{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406783036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baae133","title":"A change language for ontologies and knowledge graphs","display_name":"A change language for ontologies and knowledge graphs","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406783036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baae133","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39841813"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/database/baae133","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baae133","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201630","display_name":"Database","issn_l":"1758-0463","issn":["1758-0463"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311647","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Database","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baae133","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057750338","display_name":"Harshad Hegde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2411-565X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Harshad Hegde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2411-565X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006978983","display_name":"Jennifer Vendetti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5085-6514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Vendetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University , 3180 Porter Dr., Palo Alto, CA 94304,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5085-6514","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University , 3180 Porter Dr., Palo Alto, CA 94304,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028831068","display_name":"Damien Goutte-Gattat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6095-8718"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Damien Goutte-Gattat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge , Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6095-8718","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge , Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035050896","display_name":"J. Harry Caufield","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5705-7831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J Harry Caufield","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5705-7831","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044043304","display_name":"John Graybeal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6875-5360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John B Graybeal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University , 3180 Porter Dr., Palo Alto, CA 94304,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6875-5360","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University , 3180 Porter Dr., Palo Alto, CA 94304,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031007073","display_name":"Nomi L. Harris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6315-3707"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nomi L Harris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6315-3707","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047005693","display_name":"Naouel Karam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6762-6417"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naouel Karam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Applied Informatics (InfAI), Leipzig University , Goerdelerring 9, Leipzig 04109,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6762-6417","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Applied Informatics (InfAI), Leipzig University , Goerdelerring 9, Leipzig 04109,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086689053","display_name":"Christian Kindermann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7818-3466"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Kindermann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University , 3180 Porter Dr., Palo Alto, CA 94304,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7818-3466","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University , 3180 Porter Dr., Palo Alto, CA 94304,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040603724","display_name":"Nicolas Matentzoglu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7356-1779"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicolas Matentzoglu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Semanticly , Spaces Ermou, Ermou 56, Athens 10563,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7356-1779","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Semanticly , Spaces Ermou, Ermou 56, Athens 10563,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009238690","display_name":"James A. Overton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5139-5557"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166763","display_name":"Arconic (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05gmzxc62","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166763"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James A Overton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Knocean Inc. , 2 - 107 Quebec Ave., Toronto, Ontario M6P 2T3,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5139-5557","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knocean Inc. , 2 - 107 Quebec Ave., Toronto, Ontario M6P 2T3,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009128820","display_name":"Mark A. Musen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3325-793X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark A Musen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University , 3180 Porter Dr., Palo Alto, CA 94304,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3325-793X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University , 3180 Porter Dr., Palo Alto, CA 94304,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002223413","display_name":"Chris Mungall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher J Mungall","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057750338"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"],"apc_list":{"value":1415,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1735},"apc_paid":{"value":1415,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1735},"fwci":4.3782,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93940451,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2025","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10887","display_name":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","score":0.9677000045776367,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7024315595626831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-graph","display_name":"Knowledge graph","score":0.5504018068313599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.41110163927078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.39733630418777466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3878963887691498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.324921190738678}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7024315595626831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987255567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33002955","display_name":"Knowledge graph","level":2,"score":0.5504018068313599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.41110163927078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.39733630418777466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3878963887691498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.324921190738678}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011381","descriptor_name":"Programming