{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2513235972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btw454","title":"Characterizing leader sequences of CRISPR loci","display_name":"Characterizing leader sequences of CRISPR loci","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-08-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2513235972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btw454","mag":"2513235972","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27587677"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btw454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btw454","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/32/17/i576/49024815/bioinformatics_32_17_i576.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/32/17/i576/49024815/bioinformatics_32_17_i576.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008400965","display_name":"Omer S. Alkhnbashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8088-590X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161046081","display_name":"University of Freiburg","ror":"https://ror.org/0245cg223","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omer S Alkhnbashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003808615","display_name":"Shiraz A. Shah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4665-577X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","display_name":"University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/035b05819","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiraz A Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Archaea Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen N, DK2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Archaea Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen N, DK2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103393517","display_name":"Roger A. Garrett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8452-9099"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","display_name":"University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/035b05819","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roger A Garrett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Archaea Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen N, DK2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Archaea Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen N, DK2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065918973","display_name":"Sita J. Saunders","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2243-5422"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161046081","display_name":"University of Freiburg","ror":"https://ror.org/0245cg223","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sita J Saunders","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064539521","display_name":"Fabrizio Costa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4900-995X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161046081","display_name":"University of Freiburg","ror":"https://ror.org/0245cg223","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fabrizio Costa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017672883","display_name":"Rolf Backofen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8231-3323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161046081","display_name":"University of Freiburg","ror":"https://ror.org/0245cg223","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rolf Backofen","raw_affiliation_strings":["BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Cluster of Excellence, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany","Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Cluster of Excellence, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017672883","https://openalex.org/A5064539521"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"],"apc_list":{"value":3989,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3989},"apc_paid":{"value":3989,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3989},"fwci":4.5034,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":88,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95255641,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"17","first_page":"i576","last_page":"i585"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10878","display_name":"CRISPR and Genetic Engineering","score":0.913100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10878","display_name":"CRISPR and Genetic Engineering","score":0.913100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10120","display_name":"Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology","score":0.04270000010728836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10303","display_name":"Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms","score":0.00559999980032444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crispr","display_name":"CRISPR","score":0.9006622433662415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5596315860748291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.5169193744659424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.4062816798686981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.3909337520599365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene","display_name":"Gene","score":0.18133002519607544}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98108389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412563","display_name":"CRISPR","level":3,"score":0.9006622433662415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5596315860748291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.5169193744659424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.4062816798686981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3909337520599365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.18133002519607544}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001105","descriptor_name":"Archaea","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001105","descriptor_name":"Archaea","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001105","descriptor_name":"Archaea","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001483","descriptor_name":"Base Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001483","descriptor_name":"Base Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001483","descriptor_name":"Base Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016415","descriptor_name":"Sequence Alignment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016415","descriptor_name":"Sequence Alignment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016415","descriptor_name":"Sequence Alignment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017124","descriptor_name":"Conserved Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017124","descriptor_name":"Conserved Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017124","descriptor_name":"Conserved Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056426","descriptor_name":"Genetic Loci","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056426","descriptor_name":"Genetic Loci","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056426","descriptor_name":"Genetic Loci","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064112","descriptor_name":"Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064112","descriptor_name":"Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064112","descriptor_name":"Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064113","descriptor_name":"CRISPR-Cas Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064113","descriptor_name":"CRISPR-Cas Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064113","descriptor_name":"CRISPR-Cas Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btw454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btw454","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/32/17/i576/49024815/bioinformatics_32_17_i576.