{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2909344579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxz005","title":"A Utilization-Based Schedulability Test of Real-Time Systems Running on a Multiprocessor Virtual Machine","display_name":"A Utilization-Based Schedulability Test of Real-Time Systems Running on a Multiprocessor Virtual Machine","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2909344579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxz005","mag":"2909344579"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxz005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxz005","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/comjnl/article-pdf/62/6/884/28680978/bxz005.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44643521","display_name":"The Computer Journal","issn_l":"0010-4620","issn":["0010-4620","1460-2067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Computer Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/comjnl/article-pdf/62/6/884/28680978/bxz005.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040434647","display_name":"Christine Niyizamwiyitira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7159-1061"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52719799","display_name":"Blekinge Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0093a8w51","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52719799"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christine Niyizamwiyitira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52719799"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101593386","display_name":"Lars Lundberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5031-8215"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52719799","display_name":"Blekinge Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0093a8w51","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52719799"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lars Lundberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52719799"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101593386"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52719799"],"apc_list":{"value":2635,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3232},"apc_paid":{"value":2635,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3232},"fwci":0.2592,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54953831,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"6","first_page":"884","last_page":"904"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9799000024795532,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypervisor","display_name":"Hypervisor","score":0.8812136650085449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8529090881347656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.7553711533546448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/priority-inversion","display_name":"Priority inversion","score":0.6785461902618408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiprocessing","display_name":"Multiprocessing","score":0.6456531286239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5927830934524536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-machine","display_name":"Virtual machine","score":0.5584574937820435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thread","display_name":"Thread (computing)","score":0.4571708142757416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.45710405707359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.39557236433029175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.37944352626800537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtualization","display_name":"Virtualization","score":0.27115046977996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-priority-scheduling","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","score":0.23215100169181824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rate-monotonic-scheduling","display_name":"Rate-monotonic scheduling","score":0.1265130341053009}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112904061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1077480","display_name":"Hypervisor","level":4,"score":0.8812136650085449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8529090881347656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.7553711533546448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172828308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q520734","display_name":"Priority inversion","level":5,"score":0.6785461902618408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4822641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846651","display_name":"Multiprocessing","level":2,"score":0.6456531286239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5927830934524536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25344961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192726","display_name":"Virtual machine","level":2,"score":0.5584574937820435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138101251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213092","display_name":"Thread (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4571708142757416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.45710405707359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.39557236433029175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.37944352626800537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513985346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270471","display_name":"Virtualization","level":3,"score":0.27115046977996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107568181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5319000","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","level":3,"score":0.23215100169181824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127456818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238879","display_name":"Rate-monotonic scheduling","level":4,"score":0.1265130341053009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxz005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxz005","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/comjnl/article-pdf/62/6/884/28680978/bxz005.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44643521","display_name":"The Computer Journal","issn_l":"0010-4620","issn":["0010-4620","1460-2067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Computer Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxz005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxz005","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/comjnl/article-pdf/62/6/884/28680978/bxz005.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44643521","display_name":"The Computer Journal","issn_l":"0010-4620","issn":["0010-4620","1460-2067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Computer Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3812240757","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20140032","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307330","funder_display_name":"Knowledge Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307330","display_name":"Knowledge Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/00v64cg28"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2909344579.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2909344579.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500869626","https://openalex.org/W1552598267","https://openalex.org/W1975489240","https://openalex.org/W2000767939","https://openalex.org/W2051607127","https://openalex.org/W2054998117","https://openalex.org/W2057876955","https://openalex.org/W2064719857","https://openalex.org/W2081217937","https://openalex.org/W2085630704","https://openalex.org/W2106974838","https://openalex.org/W2109488193","https://openalex.org/W2111065942","https://openalex.org/W2119332117","https://openalex.org/W2121607363","https://openalex.org/W2127327557","https://openalex.org/W2135559191","https://openalex.org/W2137784941","https://openalex.org/W2141440050","https://openalex.org/W2143508547","https://openalex.org/W2165570975","https://openalex.org/W2170091282","https://openalex.org/W2236307451","https://openalex.org/W2979862686","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6768772959"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2084977540","https://openalex.org/W2909344579","https://openalex.org/W2911627839","https://openalex.org/W1996705965","https://openalex.org/W2111603221","https://openalex.org/W2143139136","https://openalex.org/W3151910529","https://openalex.org/W2340891692","https://openalex.org/W2285316324","https://openalex.org/W2899110000"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,54,99],"consider":[1],"a":[2,8,56,156],"real-time":[3,115,125],"application":[4],"that":[5,181],"executes":[6],"in":[7,87,118,127],"VM":[9,129],"with":[10],"multiple":[11],"virtual":[12],"cores.":[13],"Tasks":[14],"are":[15],"scheduled":[16],"globally":[17],"using":[18,194],"fixed-priority":[19],"scheduling.":[20],"In":[21],"order":[22],"to":[23,72,76,163],"avoid":[24],"Dhall\u2019s":[25],"effect,":[26],"we":[27,48,66,149],"classify":[28],"tasks":[29,38,47,116,126],"into":[30],"two":[31],"priority":[32,41,52,183,197],"classes:":[33],"heavy":[34],"and":[35,93,167],"light.":[36],"Heavy":[37],"have":[39],"higher":[40],"than":[42,193],"light":[43,46],"tasks.":[44,73],"For":[45],"use":[49],"rate":[50,195],"monotonic":[51,196],"assignment.":[53,198],"propose":[55],"utilization-based":[57],"schedulability":[58,112,122,142],"test.":[59],"If":[60],"the":[61,77,80,83,88,90,97,107,111,114,119,124,128,132,138,141,144,176,182],"task":[62,81,191],"set":[63],"is":[64,79,155],"schedulable,":[65],"provide":[67],"an":[68],"assignment":[69,184],"of":[70,85,113,123],"priorities":[71],"The":[74,121],"input":[75],"test":[78],"set,":[82],"number":[84],"cores":[86],"VM,":[89],"period,":[91],"deadline":[92],"blocking":[94],"time":[95],"for":[96],"VM.":[98,120],"evaluate":[100,164],"how":[101],"jitter,":[102,152],"when":[103,131,171],"scheduling":[104,173],"VMs":[105],"on":[106,137,143,175],"hypervisor":[108,133,145,177],"level,":[109],"affects":[110],"running":[117],"decreases":[130],"jitter":[134],"increases,":[135],"but":[136],"other":[139],"hand":[140],"level":[146],"increases":[147],"if":[148],"allow":[150],"more":[151,190],"i.e.":[153],"there":[154],"trade-off.":[157],"Our":[158],"results":[159],"make":[160],"it":[161],"possible":[162],"this":[165],"trade-off":[166],"take":[168],"informed":[169],"decisions":[170],"selecting":[172],"parameters":[174],"level.":[178],"Simulations":[179],"show":[180],"used":[185],"by":[186],"our":[187],"algorithm":[188],"schedules":[189],"sets":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