Languages","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011381","descriptor_name":"Programming Languages","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011381","descriptor_name":"Programming Languages","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011381","descriptor_name":"Programming Languages","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011381","descriptor_name":"Programming Languages","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064229","descriptor_name":"Biological Ontologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/database/baae133","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baae133","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201630","display_name":"Database","issn_l":"1758-0463","issn":["1758-0463"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311647","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Database","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39841813","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39841813","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Database : the journal of biological databases and curation","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmid:40402778","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40402778","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Database : the journal of biological databases and curation","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11753292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11753292","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Database (Oxford)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4mt2h97r","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4mt2h97r","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4ng4v2c9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4ng4v2c9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:2504242","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2504242","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:2531207","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/2531207","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/database/baae133","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baae133","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201630","display_name":"Database","issn_l":"1758-0463","issn":["1758-0463"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311647","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Database","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4508309178","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC0205CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7220634843","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"5U01HG009453-03 U24 GM143402","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8687830774","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BB/T014008/1 BBSRC-NSF/BIO","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W124940209","https://openalex.org/W1659163511","https://openalex.org/W1995950372","https://openalex.org/W2008629522","https://openalex.org/W2116034137","https://openalex.org/W2131660156","https://openalex.org/W2162181203","https://openalex.org/W2168316093","https://openalex.org/W2187413858","https://openalex.org/W2261812172","https://openalex.org/W2404810405","https://openalex.org/W2462007197","https://openalex.org/W2507905585","https://openalex.org/W2521644033","https://openalex.org/W2531883117","https://openalex.org/W2612519453","https://openalex.org/W2953131636","https://openalex.org/W2965518110","https://openalex.org/W3102245839","https://openalex.org/W3170771812","https://openalex.org/W4213108508","https://openalex.org/W4281704579","https://openalex.org/W4312824631","https://openalex.org/W4382599418","https://openalex.org/W4384819322","https://openalex.org/W4385287322","https://openalex.org/W4387136885","https://openalex.org/W4388616071","https://openalex.org/W4394720620","https://openalex.org/W4399138606","https://openalex.org/W4403458599","https://openalex.org/W6600575544","https://openalex.org/W6605117347","https://openalex.org/W6713748237","https://openalex.org/W6848361352"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3188962172","https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W4312825515","https://openalex.org/W4306742369","https://openalex.org/W4303457083","https://openalex.org/W2131146434","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W4376623224","https://openalex.org/W3204019825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ontologies":[0],"and":[1,16,56,91,97,119,139,149,169,216,221,226,256,263,273],"knowledge":[2,35],"graphs":[3],"(KGs)":[4],"are":[5,17,160],"general-purpose":[6],"computable":[7],"representations":[8],"of":[9,22,27,51,136,155,174,202,265,271],"some":[10],"domain,":[11],"such":[12],"as":[13],"human":[14],"anatomy,":[15],"frequently":[18],"a":[19,46,82,94,110,162,172,200,227],"crucial":[20],"part":[21],"modern":[23],"information":[24,37],"systems.":[25],"Most":[26],"these":[28,43],"structures":[29],"change":[30,240],"over":[31],"time,":[32],"incorporating":[33],"new":[34,228],"or":[36,189],"that":[38,70,128,158,213,235],"was":[39],"previously":[40],"missing.":[41],"Managing":[42],"changes":[44,53,88,127,145,225,266],"is":[45,157],"challenge,":[47],"both":[48],"in":[49,146,230],"terms":[50],"communicating":[52],"to":[54,59,66,89,115,125,133,166,187,238],"users":[55,237],"providing":[57],"mechanisms":[58],"make":[60,239],"it":[61,114,120],"easier":[62,261],"for":[63,86,143,204,260],"multiple":[64],"stakeholders":[65],"contribute.":[67],"To":[68],"fill":[69],"need,":[71],"we":[72],"have":[73,129,197],"created":[74],"KGCL,":[75],"the":[76,134,231,245,250,269],"Knowledge":[77],"Graph":[78],"Change":[79],"Language":[80,103],"(https://github.com/INCATools/kgcl),":[81],"standard":[83],"data":[84,252],"model":[85],"describing":[87],"KGs":[90],"ontologies":[92,272],"at":[93,161],"high":[95,163],"level,":[96],"an":[98,210],"accompanying":[99],"human-readable":[100],"Controlled":[101],"Natural":[102],"(CNL).":[104],"This":[105],"language":[106],"serves":[107],"two":[108],"purposes:":[109],"curator":[111],"can":[112,121,178],"use":[113],"request":[116],"desired":[117],"changes,":[118],"also":[122,198],"be":[123,167,179],"used":[124,142],"describe":[126],"already":[130],"happened,":[131],"corresponding":[132],"concepts":[135],"\"apply":[137],"patch\"":[138],"\"diff\"":[140],"commonly":[141],"managing":[144,205],"text":[147],"documents":[148],"computer":[150],"programs.":[151],"Another":[152],"key":[153],"feature":[154],"KGCL":[156,251],"descriptions":[159],"enough":[164],"level":[165],"useful":[168],"understood":[170],"by":[171,181],"variety":[173],"stakeholders-e.g.":[175],"ontology":[176,206,219,233],"edits":[177],"specified":[180],"commands":[182],"like":[183],"\"add":[184],"synonym":[185],"'arm'":[186],"'forelimb'\"":[188],"\"move":[190],"'Parkinson":[191],"disease'":[192],"under":[193],"'neurodegenerative":[194],"disease'.\"":[195],"We":[196],"built":[199],"suite":[201],"tools":[203],"changes.":[207],"These":[208],"include":[209],"automated":[211],"agent":[212],"integrates":[214],"with":[215,268],"monitors":[217],"GitHub":[218],"repositories":[220],"applies":[222],"any":[223],"requested":[224],"component":[229],"BioPortal":[232,246],"resource":[234],"allows":[236],"requests":[241],"directly":[242],"from":[243],"within":[244],"user":[247],"interface.":[248],"Overall,":[249],"model,":[253],"its":[254],"CNL,":[255],"associated":[257,267],"tooling":[258],"allow":[259],"management":[262],"processing":[264],"development":[270],"KGs.":[274],"Database":[275],"URL:":[276],"https://github.com/INCATools/kgcl.":[277]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
