{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416824470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxaf133","title":"Extending Qutes: a practical high-level language for quantum computing","display_name":"Extending Qutes: a practical high-level language for quantum computing","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416824470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxaf133"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxaf133","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxaf133","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/comjnl/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/comjnl/bxaf133/65613716/bxaf133.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44643521","display_name":"The Computer Journal","issn_l":"0010-4620","issn":["0010-4620","1460-2067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Computer Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/comjnl/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/comjnl/bxaf133/65613716/bxaf133.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105877451","display_name":"Simone Faro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5937-5796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39063666","display_name":"University of Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simone Faro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica , Universit\u00e0 di Catania, viale A. Doria n.6, 95125, Catania,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica , Universit\u00e0 di Catania, viale A. Doria n.6, 95125, Catania,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004198996","display_name":"Francesco Pio Marino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4722-9542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39063666","display_name":"University of Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105918","display_name":"Normandie Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/01k40cz91","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105918"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108118","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, du Traitement de l'Information et des Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/01f1vfy95","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141576021","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329","https://openalex.org/I88814501"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62396329","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rouen Normandie","ror":"https://ror.org/03nhjew95","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88814501","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es Rouen Normandie","ror":"https://ror.org/020ws7586","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I88814501"]}],"countries":["FR","IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Pio Marino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica , Universit\u00e0 di Catania, viale A. Doria n.6, 95125, Catania,","Univ Rouen Normandie , INSA Rouen Normandie, Universit\u00e9 Le Havre Normandie, Normandie Univ, LITIS UR 4108, CNRS NormaSTIC FR 3638, IRIB, Rouen F-76000,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica , Universit\u00e0 di Catania, viale A. Doria n.6, 95125, Catania,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ Rouen Normandie , INSA Rouen Normandie, Universit\u00e9 Le Havre Normandie, Normandie Univ, LITIS UR 4108, CNRS NormaSTIC FR 3638, IRIB, Rouen F-76000,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329","https://openalex.org/I88814501"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119624385","display_name":"Gabriele Messina","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39063666","display_name":"University of Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriele Messina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica , Universit\u00e0 di Catania, viale A. Doria n.6, 95125, Catania,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica , Universit\u00e0 di Catania, viale A. Doria n.6, 95125, Catania,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004198996"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I39063666","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329","https://openalex.org/I88814501"],"apc_list":{"value":2635,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3232},"apc_paid":{"value":2635,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3232},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13473,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"3","first_page":"597","last_page":"612"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13182","display_name":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executable","display_name":"Executable","score":0.6072999835014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-circuit","display_name":"Quantum circuit","score":0.5218999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.49790000915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compiler","display_name":"Compiler","score":0.4887999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-algorithm","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","score":0.45820000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-information","display_name":"Quantum information","score":0.38609999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assembly-language","display_name":"Assembly language","score":0.383899986743927}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.786899983882904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160145156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778586","display_name":"Executable","level":2,"score":0.6072999835014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124148022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122210","display_name":"Quantum circuit","level":5,"score":0.5218999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.49790000915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4918000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.48989999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.4887999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137019171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623817","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","level":3,"score":0.45820000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169699857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122243","display_name":"Quantum