{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2570396940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btw745","title":"Exploring the predictive power of polygenic scores derived from genome-wide association studies: a study of 10 complex traits","display_name":"Exploring the predictive power of polygenic scores derived from genome-wide association studies: a study of 10 complex traits","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-11-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2570396940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btw745","mag":"2570396940","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28065900"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btw745","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btw745","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/33/6/886/25147874/btw745.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/33/6/886/25147874/btw745.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010652735","display_name":"Hon\u2010Cheong So","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7102-833X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18489884","display_name":"Kunming Institute of Zoology","ror":"https://ror.org/03m0vk445","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18489884","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hon-Cheong So","raw_affiliation_strings":["KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common Diseases, Kunming Zoology Institute of Zoology and Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common Diseases, Kunming Zoology Institute of Zoology and Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18489884","https://openalex.org/I177725633"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018516395","display_name":"Pak C. Sham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2533-7270"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pak C Sham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Genomic Sciences, University of Hong Kong, PokFuLam, Hong Kong","Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth, University of Hong Kong, PokFuLam, Hong Kong","Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, PokFuLam, Hong Kong","State Key Laboratory for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Hong Kong, PokFuLam, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Genomic Sciences, University of Hong Kong, PokFuLam, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth, University of Hong Kong, PokFuLam, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, PokFuLam, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Hong Kong, PokFuLam, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010652735","https://openalex.org/A5018516395"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I18489884","https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"apc_list":{"value":3618,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3618},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0502,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93858698,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"6","first_page":"886","last_page":"892"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14393","display_name":"Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genome-wide-association-study","display_name":"Genome-wide association study","score":0.6862392425537109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-power","display_name":"Predictive power","score":0.5863311290740967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schizophrenia","display_name":"Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming)","score":0.5801452994346619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-positive-paradox","display_name":"False positive paradox","score":0.507616400718689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.4676240086555481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/major-depressive-disorder","display_name":"Major depressive disorder","score":0.4420930743217468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-association","display_name":"Genetic association","score":0.4178898334503174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-value","display_name":"Predictive value","score":0.41365525126457214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.38347986340522766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-psychology","display_name":"Clinical psychology","score":0.3809831738471985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.3015323281288147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.2953636646270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry","display_name":"Psychiatry","score":0.28393417596817017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2569354176521301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-nucleotide-polymorphism","display_name":"Single-nucleotide polymorphism","score":0.22438722848892212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.22048142552375793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10187199711799622}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106208931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1098876","display_name":"Genome-wide association study","level":5,"score":0.6862392425537109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778136018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10350689","display_name":"Predictive power","level":2,"score":0.5863311290740967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776412080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431605","display_name":"Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming)","level":2,"score":0.5801452994346619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64869954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1859747","display_name":"False positive paradox","level":2,"score":0.507616400718689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.4676240086555481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780051608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42844","display_name":"Major depressive disorder","level":3,"score":0.4420930743217468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186413461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744727","display_name":"Genetic association","level":5,"score":0.4178898334503174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019719930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3910099","display_name":"Predictive value","level":2,"score":0.41365525126457214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.38347986340522766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.3809831738471985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3015323281288147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2953636646270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.28393417596817017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2569354176521301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153209595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501128","display_name":"Single-nucleotide polymorphism","level":4,"score":0.22438722848892212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.22048142552375793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10187199711799622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135763542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106016","display_name":"Genotype","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780733359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331769","display_name":"Mood","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001714","descriptor_name":"Bipolar Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001714","descriptor_name":"Bipolar Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001714","descriptor_name":"Bipolar Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001714","descriptor_name":"Bipolar Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001714","descriptor_name":"Bipolar Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001714","descriptor_name":"Bipolar Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003324","descriptor_name":"Coronary Artery Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003324","descriptor_name":"Coronary Artery Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003324","descriptor_name":"Coronary