{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2130204304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxs131","title":"Low Latency Fault Tolerance System","display_name":"Low Latency Fault Tolerance System","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2130204304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxs131","mag":"2130204304"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxs131","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxs131","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44643521","display_name":"The Computer Journal","issn_l":"0010-4620","issn":["0010-4620","1460-2067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Computer Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065763841","display_name":"Wenbing Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3202-1127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102607778","display_name":"Cleveland State University","ror":"https://ror.org/002tx1f22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102607778"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"W. Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102607778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090264331","display_name":"P. M. Melliar\u2010Smith","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. M. Melliar-Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara CA 93106, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara CA 93106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055549913","display_name":"L.E. Moser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9452-1246"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. E. Moser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA","Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara CA 93106, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara CA 93106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065763841"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102607778"],"apc_list":{"value":2635,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3232},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9802,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91893805,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"6","first_page":"716","last_page":"740"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9805999994277954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.977400004863739,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/replica","display_name":"Replica","score":0.9305864572525024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7718946933746338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multicast","display_name":"Multicast","score":0.7583390474319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.7423416376113892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-reconfiguration","display_name":"Control reconfiguration","score":0.6652601957321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asynchronous-communication","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","score":0.6592986583709717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.6465951204299927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.6244561076164246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backup","display_name":"Backup","score":0.5965564250946045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5768909454345703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/replication","display_name":"Replication (statistics)","score":0.4124113619327545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.13901790976524353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10946381092071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09341850876808167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09189814329147339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775937380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1232589","display_name":"Replica","level":2,"score":0.9305864572525024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7718946933746338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32295351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899288","display_name":"Multicast","level":2,"score":0.7583390474319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.7423416376113892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119701452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165881","display_name":"Control reconfiguration","level":2,"score":0.6652601957321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.6592986583709717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.6465951204299927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.6244561076164246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780945871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194274","display_name":"Backup","level":2,"score":0.5965564250946045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5768909454345703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12590798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3933199","display_name":"Replication (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4124113619327545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.13901790976524353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10946381092071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09341850876808167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09189814329147339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxs131","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxs131","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44643521","display_name":"The Computer Journal","issn_l":"0010-4620","issn":["0010-4620","1460-2067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Computer Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu:enece_facpub-1272","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/enece_facpub/264","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400889","display_name":"EngagedScholarship @ Cleveland State University (Cleveland State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I102607778","host_organization_name":"Cleveland State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102607778"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.348.5154","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.348.5154","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://academic.csuohio.edu/zhao_w/papers/llft-cj-v5.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483609491","https://openalex.org/W1491268894","https://openalex.org/W1520339130","https://openalex.org/W1537466575","https://openalex.org/W1556721672","https://openalex.org/W1583345979","https://openalex.org/W1602193077","https://openalex.org/W1818998288","https://openalex.org/W1884778945","https://openalex.org/W1923571635","https://openalex.org/W1970594962","https://openalex.org/W1991674178","https://openalex.org/W2000832815","https://openalex.org/W2005216655","https://openalex.org/W2016944512","https://openalex.org/W2035362408","https://openalex.org/W2039367546","https://openalex.org/W2047686393","https://openalex.org/W2057081379","https://openalex.org/W2075854425","https://openalex.org/W2077671984","https://openalex.org/W2088511248","https://openalex.org/W2096247846","https://openalex.org/W2098735855","https://openalex.org/W2099813257","https://openalex.org/W2108668877","https://openalex.org/W2109739361","https://openalex.org/W2114488210","https://openalex.org/W2117260615","https://openalex.org/W2118671104","https://openalex.org/W2118726720","https://openalex.org/W2121898964","https://openalex.org/W2122048894","https://openalex.org/W2133943294","https://openalex.org/W2138107754","https://openalex.org/W2144232511","https://openalex.org/W2145071552","https://openalex.org/W2148383895","https://openalex.org/W2158229983","https://openalex.org/W2163372502","https://openalex.org/W2165900899","https://openalex.org/W2168313930","https://openalex.org/W2295541535","https://openalex.org/W4247902278","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4301893214","https://openalex.org/W4367832712"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2009100592","https://openalex.org/W2963419690","https://openalex.org/W2003053453","https://openalex.org/W76096545","https://openalex.org/W298141509","https://openalex.org/W2185289585","https://openalex.org/W2143533292","https://openalex.org/W94119986","https://openalex.org/W1505813433","https://openalex.org/W2362272498"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,57,86,120,174],"low":[1,178,186],"latency":[2,179,187],"fault":[3,8,193],"tolerance":[4,9],"(LLFT)":[5],"system":[6,41,176],"provides":[7,23,61,90],"for":[10,30],"distributed":[11],"applications":[12,31],"within":[13],"a":[14,18,47,69,95,101,106,148,166,192],"local-area":[15],"network,":[16],"using":[17],"leader\u2013follower":[19],"replication":[20],"strategy.":[21],"LLFT":[22,44,58,144,175],"application-transparent":[24],"replication,":[25],"with":[26],"strong":[27],"replica":[28,81,96,102,131,168],"consistency,":[29],"that":[32],"involve":[33],"multiple":[34],"interacting":[35],"processes":[36],"or":[37,104],"threads.":[38],"Its":[39],"novel":[40],"model":[42],"enables":[43],"to":[45],"maintain":[46],"single":[48],"consistent":[49],"infinite":[50],"computation,":[51],"despite":[52],"faults":[53],"and":[54,92,99,132,169,185,189],"asynchronous":[55],"communication.":[56],"messaging":[59],"protocol":[60,89],"reliable,":[62],"totally":[63],"ordered":[64],"message":[65,74,180],"delivery":[66,181],"by":[67,78,116],"employing":[68],"group":[70,113],"multicast,":[71],"where":[72,108,163],"the":[73,79,83,109,112,117,125,129,134,141,159],"ordering":[75,126,136],"is":[76,114,165],"determined":[77,115],"primary":[80,118,130,167],"in":[82,158],"destination":[84],"group.":[85],"leader-determined":[87],"membership":[88,110],"reconfiguration":[91,188],"recovery":[93,190],"when":[94,100,191],"becomes":[97],"faulty":[98],"joins":[103],"leaves":[105],"group,":[107],"of":[111,137],"replica.":[119,173],"virtual":[121],"determinizer":[122],"framework":[123],"captures":[124],"information":[127],"at":[128,140],"enforces":[133],"same":[135],"non-deterministic":[138],"operations":[139],"backup":[142,172],"replicas.":[143],"does":[145],"not":[146],"employ":[147],"majority-based,":[149],"multiple-round":[150],"consensus":[151],"algorithm":[152],"and,":[153],"thus,":[154],"it":[155],"can":[156],"operate":[157],"common":[160],"industrial":[161],"case":[162],"there":[164],"only":[170],"one":[171],"achieves":[177],"during":[182],"normal":[183],"operation":[184],"occurs.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
