{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2952709061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bty204","title":"Pleiotropic mapping and annotation selection in genome-wide association studies with penalized Gaussian mixture models","display_name":"Pleiotropic mapping and annotation selection in genome-wide association studies with penalized Gaussian mixture models","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-04-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2952709061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bty204","mag":"2952709061","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29635306"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bty204","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bty204","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/34/16/2797/25441954/bty204.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/34/16/2797/25441954/bty204.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010438328","display_name":"Ping Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2710-3440"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177388780","display_name":"Xuzhou Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/04fe7hy80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177388780"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2710-3440","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177388780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008474331","display_name":"Xingjie Hao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1535-9860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingjie Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051489598","display_name":"Xiang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4331-7599"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051489598"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":{"value":3618,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3618},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2018,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92600298,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"16","first_page":"2797","last_page":"2807"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11468","display_name":"Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11213","display_name":"Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genome-wide-association-study","display_name":"Genome-wide association study","score":0.743441104888916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-association","display_name":"Genetic association","score":0.5832100510597229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pleiotropy","display_name":"Pleiotropy","score":0.5727757215499878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.4982926845550537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49667078256607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.4636228382587433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.4355704188346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.42163950204849243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-nucleotide-polymorphism","display_name":"Single-nucleotide polymorphism","score":0.4199192523956299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.32207274436950684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.3096166253089905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.23010778427124023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22156131267547607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenotype","display_name":"Phenotype","score":0.15535807609558105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genotype","display_name":"Genotype","score":0.08222195506095886}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106208931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1098876","display_name":"Genome-wide association study","level":5,"score":0.743441104888916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186413461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744727","display_name":"Genetic association","level":5,"score":0.5832100510597229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26207810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134884","display_name":"Pleiotropy","level":4,"score":0.5727757215499878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.4982926845550537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49667078256607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.4636228382587433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4355704188346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.42163950204849243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153209595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501128","display_name":"Single-nucleotide polymorphism","level":4,"score":0.4199192523956299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32207274436950684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.3096166253089905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.23010778427124023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22156131267547607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.15535807609558105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135763542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106016","display_name":"Genotype","level":3,"score":0.08222195506095886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016011","descriptor_name":"Normal Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016011","descriptor_name":"Normal Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016011","descriptor_name":"Normal Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bty204","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bty204","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/34/16/2797/25441954/bty204.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:29635306","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29635306","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5640752","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6084565","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bty204","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bty204","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/34/16/2797/25441954/bty204.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2697355040","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSF DMS1712933","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2785994511","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01GM126553","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2839323385","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NIH R01HG009124","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4522051720","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01HG009124","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7653734861","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 GM126553","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8248648848","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DMS1712933","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8254772073","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 HG009124","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337348","funder_display_name":"National Human Genome Research Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337348","display_name":"National Human Genome Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00baak391"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04q48ey07"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2952709061.