{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407423408","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baaf002","title":"AnnCovDB: a manually curated annotation database for mutations in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein","display_name":"AnnCovDB: a manually curated annotation database for mutations in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407423408","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baaf002","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39937661"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/database/baaf002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baaf002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201630","display_name":"Database","issn_l":"1758-0463","issn":["1758-0463"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311647","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Database","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baaf002","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100332123","display_name":"Xiaomin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3877-5242"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802541053","display_name":"Academy of Military Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02bv3c993","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802541053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaomin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802541053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109967386","display_name":"Zhongyi Lei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802541053","display_name":"Academy of Military Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02bv3c993","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802541053"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75390827","display_name":"Beijing University of Chemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00df5yc52","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75390827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongyi Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850,","College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , No.15 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802541053"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , No.15 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75390827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100747919","display_name":"Jiarong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2668-1305"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17721919","display_name":"Shanxi Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/0265d1010","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17721919"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802541053","display_name":"Academy of Military Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02bv3c993","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802541053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiarong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850,","School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University , No.98, University Street, Wujinshan Town, Yuci District, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province 030600,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802541053"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University , No.98, University Street, Wujinshan Town, Yuci District, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province 030600,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17721919"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039043807","display_name":"Tingting Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9057-5228"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17721919","display_name":"Shanxi Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/0265d1010","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17721919"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802541053","display_name":"Academy of Military Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02bv3c993","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802541053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tingting Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850,","School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University , No.98, University Street, Wujinshan Town, Yuci District, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province 030600,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802541053"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University , No.98, University Street, Wujinshan Town, Yuci District, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province 030600,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17721919"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036037633","display_name":"Xian Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4448-1841"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802541053","display_name":"Academy of Military Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02bv3c993","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802541053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xian Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802541053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041706920","display_name":"Jiguo Xue","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802541053","display_name":"Academy of Military Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02bv3c993","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802541053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiguo Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802541053"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090433321","display_name":"Ming Ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9465-2787"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802541053","display_name":"Academy of Military Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02bv3c993","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802541053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Military Medical Sciences , No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802541053"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100332123"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802541053"],"apc_list":{"value":1415,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1735},"apc_paid":{"value":1415,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1735},"fwci":1.2927,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74701808,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2025","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12576","display_name":"vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.8424537181854248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spike-protein","display_name":"Spike Protein","score":0.6689602732658386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6466217041015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spike","display_name":"Spike (software development)","score":0.6294712424278259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-2","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","score":0.4657593071460724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.4385637640953064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.437685489654541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3643723726272583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.3357246518135071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.2555793225765228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2514396011829376}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.8424537181854248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909509916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22329850","display_name":"Spike Protein","level":5,"score":0.6689602732658386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6466217041015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781390188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25203449","display_name":"Spike (software development)","level":2,"score":0.6294712424278259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.4657593071460724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.4385637640953064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.437685489654541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3643723726272583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.3357246518135071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2555793225765228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2514396011829376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D030541","descriptor_name":"Databases, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030541","descriptor_name":"Databases, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D030541","descriptor_name":"Databases, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D030541","descriptor_name":"Databases, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030541","descriptor_name":"Databases, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030541","descriptor_name":"Databases, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D030541","descriptor_name":"Databases, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030541","descriptor_name":"Databases, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030541","descriptor_name":"Databases, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D030541","descriptor_name":"Databases, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030541","