information","level":3,"score":0.38609999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50831359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165436","display_name":"Assembly language","level":3,"score":0.383899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19024347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211496","display_name":"High-level programming language","level":3,"score":0.3734999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.3677999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437","display_name":"Syntax","level":2,"score":0.3391999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5320026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122216","display_name":"Quantum information science","level":4,"score":0.33480000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.3327000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190902152","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1325106","display_name":"Optimizing compiler","level":3,"score":0.29809999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58849907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2118982","display_name":"Quantum gate","level":4,"score":0.29750001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986567400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15777","display_name":"C programming language","level":3,"score":0.28949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.27730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186468114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836478","display_name":"Quantum network","level":4,"score":0.2669999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80469333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189088","display_name":"Von Neumann architecture","level":2,"score":0.26660001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90408235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938141","display_name":"Quantum annealing","level":4,"score":0.2639000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15706264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230883","display_name":"Quantum state","level":3,"score":0.25920000672340393}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxaf133","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxaf133","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/comjnl/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/comjnl/bxaf133/65613716/bxaf133.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44643521","display_name":"The Computer Journal","issn_l":"0010-4620","issn":["0010-4620","1460-2067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Computer Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxaf133","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxaf133","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/comjnl/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/comjnl/bxaf133/65613716/bxaf133.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44643521","display_name":"The Computer Journal","issn_l":"0010-4620","issn":["0010-4620","1460-2067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Computer Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5356239126","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CN00000013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416824470.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416824470.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978553093","https://openalex.org/W2049471987","https://openalex.org/W2084652510","https://openalex.org/W2109741106","https://openalex.org/W2137147061","https://openalex.org/W2160347025","https://openalex.org/W2161685427","https://openalex.org/W2790668893","https://openalex.org/W3033997567","https://openalex.org/W3035769668","https://openalex.org/W4206219333","https://openalex.org/W4322502851","https://openalex.org/W4392854993","https://openalex.org/W4400850431","https://openalex.org/W4402191280","https://openalex.org/W4403690527","https://openalex.org/W4404145815","https://openalex.org/W4406297470","https://openalex.org/W4406957844","https://openalex.org/W4410401214","https://openalex.org/W4410660764","https://openalex.org/W4414210476"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Quantum":[1],"computing":[2],"offers":[3],"transformative":[4],"capabilities":[5],"by":[6,149],"exploiting":[7],"quantum":[8,32,44,64,72,85,116,138,147],"mechanical":[9],"principles":[10],"to":[11,53,95,145],"solve":[12],"problems":[13],"that":[14,67],"are":[15],"intractable":[16],"for":[17,79,157],"classical":[18],"systems,":[19],"particularly":[20],"in":[21,43],"areas":[22],"like":[23],"cryptography,":[24],"optimization,":[25],"and":[26,46,90,124,130,154,159],"data":[27],"analysis.":[28],"However,":[29],"most":[30],"current":[31],"programming":[33,65,148],"languages":[34],"operate":[35],"at":[36],"a":[37,51,62],"low":[38],"level,":[39],"requiring":[40],"in-depth":[41],"expertise":[42],"mechanics":[45],"circuit":[47,101],"theory,":[48],"which":[49],"presents":[50],"barrier":[52],"wider":[54],"adoption.":[55],"In":[56],"this":[57],"work,":[58],"we":[59],"introduce":[60],"Qutes,":[61,129],"high-level":[63,91],"language":[66,122],"simplifies":[68],"the":[69,76,120,151],"development":[70],"of":[71,128,136],"algorithms":[73,98],"while":[74],"preserving":[75],"flexibility":[77],"needed":[78],"advanced":[80],"applications.":[81],"Qutes":[82,106],"abstracts":[83],"low-level":[84],"operations":[86],"through":[87,134],"intuitive":[88],"syntax":[89],"constructs,":[92],"enabling":[93],"developers":[94,160],"express":[96],"complex":[97],"without":[99],"detailed":[100],"knowledge.":[102],"Built":[103],"atop":[104],"Qiskit,":[105],"transpiles":[107],"seamlessly":[108],"into":[109],"executable":[110],"code,":[111],"ensuring":[112],"compatibility":[113],"with":[114],"real":[115],"hardware.":[117],"We":[118],"present":[119],"architecture,":[121],"design,":[123],"hybrid":[125],"classical-quantum":[126],"integration":[127],"demonstrate":[131],"its":[132],"use":[133],"implementations":[135],"canonical":[137],"algorithms.":[139],"Our":[140],"results":[141],"highlight":[142],"Qutes\u2019":[143],"potential":[144],"democratize":[146],"lowering":[150],"entry":[152],"threshold":[153],"accelerating":[155],"prototyping":[156],"researchers":[158],"alike.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-11-30T00:00:00"}