{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2151305623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comnet/cnu012","title":"Stationarity, non-stationarity and early warning signals in economic networks","display_name":"Stationarity, non-stationarity and early warning signals in economic networks","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-05-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2151305623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comnet/cnu012","mag":"2151305623"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/comnet/cnu012","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comnet/cnu012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2531583244","display_name":"Journal of Complex Networks","issn_l":"2051-1310","issn":["2051-1310","2051-1329"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Complex Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1403.4460","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"T. Squartini","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"T. Squartini","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"D. Garlaschelli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121797337","display_name":"Leiden University","ror":"https://ror.org/027bh9e22","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Garlaschelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituut-Lorentz for Theoretical Physics, Leiden Institute of Physics, University of Leiden, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituut-Lorentz for Theoretical Physics, Leiden Institute of Physics, University of Leiden, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4151,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4151},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5558,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95374506,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"21"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.2736999988555908,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.2736999988555908,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13377","display_name":"Ecosystem dynamics and resilience","score":0.10660000145435333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14143","display_name":"Economic and Technological Innovation","score":0.08470000326633453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/warning-system","display_name":"Warning system","score":0.7601000070571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.5942999720573425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.5708000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-networks","display_name":"Financial networks","score":0.5077000260353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-warning-system","display_name":"Early warning system","score":0.47029998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-crisis","display_name":"Financial crisis","score":0.46369999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-network","display_name":"Complex network","score":0.42480000853538513}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29825287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427940","display_name":"Warning system","level":2,"score":0.7601000070571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.5942999720573425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5708000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5340999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325235","display_name":"Financial networks","level":4,"score":0.5077000260353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779296788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5326904","display_name":"Early warning system","level":3,"score":0.47029998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778300220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114380","display_name":"Financial crisis","level":2,"score":0.46369999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34947359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q665189","display_name":"Complex network","level":2,"score":0.42480000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.40779998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32946077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618079","display_name":"Network analysis","level":2,"score":0.4032000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174106034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2659777","display_name":"Interbank lending market","level":3,"score":0.3799000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988224531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20830730","display_name":"Network structure","level":2,"score":0.3617999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2119116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7181","display_name":"Globalization","level":2,"score":0.3441999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3418000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63504599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2339766","display_name":"Economic globalization","level":3,"score":0.33899998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.3357999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202353208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1167393","display_name":"Economic indicator","level":2,"score":0.299699991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104122410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1416406","display_name":"Network model","level":2,"score":0.2773999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11804174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192971","display_name":"Network theory","level":2,"score":0.2727999985218048}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/comnet/cnu012","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comnet/cnu012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2531583244","display_name":"Journal of Complex Networks","issn_l":"2051-1310","issn":["2051-1310","2051-1329"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Complex Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1403.4460","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1403.4460","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1403.4460","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1403.4460","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1403.4460","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1403.4460","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522316566","https://openalex.org/W1575928123","https://openalex.org/W1761171396","https://openalex.org/W1837977878","https://openalex.org/W1972007776","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W1995907191","https://openalex.org/W2009150640","https://openalex.org/W2015344683","https://openalex.org/W2019703811","https://openalex.org/W2024255776","https://openalex.org/W2028085631","https://openalex.org/W2037102228","https://openalex.org/W2041933291","https://openalex.org/W2064370928","https://openalex.org/W2077085353","https://openalex.org/W2089438290","https://openalex.org/W2115364079","https://openalex.org/W2117899923","https://openalex.org/W2153624566","https://openalex.org/W2155994880","https://openalex.org/W2259832642","https://openalex.org/W4233386867"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Economic":[0],"integration,":[1],"globalization":[2],"and":[3,61,113,173],"financial":[4],"crises":[5],"represent":[6],"examples":[7],"of":[8,15,34,54,92,101,129,143,160,164,184],"processes":[9],"whose":[10],"understanding":[11],"requires":[12],"the":[13,16,49,52,55,64,90,108,114,122,133,139,141,144,161],"analysis":[14],"underlying":[17],"network":[18,29,82],"structure.":[19],"Of":[20],"particular":[21],"interest":[22],"is":[23,30,68,83,124,135],"establishing":[24],"whether":[25,78],"a":[26,32,74,79,85],"real":[27,80],"economic":[28,81],"in":[31,48,63,84],"state":[33,87],"(quasi)stationary":[35],"equilibrium,":[36],"i.e.":[37],"characterized":[38],"by":[39,88],"smooth":[40],"structural":[41,94],"changes":[42],"rather":[43],"than":[44],"abrupt":[45],"transitions.":[46],"While":[47],"former":[50],"case":[51,66],"behaviour":[53],"system":[56],"can":[57],"be":[58],"reasonably":[59],"controlled":[60],"predicted,":[62],"latter":[65],"this":[67],"generally":[69],"impossible.":[70],"Here,":[71],"we":[72,106],"propose":[73],"method":[75],"to":[76,154],"assess":[77],"quasi-stationary":[86],"checking":[89],"consistency":[91],"its":[93],"evolution":[95],"with":[96,181],"appropriate":[97],"quasi-equilibrium":[98,130],"maximum-entropy":[99],"ensembles":[100],"graphs.":[102],"As":[103],"illustrative":[104],"examples,":[105],"consider":[107],"International":[109],"Trade":[110],"Network":[111,117],"(ITN)":[112],"Dutch":[115],"Interbank":[116],"(DIN).":[118],"We":[119],"find":[120],"that":[121,151],"ITN":[123],"an":[125],"almost":[126],"perfect":[127],"example":[128],"network,":[131],"while":[132],"DIN":[134],"clearly":[136],"out-of-equilibrium.":[137],"In":[138],"latter,":[140],"entity":[142],"deviation":[145],"from":[146],"quasi-stationarity":[147],"contains":[148],"precious":[149],"information":[150],"allows":[152],"us":[153],"identify":[155],"remarkable":[156],"early":[157,167],"warning":[158,168],"signals":[159,169],"interbank":[162,185],"crisis":[163],"2008.":[165],"These":[166],"involve":[170],"certain":[171],"dyadic":[172],"triadic":[174],"topological":[175],"properties,":[176],"including":[177],"dangerous":[178],"\u2018debt":[179],"loops\u2019":[180],"different":[182],"levels":[183],"reciprocity.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
