728936195374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.09271028637886047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.09086474776268005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08247098326683044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.08210533857345581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/iwc/iwad021","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwad021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23117883","display_name":"Interacting with Computers","issn_l":"0953-5438","issn":["0953-5438","1873-7951"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interacting with Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.library.uu.nl:1874/438031","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/438031","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401649","display_name":"Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","host_organization_name":"Utrecht University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/iwc/iwad021","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwad021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23117883","display_name":"Interacting with Computers","issn_l":"0953-5438","issn":["0953-5438","1873-7951"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interacting with Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1491644571","https://openalex.org/W1713757920","https://openalex.org/W1964141240","https://openalex.org/W1974499073","https://openalex.org/W1998510521","https://openalex.org/W2023521848","https://openalex.org/W2035778413","https://openalex.org/W2038636594","https://openalex.org/W2042400378","https://openalex.org/W2064580392","https://openalex.org/W2074358376","https://openalex.org/W2122902902","https://openalex.org/W2148898016","https://openalex.org/W2154868891","https://openalex.org/W2798902364","https://openalex.org/W2969484346","https://openalex.org/W3013114250","https://openalex.org/W3025906129","https://openalex.org/W3032742287","https://openalex.org/W3033454377","https://openalex.org/W3088236174","https://openalex.org/W3115157332","https://openalex.org/W3210656563","https://openalex.org/W4200129545","https://openalex.org/W4255655703","https://openalex.org/W6641784307","https://openalex.org/W6678399458","https://openalex.org/W6775219991"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4363672910","https://openalex.org/W617181986","https://openalex.org/W4242964709","https://openalex.org/W3199221350","https://openalex.org/W3205489435","https://openalex.org/W599504570","https://openalex.org/W2592597735","https://openalex.org/W4392810881","https://openalex.org/W3212334027","https://openalex.org/W2953774939"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Physical":[1],"distancing":[2],"is":[3,33,109],"a":[4,63,119,141,144],"key":[5],"measure":[6],"to":[7,26,35,54,81,102,123,135],"slow":[8],"the":[9,60,148,155],"spread":[10],"of":[11,143,169],"many":[12],"highly":[13],"infectious":[14],"diseases,":[15],"e.g.":[16],"COVID-19.":[17],"Streetscape":[18],"interventions":[19],"such":[20,92],"as":[21],"pedestrian":[22,73],"signage":[23,76,93],"can":[24,98],"contribute":[25],"ensuring":[27],"distances":[28],"are":[29,172],"kept,":[30],"but":[31],"it":[32],"unclear":[34],"what":[36],"extent":[37],"people":[38],"comply":[39,124],"with":[40,72,84,154],"these":[41],"in":[42,59,147,163,166],"practice.":[43],"This":[44,158],"paper":[45],"tackles":[46],"this":[47],"question":[48],"using":[49],"an":[50],"immersive":[51],"video":[52,70],"environment":[53],"realistically":[55],"simulate":[56],"real-life":[57],"streetscapes":[58],"lab.":[61],"In":[62],"controlled":[64],"user":[65],"study,":[66],"we":[67,131],"augmented":[68],"panoramic":[69],"footage":[71],"one-way":[74],"street":[75],"and":[77,97,118,125,137],"recorded":[78],"route":[79],"decisions":[80,96,117],"assess":[82],"compliance":[83],"distance":[85,107],"keeping":[86,108],"measures.":[87],"Our":[88],"results":[89],"indicate":[90],"that":[91,146],"affects":[94],"routing":[95],"thus":[99],"help":[100],"pedestrians":[101],"avoid":[103],"crowded":[104],"situations":[105],"where":[106],"difficult.":[110],"We":[111],"also":[112],"identified":[113],"further":[114],"factors":[115],"affecting":[116],"correlation":[120],"between":[121],"intention":[122],"actual":[126],"compliance.":[127],"The":[128],"experimental":[129],"method":[130,159],"used":[132],"enabled":[133],"us":[134],"effectively":[136],"safely":[138],"carry":[139],"out":[140],"study":[142],"phenomenon":[145],"real":[149],"world":[150],"depends":[151],"on":[152],"interaction":[153],"physical":[156,170],"environment.":[157],"may":[160],"have":[161],"applications":[162],"other":[164],"areas":[165],"which":[167],"simulations":[168],"environments":[171],"important.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
