{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389276786","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxad111","title":"Anonymization of face images with Contrastive Learning","display_name":"Anonymization of face images with Contrastive Learning","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389276786","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxad111"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxad111","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxad111","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44643521","display_name":"The Computer Journal","issn_l":"0010-4620","issn":["0010-4620","1460-2067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Computer Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102388984","display_name":"Xintong Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xintong Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , 200 Xiaolingwei, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210094 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , 200 Xiaolingwei, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210094 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067110353","display_name":"Run Cui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131320","display_name":"LG (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ddh2c27","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131320"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Run Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["LG AI Research , Seoul 07336, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LG AI Research , Seoul 07336, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131320"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005438005","display_name":"Chanying Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1314-4949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chanying Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , 200 Xiaolingwei, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210094 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , 200 Xiaolingwei, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210094 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061804495","display_name":"Kedong Yan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kedong Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , 200 Xiaolingwei, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210094 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , 200 Xiaolingwei, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210094 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061804495"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"],"apc_list":{"value":2635,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3232},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1064,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.41089142,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"5","first_page":"1910","last_page":"1919"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.9075268507003784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8521212339401245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5423335433006287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5204572677612305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity","display_name":"Identity (music)","score":0.5039746165275574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.4809959828853607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.4771178066730499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3688294291496277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3440118134021759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.23251140117645264}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.9075268507003784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8521212339401245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5423335433006287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5204572677612305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.5039746165275574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.4809959828853607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.4771178066730499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3688294291496277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3440118134021759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.23251140117645264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxad111","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxad111","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44643521","display_name":"The Computer Journal","issn_l":"0010-4620","issn":["0010-4620","1460-2067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Computer Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7300000190734863,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3218224888","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"30920021130","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5212912084","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61806095","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1509966554","https://openalex.org/W2103958416","https://openalex.org/W2341528187","https://openalex.org/W2619616107","https://openalex.org/W2883108656","https://openalex.org/W2972577742","https://openalex.org/W2997170888","https://openalex.org/W3003301247","https://openalex.org/W3027483882","https://openalex.org/W3087732768","https://openalex.org/W3101998545","https://openalex.org/W3139271045","https://openalex.org/W3166898278","https://openalex.org/W4287795292","https://openalex.org/W6607417710","https://openalex.org/W6630649318","https://openalex.org/W6641977660","https://openalex.org/W6718140377","https://openalex.org/W6727716250","https://openalex.org/W6729966448","https://openalex.org/W6734564793","https://openalex.org/W6736210646","https://openalex.org/W6736780073","https://openalex.org/W6742926392","https://openalex.org/W6745798586","https://openalex.org/W6745992979","https://openalex.org/W6746448493","https://openalex.org/W6749997734","https://openalex.org/W6753006236","https://openalex.org/W6761198158","https://openalex.org/W6761470389","https://openalex.org/W6766001437","https://openalex.org/W6770233023","https://openalex.org/W6774314701","https://openalex.org/W6776941084","https://openalex.org/W6780359151","https://openalex.org/W6780903180","https://openalex.org/W6782338924","https://openalex.org/W6783395811","https://openalex.org/W6791721913"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W143386018","https://openalex.org/W1004582678","https://openalex.org/W2656445685","https://openalex.org/W2115218409","https://openalex.org/W2090949570","https://openalex.org/W2263162522","https://openalex.org/W1989237518","https://openalex.org/W2134080857","https://openalex.org/W2098693229","https://openalex.org/W2384651879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Photos":[1],"or":[2],"videos":[3],"taken":[4],"by":[5],"individuals":[6],"often":[7],"carry":[8],"sensitive":[9],"details":[10],"such":[11],"as":[12,145,147],"facial":[13,42,56],"identities,":[14],"which":[15],"has":[16],"led":[17],"to":[18,53,135],"an":[19,29,75,82],"escalating":[20],"societal":[21],"interest":[22],"in":[23,44],"privacy":[24],"protection":[25],"measures.":[26],"We":[27],"suggest":[28],"improved":[30],"face":[31,48,65,79,155],"identity":[32,49,57],"transformer":[33,50],"that":[34,114],"offers":[35],"password-protected":[36],"anonymization":[37,89,119,137],"and":[38,72,90,102,108,120,130],"de-anonymization":[39,91,121],"of":[40,87,158],"photo-realistic":[41],"images":[43,151],"visual":[45],"data.":[46],"Our":[47],"is":[51,70],"designed":[52],"(1)":[54],"erase":[55],"information":[58],"after":[59],"anonymization,":[60],"(2)":[61],"restore":[62],"the":[63,154,159],"original":[64,160],"when":[66,80],"a":[67,95,98,142],"correct":[68],"password":[69,96,124],"provided":[71],"(3)":[73],"generate":[74],"incorrect":[76,83],"but":[77],"realistic":[78],"given":[81],"password.":[84],"The":[85],"processes":[86],"image":[88,132],"are":[92],"facilitated":[93],"through":[94],"scheme,":[97],"multi-task":[99],"learning":[100],"objective":[101],"generative":[103],"adversarial":[104],"networks":[105],"comprising":[106],"InfoGAN":[107],"contrastive":[109],"learning.":[110],"In-depth":[111],"experiments":[112],"indicate":[113],"our":[115],"methodology":[116],"can":[117],"execute":[118],"based":[122],"on":[123],"conditions":[125],"whilst":[126],"reducing":[127],"training":[128],"time":[129],"enhancing":[131],"quality":[133],"compared":[134],"existing":[136],"procedures.":[138],"Additionally,":[139],"it":[140],"maintains":[141],"recognition":[143],"rate":[144,157],"low":[146],"4.8%":[148],"for":[149],"anonymized":[150],"without":[152],"sacrificing":[153],"detection":[156],"method.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-17T06:14:20.161405","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}