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2952709061.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":102,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1014257459","https://openalex.org/W1481292562","https://openalex.org/W1514567872","https://openalex.org/W1563940013","https://openalex.org/W1598808289","https://openalex.org/W1844405070","https://openalex.org/W1923274812","https://openalex.org/W1952660301","https://openalex.org/W1963639770","https://openalex.org/W1966549856","https://openalex.org/W1977846646","https://openalex.org/W1980740976","https://openalex.org/W1983539381","https://openalex.org/W1996299724","https://openalex.org/W2007203150","https://openalex.org/W2018363492","https://openalex.org/W2018838463","https://openalex.org/W2019961888","https://openalex.org/W2020925091","https://openalex.org/W2025977797","https://openalex.org/W2027455260","https://openalex.org/W2029530775","https://openalex.org/W2029892338","https://openalex.org/W2030601559","https://openalex.org/W2032714982","https://openalex.org/W2044826047","https://openalex.org/W2045227722","https://openalex.org/W2050730569","https://openalex.org/W2054344444","https://openalex.org/W2056165766","https://openalex.org/W2058839223","https://openalex.org/W2065397672","https://openalex.org/W2068732691","https://openalex.org/W2073836327","https://openalex.org/W2074089196","https://openalex.org/W2076154138","https://openalex.org/W2080477348","https://openalex.org/W2090392937","https://openalex.org/W2095930129","https://openalex.org/W2099657218","https://openalex.org/W2101505979","https://openalex.org/W2106187803","https://openalex.org/W2110065044","https://openalex.org/W2110260027","https://openalex.org/W2113405648","https://openalex.org/W2115801316","https://openalex.org/W2117396697","https://openalex.org/W2117792884","https://openalex.org/W2121323687","https://openalex.org/W2122825543","https://openalex.org/W2124204548","https://openalex.org/W2126510876","https://openalex.org/W2127922938","https://openalex.org/W2134783591","https://openalex.org/W2135046866","https://openalex.org/W2139852368","https://openalex.org/W2142410561","https://openalex.org/W2142769596","https://openalex.org/W2143625465","https://openalex.org/W2148985208","https://openalex.org/W2152325859","https://openalex.org/W2152603994","https://openalex.org/W2159417227","https://openalex.org/W2160995259","https://openalex.org/W2161978970","https://openalex.org/W2165472661","https://openalex.org/W2170264612","https://openalex.org/W2171418097","https://openalex.org/W2171534908","https://openalex.org/W2171863224","https://openalex.org/W2189622420","https://openalex.org/W2195783463","https://openalex.org/W2225726427","https://openalex.org/W2259938310","https://openalex.org/W2315138803","https://openalex.org/W2331793113","https://openalex.org/W2332381854","https://openalex.org/W2335654271","https://openalex.org/W2400221198","https://openalex.org/W2401811918","https://openalex.org/W2424097553","https://openalex.org/W2471410861","https://openalex.org/W2522774247","https://openalex.org/W2531503851","https://openalex.org/W2559028527","https://openalex.org/W2560222628","https://openalex.org/W2563442740","https://openalex.org/W2564065264","https://openalex.org/W2565049056","https://openalex.org/W2581452190","https://openalex.org/W2593282276","https://openalex.org/W2604300069","https://openalex.org/W2622530291","https://openalex.org/W2725988230","https://openalex.org/W2951962793","https://openalex.org/W2951993085","https://openalex.org/W2952302453","https://openalex.org/W2962930609","https://openalex.org/W2962931338","https://openalex.org/W6640330755","https://openalex.org/W6702087338","https://openalex.org/W6729031620"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2468727035","https://openalex.org/W4283582241","https://openalex.org/W3208013927","https://openalex.org/W2594299395","https://openalex.org/W2066467839","https://openalex.org/W4377140172","https://openalex.org/W2111842731","https://openalex.org/W4387496861","https://openalex.org/W2170506381","https://openalex.org/W2941148476"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Motivation:":[0],"Genome-wide":[1],"association":[2,53,91,113,141,168,212,221],"studies":[3,169],"(GWASs)":[4],"have":[5],"identified":[6,19],"many":[7],"genetic":[8,38],"loci":[9,20],"associated":[10,22],"with":[11,23,67,145,170,240],"complex":[12,41],"traits.":[13,127],"A":[14],"substantial":[15],"fraction":[16],"of":[17,31,48,58,89,134,151,165,172,174,178,205,209,218,232],"these":[18],"is":[21,149,254],"multiple":[24,65],"traits-a":[25],"phenomena":[26],"known":[27],"as":[28,85],"pleiotropy.":[29],"Identification":[30],"pleiotropic":[32,52],"associations":[33],"can":[34,44,62],"help":[35],"characterize":[36],"the":[37,56,86,120,203,247],"relationship":[39,125],"among":[40],"traits":[42,66,234],"and":[43,118,176,196,215,251],"facilitate":[45],"our":[46],"understanding":[47],"disease":[49],"etiology.":[50],"Effective":[51],"mapping":[54,142,213],"requires":[55],"development":[57],"statistical":[59],"methods":[60],"that":[61],"jointly":[63],"model":[64],"genome-wide":[68,111,219],"single":[69],"nucleic":[70],"polymorphisms":[71],"(SNPs)":[72],"together.":[73],"Results:":[74],"We":[75],"develop":[76,181],"a":[77,100,131,146,156,229],"joint":[78,230],"modeling":[79,117],"method,":[80],"which":[81],"we":[82,180,201,224],"refer":[83],"to":[84,104,122,138,167,198,227],"integrative":[87],"MApping":[88],"Pleiotropic":[90],"(iMAP).":[92],"iMAP":[93,129,166,206,226,253],"models":[94],"summary":[95],"statistics":[96],"from":[97,155,235,246],"GWASs,":[98],"uses":[99],"multivariate":[101],"Gaussian":[102],"distribution":[103],"account":[105],"for":[106],"phenotypic":[107],"correlation,":[108],"simultaneously":[109],"infers":[110],"SNP":[112,135,220,243],"pattern":[114],"using":[115],"mixture":[116],"has":[119],"potential":[121],"reveal":[123],"causal":[124],"between":[126],"Importantly,":[128],"integrates":[130],"large":[132],"number":[133],"functional":[136],"annotations":[137,154,244],"substantially":[139],"improve":[140],"power,":[143],"and,":[144],"sparsity-inducing":[147],"penalty,":[148],"capable":[150],"selecting":[152],"informative":[153],"large,":[157],"potentially":[158],"non-informative":[159],"set.":[160],"To":[161],"enable":[162],"scalable":[163],"inference":[164],"hundreds":[171],"thousands":[173],"individuals":[175],"millions":[177],"SNPs,":[179],"an":[182,189],"efficient":[183],"expectation":[184],"maximization":[185],"algorithm":[186],"based":[187],"on":[188],"approximate":[190],"penalized":[191],"regression":[192],"algorithm.":[193],"With":[194],"simulations":[195],"comparisons":[197],"existing":[199],"methods,":[200],"illustrate":[202],"benefits":[204],"in":[207],"terms":[208],"both":[210],"high":[211],"power":[214],"accurate":[216],"estimation":[217],"patterns.":[222],"Finally,":[223],"apply":[225],"perform":[228],"analysis":[231],"48":[233],"31":[236],"GWAS":[237],"consortia":[238],"together":[239],"40":[241],"tissue-specific":[242],"generated":[245],"Roadmap":[248],"Project.":[249],"Availability":[250],"implementation:":[252],"freely":[255],"available":[256,264],"at":[257,265],"http://www.xzlab.org/software.html.":[258],"Supplementary":[259,261],"information:":[260],"data":[262],"are":[263],"Bioinformatics":[266],"online.":[267]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