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:27587677","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27587677","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:freidok.uni-freiburg.de:13075","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://freidok.uni-freiburg.de/data/13075","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401057","display_name":"FreiDok plus (Universit\u00e4tsbibliothek Freiburg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I161046081","host_organization_name":"University of Freiburg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics. 32 (2016), i576\u2013i585, DOI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw454, ISSN: 1460-2059","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:bioinfo:32/17/i576","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/32/17/i576","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923041","display_name":"HighWire Press Open Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"TEXT"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/9346bd71-5490-417d-a63d-5aa97dc28eed","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://researchprofiles.ku.dk/da/publications/9346bd71-5490-417d-a63d-5aa97dc28eed","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401983","display_name":"Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","host_organization_name":"University of Copenhagen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Alkhnbashi , O , Shah , S A , Garrett , R A , Saunders , S J , Costa , F & Backofen , R 2016 , ' Characterizing leader sequences of CRISPR loci ' , Bioinformatics , vol. 32 , no. 17 , pp. i576-i585 . https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btw454","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btw454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btw454","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/32/17/i576/49024815/bioinformatics_32_17_i576.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6096545284","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FOR1680","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8745978820","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FOR1680","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308022","funder_display_name":"California Department of Fish and Game"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308022","display_name":"California Department of Fish and Game","ror":"https://ror.org/02v6w2r95"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2513235972.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2513235972.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W363291993","https://openalex.org/W1525072270","https://openalex.org/W1577973179","https://openalex.org/W1954044701","https://openalex.org/W1967046461","https://openalex.org/W1969479889","https://openalex.org/W1977429572","https://openalex.org/W1996041031","https://openalex.org/W2007153971","https://openalex.org/W2010986636","https://openalex.org/W2012688574","https://openalex.org/W2015555968","https://openalex.org/W2020816856","https://openalex.org/W2029467110","https://openalex.org/W2033403400","https://openalex.org/W2036516444","https://openalex.org/W2053019594","https://openalex.org/W2059363769","https://openalex.org/W2063376698","https://openalex.org/W2071195434","https://openalex.org/W2074231493","https://openalex.org/W2074862753","https://openalex.org/W2077190448","https://openalex.org/W2095745609","https://openalex.org/W2096261947","https://openalex.org/W2120546567","https://openalex.org/W2124166542","https://openalex.org/W2127774996","https://openalex.org/W2135689945","https://openalex.org/W2137476097","https://openalex.org/W2138122982","https://openalex.org/W2143485490","https://openalex.org/W2149594762","https://openalex.org/W2149635735","https://openalex.org/W2149751339","https://openalex.org/W2153992812","https://openalex.org/W2162049340","https://openalex.org/W2170960297","https://openalex.org/W2199695484","https://openalex.org/W2249556200","https://openalex.org/W6649240536","https://openalex.org/W6655478935","https://openalex.org/W6668953972","https://openalex.org/W6674434620"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2082860237","https://openalex.org/W4293199045","https://openalex.org/W2405656580","https://openalex.org/W3162049976","https://openalex.org/W2642604616","https://openalex.org/W4213036952","https://openalex.org/W4377030018"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"MOTIVATION:":[0],"The":[1,21],"CRISPR-Cas":[2,25],"system":[3,8],"is":[4,27,85],"an":[5],"adaptive":[6],"immune":[7],"in":[9,30],"many":[10],"archaea":[11,175],"and":[12,40,68,148,165,176,231],"bacteria,":[13,177],"which":[14,31],"provides":[15,187],"resistance":[16],"against":[17],"invading":[18],"genetic":[19,38],"elements.":[20],"first":[22],"phase":[23],"of":[24,58,71,89,114,124,143,160,170,191],"immunity":[26],"called":[28,52],"adaptation,":[29],"small":[32],"DNA":[33],"fragments":[34],"are":[35,41,75,240,252],"excised":[36],"from":[37,82,108,179,224],"elements":[39],"inserted":[42],"into":[43],"a":[44,130,161,188],"CRISPR":[45,73,146,193],"array":[46,74,147],"generally":[47],"adjacent":[48,145],"to":[49,120,132,157,174,182,209],"its":[50,195],"so":[51],"leader":[53,135,171,203,222,238],"sequence":[54,90,125,233],"at":[55,242,254],"one":[56],"end":[57],"the":[59,72,78,140,144,158,192],"array.":[60],"It":[61],"has":[62,116],"been":[63,102],"shown":[64],"that":[65,205],"transcription":[66],"initiation":[67,106],"adaptation":[69],"signals":[70],"located":[76],"within":[77],"leader.":[79],"However,":[80],"apart":[81],"promoters,":[83],"there":[84],"very":[86],"little":[87],"knowledge":[88],"or":[91,94,246],"structural":[92],"motifs":[93],"their":[95,121],"possible":[96],"functions.":[97],"Leader":[98],"properties":[99,169],"have":[100],"mainly":[101],"characterized":[103],"through":[104],"transcriptional":[105],"data":[107,251],"single":[109],"organisms":[110],"but":[111],"large-scale":[112],"characterization":[113],"leaders":[115],"remained":[117],"challenging":[118],"due":[119],"low":[122],"level":[123],"conservation.":[126],"RESULTS:":[127],"We":[128,153],"developed":[129],"method":[131],"successfully":[133],"detect":[134],"sequences":[136,172],"by":[137],"focusing":[138],"on":[139],"consensus":[141],"repeat":[142],"weak":[149],"upstream":[150],"conservation":[151],"signals.":[152],"applied":[154],"our":[155,225],"tool":[156],"analysis":[159],"comprehensive":[162],"genomic":[163],"database":[164],"identified":[166],"several":[167],"characteristic":[168],"specific":[173],"ranging":[178],"distinctive":[180],"sizes":[181],"preferential":[183],"indel":[184],"localization.":[185],"CRISPRleader":[186,230],"full":[189],"annotation":[190],"array,":[194],"strand":[196],"orientation":[197],"as":[198,200],"well":[199],"conserved":[201,221],"core":[202],"boundaries":[204],"can":[206],"be":[207],"uploaded":[208],"any":[210],"genome":[211],"browser.":[212],"In":[213],"addition,":[214],"it":[215],"outputs":[216],"reader-friendly":[217],"HTML":[218],"pages":[219],"for":[220,235],"clusters":[223,239],"database.":[226],"AVAILABILITY":[227],"AND":[228],"IMPLEMENTATION:":[229],"multiple":[232],"alignments":[234],"all":[236],"195":[237],"available":[241,253],"http://www.bioinf.uni-freiburg.de/Software/CRISPRleader/":[243],"CONTACT:":[244],"costa@informatik.uni-freiburg.de":[245],"backofen@informatik.uni-freiburg.de":[247],"SUPPLEMENTARY":[248],"INFORMATION:":[249],"Supplementary":[250],"Bioinformatics":[255],"online.":[256]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-09T07:26:56.047234","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}