{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3212433266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxab192","title":"Defending Against Data Poisoning Attacks: From Distributed Learning to Federated Learning","display_name":"Defending Against Data Poisoning Attacks: From Distributed Learning to Federated Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3212433266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxab192","mag":"3212433266"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxab192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxab192","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44643521","display_name":"The Computer Journal","issn_l":"0010-4620","issn":["0010-4620","1460-2067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Computer Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110922642","display_name":"Yuchen Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6662-7460"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuchen Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology , Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology , Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085221201","display_name":"Weizhe Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4783-876X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weizhe Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology , Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology , Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090084463","display_name":"Andrew Simpson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3597-2232"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Simpson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science , University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QD, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science , University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QD, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028874350","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2486-5765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology , Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology , Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008190964","display_name":"Zoe L. Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8944-7444"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zoe Lin Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology , Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology , Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028874350"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"],"apc_list":{"value":2635,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3232},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0399,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81641484,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"3","first_page":"711","last_page":"726"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/federated-learning","display_name":"Federated learning","score":0.8280338048934937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7473729252815247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.6274359226226807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5994365811347961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier","display_name":"Outlier","score":0.564492404460907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5598287582397461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.32138723134994507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.31914398074150085}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992525071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50818671","display_name":"Federated learning","level":2,"score":0.8280338048934937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7473729252815247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.6274359226226807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5994365811347961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.564492404460907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5598287582397461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32138723134994507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.31914398074150085}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxab192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxab192","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44643521","display_name":"The Computer Journal","issn_l":"0010-4620","issn":["0010-4620","1460-2067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Computer Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ora.ox.ac.uk:uuid:43d3bfba-47b5-44ef-b185-fa256971e00f","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:43d3bfba-47b5-44ef-b185-fa256971e00f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402636","display_name":"Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symplectic Elements","raw_type":"Journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.4399999976158142}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2612690371","https://openalex.org/W2615105684","https://openalex.org/W2625627622","https://openalex.org/W2753783305","https://openalex.org/W2765325683","https://openalex.org/W2946559073","https://openalex.org/W2951831793","https://openalex.org/W2962763344","https://openalex.org/W2963618920","https://openalex.org/W2964043980","https://openalex.org/W2990595670","https://openalex.org/W2995191368","https://openalex.org/W2999905431","https://openalex.org/W3013124972","https://openalex.org/W3016169665","https://openalex.org/W3017123256","https://openalex.org/W3036703963","https://openalex.org/W3087196177","https://openalex.org/W3087391814","https://openalex.org/W3125012172","https://openalex.org/W3138153888","https://openalex.org/W6665801690","https://openalex.org/W6676935882","https://openalex.org/W6681499959","https://openalex.org/W6726983090","https://openalex.org/W6728757088","https://openalex.org/W6739088070","https://openalex.org/W6743056919","https://openalex.org/W6743821447","https://openalex.org/W6748556508","https://openalex.org/W6748626757","https://openalex.org/W6748786018","https://openalex.org/W6748805329","https://openalex.org/W6750462152","https://openalex.org/W6752600739","https://openalex.org/W6755204892","https://openalex.org/W6756840679","https://openalex.org/W6759110302","https://openalex.org/W6760825779","https://openalex.org/W6761059766","https://openalex.org/W6762462524","https://openalex.org/W6766784100","https://openalex.org/W6768537144","https://openalex.org/W6769647804","https://openalex.org/W6770634426","https://openalex.org/W6771533808","https://openalex.org/W6773640337","https://openalex.org/W6782722732","https://openalex.org/W6783965294","https://openalex.org/W6787633081"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4298221930","https://openalex.org/W1975467175","https://openalex.org/W2777914285","https://openalex.org/W3006513224","https://openalex.org/W2046456988","https://openalex.org/W2149537132","https://openalex.org/W3013363440","https://openalex.org/W1670566515","https://openalex.org/W641279757","https://openalex.org/W2357409937"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Federated":[1],"learning":[2,8],"(FL),":[3],"a":[4,14,82,95,182],"variant":[5],"of":[6,13,75,94,116],"distributed":[7,33],"(DL),":[9],"supports":[10],"the":[11,73,87,92,105,114,121,138,155,159,179],"training":[12,111],"shared":[15],"model":[16],"without":[17],"accessing":[18],"private":[19],"data":[20,42,140,148,185],"from":[21,72],"different":[22],"sources.":[23],"Despite":[24],"its":[25],"benefits":[26],"with":[27,86],"regard":[28],"to":[29,41,56,81,90,145],"privacy":[30,36],"preservation,":[31],"FL\u2019s":[32],"nature":[34],"and":[35,65,77,127,136,162,177],"constraints":[37],"make":[38],"it":[39,142],"vulnerable":[40],"poisoning":[43,149,186],"attacks.":[44],"Existing":[45],"defenses,":[46],"primarily":[47],"designed":[48],"for":[49],"DL,":[50,119],"are":[51,124],"typically":[52],"not":[53],"well":[54],"adapted":[55],"FL.":[57,99,152,171],"In":[58,67,172],"this":[59],"paper,":[60],"we":[61,70,157,174],"study":[62,101],"such":[63,168],"attacks":[64,150,169,187],"defenses.":[66],"doing":[68],"so,":[69],"start":[71],"perspective":[74],"DL":[76],"then":[78],"give":[79],"consideration":[80],"real-world":[83],"FL":[84,134,189],"scenario,":[85],"aim":[88],"being":[89],"explore":[91],"requisites":[93],"desirable":[96],"defense":[97,183],"in":[98,109,118,133,151,165,170,188,199],"Our":[100,191],"shows":[102],"that":[103,194],"(i)":[104],"batch":[106,131],"size":[107,132],"used":[108],"each":[110],"round":[112],"affects":[113],"effectiveness":[115],"defenses":[117,122,198],"(ii)":[120],"investigated":[123],"somewhat":[125],"effective":[126],"moderately":[128],"influenced":[129],"by":[130],"settings":[135],"(iii)":[137],"non-IID":[139],"makes":[141],"more":[143],"difficult":[144],"defend":[146],"against":[147,167,184],"Based":[153],"on":[154],"findings,":[156],"discuss":[158],"key":[160],"challenges":[161],"possible":[163],"directions":[164],"defending":[166],"addition,":[173],"propose":[175],"detect":[176],"suppress":[178],"potential":[180],"outliers(DSPO),":[181],"scenarios.":[190],"results":[192],"show":[193],"DSPO":[195],"outperforms":[196],"other":[197],"several":[200],"cases.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