Artery Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003324","descriptor_name":"Coronary Artery Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003324","descriptor_name":"Coronary Artery Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003324","descriptor_name":"Coronary Artery Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003865","descriptor_name":"Major Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003865","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder, Major","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003865","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder, Major","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003865","descriptor_name":"Major Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003865","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder, Major","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003865","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder, Major","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012306","descriptor_name":"Risk","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012306","descriptor_name":"Risk","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012306","descriptor_name":"Risk","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012559","descriptor_name":"Schizophrenia","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012559","descriptor_name":"Schizophrenia","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012559","descriptor_name":"Schizophrenia","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012559","descriptor_name":"Schizophrenia","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012559","descriptor_name":"Schizophrenia","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012559","descriptor_name":"Schizophrenia","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020022","descriptor_name":"Genetic Predisposition to Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020022","descriptor_name":"Genetic Predisposition to Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020022","descriptor_name":"Genetic Predisposition to Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020412","descriptor_name":"Multifactorial Inheritance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020412","descriptor_name":"Multifactorial Inheritance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020412","descriptor_name":"Multifactorial Inheritance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D023281","descriptor_name":"Genomics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D023281","descriptor_name":"Genomics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D023281","descriptor_name":"Genomics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btw745","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btw745","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/33/6/886/25147874/btw745.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:28065900","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28065900","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:hub.hku.hk:10722/248610","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10722/248610","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196271","display_name":"The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","host_organization_name":"University of Hong Kong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btw745","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btw745","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/33/6/886/25147874/btw745.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1040906197","https://openalex.org/W1510659740","https://openalex.org/W1524375783","https://openalex.org/W1627352250","https://openalex.org/W1824047490","https://openalex.org/W1963673462","https://openalex.org/W1993588417","https://openalex.org/W1993849688","https://openalex.org/W1996213317","https://openalex.org/W1997338841","https://openalex.org/W2015810892","https://openalex.org/W2020663825","https://openalex.org/W2045017910","https://openalex.org/W2048011602","https://openalex.org/W2065692954","https://openalex.org/W2071759640","https://openalex.org/W2074089196","https://openalex.org/W2080752222","https://openalex.org/W2095512478","https://openalex.org/W2097572487","https://openalex.org/W2097656361","https://openalex.org/W2098597355","https://openalex.org/W2099085143","https://openalex.org/W2100963504","https://openalex.org/W2101357408","https://openalex.org/W2104549677","https://openalex.org/W2112316706","https://openalex.org/W2119910794","https://openalex.org/W2153118028","https://openalex.org/W2154809500","https://openalex.org/W2169795969","https://openalex.org/W2225089805","https://openalex.org/W2236290736","https://openalex.org/W2430277817","https://openalex.org/W6675163949","https://openalex.org/W6690046559","https://openalex.org/W6717598211"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387497383","https://openalex.org/W3173606202","https://openalex.org/W3110381201","https://openalex.org/W2948807893","https://openalex.org/W2778153218","https://openalex.org/W1531601525","https://openalex.org/W2417983495","https://openalex.org/W1987864620","https://openalex.org/W2102662693","https://openalex.org/W2971960987"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Motivation:":[0],"It":[1],"is":[2],"hoped":[3],"that":[4,168],"advances":[5],"in":[6,9,35,126,237],"our":[7],"knowledge":[8],"disease":[10,67,146],"genomics":[11],"will":[12],"contribute":[13],"to":[14,77,196,208,227,232],"personalized":[15],"medicine":[16],"such":[17],"as":[18,117],"individualized":[19],"preventive":[20],"strategies":[21],"or":[22],"early":[23],"diagnoses":[24],"of":[25,30,54,65,81,95,121,133,172,220],"diseases.":[26],"With":[27],"the":[28,36,51,122,130,169,190,201,210,245],"growth":[29],"genome-wide":[31],"association":[32],"studies":[33],"(GWAS)":[34],"past":[37],"decade,":[38],"how":[39],"far":[40],"have":[41,233],"we":[42,49],"reached":[43],"this":[44,47],"goal?":[45],"In":[46],"study":[48],"explored":[50,129],"predictive":[52,79,131,170,202,247],"ability":[53,171],"polygenic":[55],"risk":[56],"scores":[57],"(PRSs)":[58],"derived":[59],"from":[60,194,225],"GWAS":[61],"for":[62,99,135,174,187,204],"a":[63,74],"range":[64],"complex":[66,137],"and":[68,103,112,150,163,176,184,243],"traits.":[69,255],"Results:":[70],"We":[71,128,166],"first":[72],"proposed":[73],"new":[75],"approach":[76,107,123],"evaluate":[78],"performances":[80],"PRS":[82,134,173],"at":[83,249,266],"arbitrary":[84],"P":[85,251],"-value":[86],"thresholds.":[87],"The":[88,119],"method":[89],"was":[90,124,206],"based":[91],"on":[92],"corrected":[93],"estimates":[94],"effect":[96],"sizes,":[97],"accounting":[98],"possible":[100],"false":[101],"positives":[102],"selection":[104],"bias.":[105],"This":[106],"requires":[108,114],"no":[109],"distributional":[110],"assumptions":[111],"only":[113],"summary":[115],"statistics":[116],"input.":[118],"validity":[120],"verified":[125],"simulations.":[127],"power":[132,203,248],"ten":[136],"traits,":[138],"including":[139],"type":[140],"2":[141],"diabetes":[142],"(DM),":[143],"coronary":[144],"artery":[145],"(CAD),":[147],"triglycerides,":[148],"high-":[149],"low-density":[151],"lipoprotein,":[152],"total":[153],"cholesterol,":[154],"schizophrenia":[155],"(SCZ),":[156],"bipolar":[157],"disorder":[158,162],"(BD),":[159],"major":[160],"depressive":[161],"anxiety":[164],"disorders.":[165],"found":[167],"CAD":[175],"DM":[177],"were":[178],"modest":[179],"(best":[180,212],"AUC":[181,213,238],"=":[182],"0.608":[183],"0.607)":[185],"while":[186],"lipid":[188],"traits":[189,230],"prediction":[191],"R-squared":[192],"ranged":[193,224],"16.1":[195],"29.8%.":[197],"For":[198],"psychiatric":[199,222],"disorders,":[200],"SCZ":[205],"estimated":[207],"be":[209],"highest":[211],"0.820),":[214],"followed":[215],"by":[216],"BD.":[217],"Predictive":[218],"performance":[219],"other":[221],"disorders":[223],"0.543":[226],"0.585.":[228],"Psychiatric":[229],"tend":[231],"more":[234],"gradual":[235],"rise":[236],"when":[239],"significance":[240],"thresholds":[241],"increase":[242],"achieve":[244],"best":[246],"higher":[250],"-values":[252],"than":[253],"cardiometabolic":[254],"Contact:":[256],"hcso@cuhk.edu.hk":[257],";":[258],"pcsham@hku.hk.":[259],"Supplementary":[260,262],"information:":[261],"data":[263],"are":[264],"available":[265],"Bioinformatics":[267],"online.":[268]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-13T07:31:44.756512","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
