{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4295865892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eaac011","title":"Fox in the henhouse: The delegation of regulatory and privacy enforcement to big tech","display_name":"Fox in the henhouse: The delegation of regulatory and privacy enforcement to big tech","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4295865892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eaac011"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ijlit/eaac011","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eaac011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193514341","display_name":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology","issn_l":"0967-0769","issn":["0967-0769","1464-3693"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048359157","display_name":"William Bendix","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4259-843X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125467818","display_name":"Dakota State University","ror":"https://ror.org/016yv6y68","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125467818"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"William Bendix","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant Professor, Cyber Leadership and Intelligence, Dakota State University , Madison, SD , United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4259-843X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor, Cyber Leadership and Intelligence, Dakota State University , Madison, SD , United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125467818"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082041636","display_name":"Jon MacKay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1544-4168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154130895","display_name":"University of Auckland","ror":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon MacKay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lecturer, Information Systems and Operations Management, Faculty of Business and Economics, The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lecturer, Information Systems and Operations Management, Faculty of Business and Economics, The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048359157"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125467818"],"apc_list":{"value":4151,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4151},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6381,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74617756,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"2","first_page":"115","last_page":"134"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9419999718666077,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9419999718666077,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14288","display_name":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","score":0.9248999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12185","display_name":"Regulation and Compliance Studies","score":0.9247000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.7361667156219482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enforcement","display_name":"Enforcement","score":0.726558268070221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commission","display_name":"Commission","score":0.7225453853607178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delegation","display_name":"Delegation","score":0.6213284134864807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-enforcement","display_name":"Law enforcement","score":0.6080925464630127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.5671464204788208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumer-privacy","display_name":"Consumer privacy","score":0.5522947311401367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.5248194336891174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privacy-laws-of-the-united-states","display_name":"Privacy laws of the United States","score":0.43699249625205994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.387990802526474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.27756571769714355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.17021912336349487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.12577679753303528}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.7361667156219482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4202277","display_name":"Enforcement","level":2,"score":0.726558268070221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776034101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509347","display_name":"Commission","level":2,"score":0.7225453853607178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86532276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184065","display_name":"Delegation","level":2,"score":0.6213284134864807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780262971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44554","display_name":"Law enforcement","level":2,"score":0.6080925464630127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5671464204788208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778656907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164712","display_name":"Consumer privacy","level":3,"score":0.5522947311401367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.5248194336891174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175968658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839447","display_name":"Privacy laws of the United States","level":3,"score":0.43699249625205994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.387990802526474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.27756571769714355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.17021912336349487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.12577679753303528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/ijlit/eaac011","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eaac011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193514341","display_name":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology","issn_l":"0967-0769","issn":["0967-0769","1464-3693"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7699999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2184397483","https://openalex.org/W2060224275","https://openalex.org/W2282727146","https://openalex.org/W137854151","https://openalex.org/W2088719123","https://openalex.org/W3024504543","https://openalex.org/W1768062785","https://openalex.org/W4224236362","https://openalex.org/W2512012812","https://openalex.org/W4295865892"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"Federal":[2],"Trade":[3],"Commission":[4],"(FTC)":[5],"requires":[6],"tech":[7,75,119],"giants":[8,27,76,120],"to":[9,52,87,92,101],"identify":[10],"and":[11,70,95,112],"remove":[12],"apps":[13],"from":[14],"their":[15,36],"platforms":[16],"that":[17,74,118],"use":[18],"deceitful":[19],"sales":[20],"tactics":[21],"or":[22],"violate":[23],"user":[24],"privacy.":[25],"Tech":[26],"have":[28,42,50,90],"often":[29,105],"resisted":[30],"FTC":[31,46],"orders":[32],"because":[33],"policing":[34],"diminishes":[35],"profits.":[37],"But":[38],"while":[39,99],"some":[40],"firms":[41,49],"eventually":[43],"complied":[44],"with":[45],"demands,":[47],"other":[48],"continued":[51],"shirk":[53],"enforcement":[54],"at":[55],"the":[56,110,114,128],"risk":[57],"of":[58],"escalating":[59],"fines.":[60],"What":[61],"accounts":[62],"for":[63],"these":[64],"different":[65],"responses?":[66],"Examining":[67],"Apple,":[68],"Google":[69],"Facebook,":[71],"we":[72],"find":[73],"willingly":[77],"police":[78,88,102,135],"consumer":[79,83],"fraud":[80,89],"but":[81,131],"not":[82],"privacy":[84],"violations.":[85],"Failures":[86],"led":[91],"public":[93],"complaints":[94],"negative":[96],"press":[97],"attention,":[98],"failures":[100],"data":[103],"breaches":[104],"go":[106],"undetected":[107],"by":[108],"users,":[109],"media":[111],"thus":[113],"FTC.":[115],"We":[116],"conclude":[117],"can":[121],"act":[122],"as":[123],"effective":[124],"regulatory":[125],"agents":[126],"on":[127],"government's":[129],"behalf,":[130],"only":[132],"when":[133],"they":[134,137],"activities":[136],"cannot":[138],"conceal.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
