{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2316605719","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comnet/cnu018","title":"Network fragility to overload failures: influence of the scale-free property","display_name":"Network fragility to overload failures: influence of the scale-free property","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-05-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2316605719","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comnet/cnu018","mag":"2316605719"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/comnet/cnu018","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comnet/cnu018","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2531583244","display_name":"Journal of Complex Networks","issn_l":"2051-1310","issn":["2051-1310","2051-1329"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Complex Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084508940","display_name":"Shogo Mizutaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0494-0556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. Mizutaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030633107","display_name":"Kousuke Yakubo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5995-5886"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Yakubo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084508940"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"],"apc_list":{"value":4151,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4151},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.229,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5925761,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"4","first_page":"413","last_page":"418"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11476","display_name":"Graph theory and applications","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2608","display_name":"Geometry and Topology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9089000225067139,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exponent","display_name":"Exponent","score":0.6746985912322998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-free-network","display_name":"Scale-free network","score":0.6660317182540894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/percolation-theory","display_name":"Percolation theory","score":0.5589855909347534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fragility","display_name":"Fragility","score":0.49709752202033997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.49703696370124817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-exponent","display_name":"Critical exponent","score":0.47795677185058594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics","display_name":"Statistical physics","score":0.4520265758037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.4452880620956421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.4447498917579651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/percolation","display_name":"Percolation (cognitive psychology)","score":0.41497087478637695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degree-distribution","display_name":"Degree distribution","score":0.4131668210029602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.4001547396183014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-network","display_name":"Complex network","score":0.394203245639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.38096290826797485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3767169713973999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.374338299036026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3249657154083252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.08861729502677917}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780388253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421508","display_name":"Exponent","level":2,"score":0.6746985912322998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25580894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071058","display_name":"Scale-free network","level":3,"score":0.6660317182540894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11557063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900918","display_name":"Percolation theory","level":3,"score":0.5589855909347534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80191262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5477668","display_name":"Fragility","level":2,"score":0.49709752202033997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.49703696370124817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164154869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901927","display_name":"Critical exponent","level":3,"score":0.47795677185058594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.4520265758037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.4452880620956421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4447498917579651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780457167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156484","display_name":"Percolation (cognitive psychology)","level":2,"score":0.41497087478637695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87414783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1002603","display_name":"Degree distribution","level":3,"score":0.4131668210029602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.4001547396183014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34947359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q665189","display_name":"Complex network","level":2,"score":0.394203245639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38096290826797485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3767169713973999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.374338299036026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3249657154083252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.08861729502677917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/comnet/cnu018","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comnet/cnu018","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2531583244","display_name":"Journal of Complex Networks","issn_l":"2051-1310","issn":["2051-1310","2051-1329"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Complex Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:comnet:2/4/413","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://comnet.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/2/4/413","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923041","display_name":"HighWire Press Open Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"TEXT"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3322666725","display_name":"\u904e\u8ca0\u8377\u6545\u969c\u30ab\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30c9\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u8907\u96d1\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u9811\u5f37\u6027","funder_award_id":"14J01323","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1571130651","https://openalex.org/W1784118272","https://openalex.org/W1964062850","https://openalex.org/W1971128028","https://openalex.org/W1992015378","https://openalex.org/W2010478496","https://openalex.org/W2011158429","https://openalex.org/W2015926110","https://openalex.org/W2026575383","https://openalex.org/W2070717823","https://openalex.org/W2070722739","https://openalex.org/W2088919401","https://openalex.org/W2097472580","https://openalex.org/W2106034715","https://openalex.org/W2119877592","https://openalex.org/W2130656785","https://openalex.org/W2136647665","https://openalex.org/W3100127315"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2022127515","https://openalex.org/W2375549684","https://openalex.org/W2070549402","https://openalex.org/W2516958348","https://openalex.org/W2922108232","https://openalex.org/W3034343267","https://openalex.org/W3016693850","https://openalex.org/W2049484314","https://openalex.org/W4319719345","https://openalex.org/W2359430877"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"it":[1,75],"has":[2],"been":[3],"found":[4],"that":[5,130],"scale-free":[6,42,80,113,131],"networks":[7,81,114,132],"are":[8,82,133],"fragile":[9,84,135],"against":[10,85,102],"overload":[11,86,103,137],"failures.":[12],"More":[13],"precisely,":[14],"the":[15,22,29,41,47,57,61,64,69,89,108,123,142,145],"critical":[16,23],"node-removal":[17],"fraction":[18],"|$f_{\\mathrm":[19],"{c}}$|":[20,27],"or":[21],"total":[24,70,90,124,146],"load":[25],"|$W_{\\mathrm":[26],"at":[28],"percolation":[30,109],"transition":[31,110],"by":[32,105],"removing":[33],"overloaded":[34],"nodes":[35],"is":[36,76],"an":[37],"increasing":[38],"function":[39,51],"of":[40,63,112,118,144],"exponent":[43,65],"|$\\gamma":[44,66,119],"$|":[45,67,120],"describing":[46],"asymptotic":[48],"degree":[49],"distribution":[50],"as":[52],"|$P(k)\\propto":[53],"k^{-\\gamma":[54],"}$|\u2060.":[55],"In":[56,95],"previous":[58],"work,":[59],"however,":[60],"decrease":[62],"reduces":[68],"tolerance":[71,91,125],"for":[72,115],"loads.":[73],"Thus,":[74],"not":[77,93],"clear":[78],"whether":[79],"actually":[83],"failures":[87,104,138],"if":[88],"dose":[92],"change.":[94],"this":[96],"paper,":[97],"we":[98],"investigate":[99],"network":[100],"robustness":[101],"calculating":[106],"analytically":[107],"point":[111],"various":[116],"values":[117],"with":[121],"keeping":[122],"constant.":[126],"Our":[127],"results":[128],"show":[129],"surely":[134],"to":[136],"even":[139],"after":[140],"excluding":[141],"effect":[143],"tolerance.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
