{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312067651","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eaac022","title":"Digital IDs for advanced robotics systems as a regulatory infrastructure","display_name":"Digital IDs for advanced robotics systems as a regulatory infrastructure","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312067651","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eaac022"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ijlit/eaac022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eaac022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193514341","display_name":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology","issn_l":"0967-0769","issn":["0967-0769","1464-3693"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eaac022","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011542117","display_name":"Abdulrahman S S Aldossary","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4626487","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdulrahman S S Aldossary","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Law, King Faisal University , Hofuf , Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Law, King Faisal University , Hofuf , Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011542117"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"],"apc_list":{"value":4151,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4151},"apc_paid":{"value":4151,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4151},"fwci":0.1994,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60164446,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"3","first_page":"350","last_page":"367"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13851","display_name":"Law, AI, and Intellectual Property","score":0.9717000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13475","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Law","score":0.9473999738693237,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6760149002075195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5988573431968689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5732237696647644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics","display_name":"Robotics","score":0.416380375623703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.41572305560112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.374703586101532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.11106947064399719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management","display_name":"Management","score":0.11062821745872498}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6760149002075195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5988573431968689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5732237696647644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.416380375623703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41572305560112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.374703586101532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.11106947064399719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.11062821745872498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/ijlit/eaac022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eaac022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193514341","display_name":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology","issn_l":"0967-0769","issn":["0967-0769","1464-3693"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ijlit/eaac022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eaac022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193514341","display_name":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology","issn_l":"0967-0769","issn":["0967-0769","1464-3693"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1508899372","https://openalex.org/W4233452137","https://openalex.org/W4254857216","https://openalex.org/W4231626925","https://openalex.org/W2962829499","https://openalex.org/W2767518918","https://openalex.org/W2131444840","https://openalex.org/W2414929284","https://openalex.org/W192849109"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Artificial":[1,83],"intelligence":[2],"(AI)":[3],"has":[4,193],"been":[5],"increasingly":[6,167],"performing":[7],"legitimate":[8],"tasks":[9],"on":[10],"behalf":[11],"of":[12,18,28,45,75,121,174],"humans.":[13],"However,":[14],"the":[15,25,41,73,175,191,241,245,252,266],"legal":[16,247],"aspects":[17,44],"this":[19,144,170,178,226],"task":[20],"performance":[21],"are":[22,124],"critical,":[23],"given":[24,117],"unprecedented":[26],"ability":[27],"AI":[29,46,59,91,99,122,161,208,214,262],"to":[30,57,134,151,195,216,239,243],"self-learn":[31],"and":[32,35,49,165,232,249],"act":[33],"reasonably":[34],"independently.":[36],"This":[37,94,234],"article":[38],"therefore":[39,96],"identifies":[40],"critical":[42],"regulatory":[43,198],"that":[47,90,98,111,118,146,190],"authorities":[48,242],"policymakers":[50],"should":[51,60],"be":[52,61,115,149,217,274],"aware":[53],"of,":[54],"with":[55,269],"regard":[56],"whether":[58],"regulated":[62,103],"now":[63],"or":[64,131],"at":[65],"a":[66,76,137,184,197,201,220,236,257],"later":[67],"stage":[68],"in":[69,104,128,143,163,251],"its":[70],"development.":[71],"Nevertheless,":[72],"absence":[74],"specific":[77,127],"law,":[78],"literally":[79],"designated":[80],"as":[81,160,200,225],"an":[82,153],"Intelligence":[84],"Law,":[85],"does":[86],"not":[87,125],"necessarily":[88],"mean":[89],"is":[92,100,108,141,188,235],"unregulated.":[93],"research":[95,171],"argues":[97],"already":[101],"indirectly":[102],"several":[105],"aspects.":[106],"It":[107],"subsequently":[109],"found":[110],"broad":[112],"regulation":[113,209],"could":[114],"premature,":[116],"some":[119,173],"types":[120],"systems":[123],"yet":[126,133],"their":[129],"form,":[130],"have":[132],"mature.":[135],"On":[136,183],"global":[138],"level,":[139,186],"it":[140,147,187,229],"argued":[142],"paper":[145],"would":[148,205,227,273],"sensible":[150],"establish":[152,196],"international":[154],"organization":[155,180],"sooner":[156],"rather":[157],"than":[158],"later,":[159],"grows":[162],"complexity":[164],"becomes":[166],"transnational.":[168],"Therefore,":[169],"presents":[172],"possible":[176],"obstacles":[177],"proposed":[179],"may":[181],"face.":[182],"national":[185,221],"suggested":[189],"time":[192],"come":[194],"infrastructure":[199],"pre-regulatory":[202],"phase,":[203],"which":[204],"render":[206],"future":[207],"more":[210,230],"feasible.":[211],"In":[212],"particular,":[213],"needs":[215],"identified":[218],"under":[219],"digital":[222,258],"identification":[223],"scheme,":[224],"make":[228],"regulatable":[231],"manageable.":[233],"necessary":[237],"step":[238],"enable":[240],"confront":[244],"myriad":[246],"issues":[248],"challenges":[250],"longer":[253],"term.":[254],"While":[255],"establishing":[256],"ID":[259],"scheme":[260],"for":[261],"systems,":[263],"discussions":[264],"over":[265],"liability":[267],"associated":[268],"AI\u2019s":[270],"wrongful":[271],"acts":[272],"especially":[275],"productive.":[276]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}