descriptor_name":"Databases, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030541","descriptor_name":"Databases, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030541","descriptor_name":"Databases, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030541","descriptor_name":"Databases, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030541","descriptor_name":"Databases, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030541","descriptor_name":"Databases, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030562","descriptor_name":"Databases, Protein","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D030562","descriptor_name":"Databases, Protein","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D030562","descriptor_name":"Databases, Protein","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D030562","descriptor_name":"Databases, Protein","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064370","descriptor_name":"Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064370","descriptor_name":"Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064370","descriptor_name":"Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064370","descriptor_name":"Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064370","descriptor_name":"Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064370","descriptor_name":"Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064370","descriptor_name":"Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064370","descriptor_name":"Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064370","descriptor_name":"Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064370","descriptor_name":"Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064370","descriptor_name":"Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064370","descriptor_name":"Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064370","descriptor_name":"Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064370","descriptor_name":"Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064370","descriptor_name":"Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064370","descriptor_name":"Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066289","descriptor_name":"Data Curation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066289","descriptor_name":"Data Curation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D066289","descriptor_name":"Data Curation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D066289","descriptor_name":"Data Curation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066289","descriptor_name":"Data Curation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066289","descriptor_name":"Data Curation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D066289","descriptor_name":"Data Curation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066289","descriptor_name":"Data Curation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066289","descriptor_name":"Data Curation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D066289","descriptor_name":"Data Curation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066289","descriptor_name":"Data Curation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066289","descriptor_name":"Data Curation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066289","descriptor_name":"Data Curation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066289","descriptor_name":"Data Curation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066289","descriptor_name":"Data Curation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066289","descriptor_name":"Data Curation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/database/baaf002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baaf002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201630","display_name":"Database","issn_l":"1758-0463","issn":["1758-0463"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311647","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Database","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39937661","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39937661","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Database : the journal of biological databases and curation","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmid:40402770","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40402770","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Database : the journal of biological databases and curation","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11817795","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11817795","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11817795/pdf/baaf002.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Database (Oxford)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/database/baaf002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baaf002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201630","display_name":"Database","issn_l":"1758-0463","issn":["1758-0463"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311647","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Database","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6893772767","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82100130","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2912783011","https://openalex.org/W3007643904","https://openalex.org/W3009906937","https://openalex.org/W3009912996","https://openalex.org/W3014233146","https://openalex.org/W3017155530","https://openalex.org/W3069688043","https://openalex.org/W3093768302","https://openalex.org/W3107112434","https://openalex.org/W3137409463","https://openalex.org/W3195490732","https://openalex.org/W3198233589","https://openalex.org/W3203433659","https://openalex.org/W3208798941","https://openalex.org/W3216019834","https://openalex.org/W3216478751","https://openalex.org/W4200180765","https://openalex.org/W4200427880","https://openalex.org/W4200443436","https://openalex.org/W4206202892","https://openalex.org/W4210665241","https://openalex.org/W4220986183","https://openalex.org/W4225691034","https://openalex.org/W4281939105","https://openalex.org/W4284701002","https://openalex.org/W4284886202","https://openalex.org/W4289767353","https://openalex.org/W4294669030","https://openalex.org/W4309469480","https://openalex.org/W4317718208","https://openalex.org/W4319441555","https://openalex.org/W4386223763","https://openalex.org/W4388000873","https://openalex.org/W4388007148","https://openalex.org/W4391100295","https://openalex.org/W4391887888","https://openalex.org/W4399354067","https://openalex.org/W4401729468"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3135501652","https://openalex.org/W3207585454","https://openalex.org/W4394761436","https://openalex.org/W4243078506","https://openalex.org/W4372292428","https://openalex.org/W3017562527","https://openalex.org/W4386864284","https://openalex.org/W4205815969","https://openalex.org/W3023726384","https://openalex.org/W3045474919"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Severe":[0],"acute":[1],"respiratory":[2],"syndrome":[3],"coronavirus":[4],"2":[5],"(SARS-CoV-2)":[6],"has":[7],"been":[8,63],"circulating":[9],"and":[10,40,57,59,88,94,101,153,180,219],"adapting":[11],"within":[12],"the":[13,27,52,70,73,92,132,139,149,154,165],"human":[14],"population":[15],"for":[16,110,129,176,195],">4":[17],"years.":[18],"A":[19],"large":[20],"number":[21],"of":[22,37,42,51,55,69,106,135,203],"mutations":[23,54,71,130,155,179,183,218],"have":[24,62],"occurred":[25],"in":[26,31,72,131,138,148,164],"viral":[28,82],"genome,":[29],"resulting":[30],"significant":[32,60],"variants":[33,36,41,147],"known":[34],"as":[35,159],"concern":[38],"(VOCs)":[39],"interest":[43],"(VOIs).":[44],"The":[45,168],"spike":[46],"(S)":[47],"protein":[48,134,141],"harbors":[49],"many":[50],"characteristic":[53],"VOCs":[56],"VOIs,":[58],"efforts":[61],"made":[64],"to":[65,81,162,215],"explore":[66],"functional":[67,111,127],"effects":[68],"S":[74,133,140],"protein,":[75],"which":[76],"can":[77,212],"cause":[78],"or":[79],"contribute":[80],"infection,":[83],"transmission,":[84],"immune":[85],"evasion,":[86],"pathogenicity,":[87],"illness":[89],"severity.":[90],"However,":[91],"knowledge":[93],"understanding":[95],"are":[96],"dispersed":[97],"throughout":[98],"various":[99],"publications,":[100],"there":[102],"is":[103,114,120],"a":[104,107,121],"lack":[105],"well-structured":[108],"database":[109,122],"annotation":[112,174,201,223],"that":[113,123,172],"based":[115],"on":[116],"manual":[117],"curation.":[118],"AnnCovDB":[119,211],"provides":[124],"manually":[125,185],"curated":[126],"annotations":[128],"SARS-CoV-2.":[136],"Mutations":[137],"carried":[142],"by":[143],"at":[144],"least":[145],"8000":[146],"GISAID":[150],"were":[151,156,184,189],"chosen,":[152],"then":[157],"utilized":[158],"query":[160,216],"keywords":[161],"search":[163],"PubMed":[166],"database.":[167],"searched":[169],"publications":[170],"revealed":[171],"2093":[173],"entities":[175,188],"205":[177],"single":[178],"93":[181],"multiple":[182],"curated.":[186],"These":[187],"organized":[190],"into":[191],"multilevel":[192],"hierarchical":[193],"categories":[194],"user":[196],"convenience.":[197],"For":[198],"example,":[199],"one":[200],"entity":[202],"N501Y":[204],"mutation":[205],"was":[206],"'Infectious":[207],"cycle\u2794Attachment\u2794ACE2":[208],"binding":[209],"affinity\u2794Increase'.":[210],"be":[213],"used":[214],"specific":[217],"browse":[220],"through":[221],"function":[222],"entities.":[224],"Database":[225],"URL:":[226],"https://AnnCovDB.app.bio-it.tech/.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
