{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1998234836","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxt017","title":"An Empirical Investigation of the Impact of Server Virtualization on Energy Efficiency for Green Data Center","display_name":"An Empirical Investigation of the Impact of Server Virtualization on Energy Efficiency for Green Data Center","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1998234836","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxt017","mag":"1998234836"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxt017","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxt017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44643521","display_name":"The Computer Journal","issn_l":"0010-4620","issn":["0010-4620","1460-2067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Computer Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101746613","display_name":"Yuying Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6416-0140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Y. Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","#N#            1Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#            1Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041572550","display_name":"Yonggang Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2751-5114"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","#N#            1Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#            1Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033326056","display_name":"Qian Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0130-5901"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Q. Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yangtze Delta Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, PR China","2Yangtze Delta Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, PR China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yangtze Delta Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"2Yangtze Delta Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008574028","display_name":"Zuqing Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4251-788X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z. Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, PR China","3University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, PR China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"3University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101746613"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"apc_list":{"value":2635,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3232},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":25.237,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99324416,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"8","first_page":"977","last_page":"990"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtualization","display_name":"Virtualization","score":0.6841685771942139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.6481234431266785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chen","display_name":"Chen","score":0.5278068780899048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/library-science","display_name":"Library science","score":0.5049694180488586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/center","display_name":"Center (category theory)","score":0.48304158449172974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-center","display_name":"Data center","score":0.47879084944725037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-center","display_name":"Research center","score":0.420663058757782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4041064381599426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.20694127678871155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.13919666409492493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.08686286211013794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.06095162034034729}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513985346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270471","display_name":"Virtualization","level":3,"score":0.6841685771942139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.6481234431266785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776085556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183361","display_name":"Chen","level":2,"score":0.5278068780899048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.5049694180488586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779463800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062222","display_name":"Center (category theory)","level":2,"score":0.48304158449172974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153740404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671224","display_name":"Data center","level":2,"score":0.47879084944725037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777532764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31855","display_name":"Research center","level":2,"score":0.420663058757782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4041064381599426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.20694127678871155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.13919666409492493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.08686286211013794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.06095162034034729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxt017","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxt017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44643521","display_name":"The Computer Journal","issn_l":"0010-4620","issn":["0010-4620","1460-2067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Computer Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8299999833106995,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320746","display_name":"Infocomm Development Authority of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/04pyne868"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W130731712","https://openalex.org/W200304987","https://openalex.org/W1481358901","https://openalex.org/W1527264199","https://openalex.org/W1533943721","https://openalex.org/W1821730416","https://openalex.org/W1842406863","https://openalex.org/W1847647515","https://openalex.org/W2002072104","https://openalex.org/W2065547432","https://openalex.org/W2069663570","https://openalex.org/W2100346277","https://openalex.org/W2101658191","https://openalex.org/W2105534358","https://openalex.org/W2107923224","https://openalex.org/W2117898742","https://openalex.org/W2118955868","https://openalex.org/W2131726714","https://openalex.org/W2136244995","https://openalex.org/W2148459868","https://openalex.org/W2162462435","https://openalex.org/W2164510519","https://openalex.org/W2165037925","https://openalex.org/W2166716750","https://openalex.org/W2172016740","https://openalex.org/W2275530856","https://openalex.org/W2614676961","https://openalex.org/W2978655370"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2389989679","https://openalex.org/W1567716877","https://openalex.org/W2379482911","https://openalex.org/W2645858920","https://openalex.org/W2065091555","https://openalex.org/W2119279743","https://openalex.org/W2586359448","https://openalex.org/W1754260597","https://openalex.org/W2607263813","https://openalex.org/W247265095"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,50],"swift":[1],"adoption":[2],"of":[3,10,21,82,165],"cloud":[4],"services":[5],"is":[6,24,54],"accelerating":[7],"the":[8,30,55,67,74,103,119,125,137,154,163],"deployment":[9],"data":[11,14,44],"centers.":[12],"These":[13],"centers":[15,45],"are":[16,37],"consuming":[17],"a":[18,90,115,145,159],"large":[19],"amount":[20],"energy,":[22],"which":[23],"expected":[25],"to":[26,41,66,113,135,174,189],"grow":[27],"dramatically":[28],"under":[29,108],"existing":[31],"technological":[32],"trends.":[33],"Therefore,":[34],"research":[35],"efforts":[36],"in":[38,70,106],"great":[39],"need":[40],"architect":[42],"green":[43,94,175,190],"with":[46,141],"better":[47],"energy":[48,71,83,104,120,139,169],"efficiency.":[49],"most":[51],"prominent":[52],"approach":[53,134],"consolidation":[56,123],"enabled":[57],"by":[58],"virtualization.":[59,129],"However,":[60],"little":[61],"effort":[62],"has":[63],"been":[64],"paid":[65],"potential":[68],"overhead":[69],"usage":[72,84,105,140,170],"and":[73,124,148,171,193],"throughput":[75],"reduction":[76],"for":[77,93],"virtualized":[78,86],"servers.":[79],"Clear":[80],"understanding":[81],"on":[85,153,162,167],"servers":[87,107],"lays":[88],"out":[89],"solid":[91],"foundation":[92],"data-center":[95,176,191],"architecture.":[96,177],"This":[97],"paper":[98],"investigates":[99],"how":[100],"virtualization":[101,166],"affects":[102],"different":[109,142],"task":[110],"loads,":[111],"aiming":[112],"understand":[114],"fundamental":[116],"trade-off":[117],"between":[118],"saving":[121],"from":[122,128],"detrimental":[126],"effects":[127],"We":[130,178],"adopt":[131],"an":[132],"empirical":[133],"measure":[136],"server":[138,168],"configurations,":[143],"including":[144],"benchmark":[146],"case":[147],"two":[149],"alternative":[150],"hypervisors.":[151],"Based":[152],"collected":[155],"data,":[156],"we":[157],"report":[158],"few":[160],"findings":[161],"impact":[164],"their":[172],"implications":[173],"envision":[179],"that":[180],"these":[181],"technical":[182],"insights":[183],"would":[184],"bring":[185],"tremendous":[186],"value":[187],"propositions":[188],"architecture":[192],"operations.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
