{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2161620511","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts444","title":"GAPIT: genome association and prediction integrated tool","display_name":"GAPIT: genome association and prediction integrated tool","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-07-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2161620511","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts444","mag":"2161620511","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22796960"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bts444","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts444","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/28/18/2397/48881198/bioinformatics_28_18_2397.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/28/18/2397/48881198/bioinformatics_28_18_2397.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071000917","display_name":"Alexander E. Lipka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1571-8528"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alexander E. Lipka","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Computational Biologist with the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 2Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 3Department of Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, 4Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 5Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China and 6US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Computational Biologist with the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 2Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 3Department of Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, 4Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 5Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China and 6US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I1336096307","https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061736056","display_name":"Feng Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3552-4536"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Computational Biologist with the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 2Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 3Department of Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, 4Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 5Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China and 6US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Computational Biologist with the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 2Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 3Department of Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, 4Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 5Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China and 6US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I1336096307","https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009588850","display_name":"Qishan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6475-0009"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qishan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Computational Biologist with the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 2Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 3Department of Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, 4Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 5Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China and 6US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Computational Biologist with the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 2Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 3Department of Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, 4Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 5Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China and 6US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I1336096307","https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046582632","display_name":"Jason A. Peiffer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason Peiffer","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Computational Biologist with the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 2Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 3Department of Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, 4Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 5Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China and 6US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Computational Biologist with the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 2Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 3Department of Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, 4Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 5Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China and 6US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I1336096307","https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100608923","display_name":"Meng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9936-8563"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Computational Biologist with the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 2Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 3Department of Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, 4Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 5Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China and 6US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Computational Biologist with the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 2Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 3Department of Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, 4Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 5Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China and 6US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I1336096307","https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016657089","display_name":"Peter J. Bradbury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3825-8480"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter J. Bradbury","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Computational Biologist with the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 2Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 3Department of Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, 4Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 5Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China and 6US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Computational Biologist with the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 2Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 3Department of Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, 4Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 5Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China and 6US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I1336096307","https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001644139","display_name":"Michael A. Gore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6896-8024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael A. Gore","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Computational Biologist with the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 2Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 3Department of Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, 4Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 5Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China and 6US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Computational Biologist with the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 2Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 3Department of Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, 4Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 5Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China and 6US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I1336096307","https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020150778","display_name":"Edward S. Buckler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3100-371X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward S. Buckler","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Computational Biologist with the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 2Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 3Department of Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, 4Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 5Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China and 6US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Computational Biologist with the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 2Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 3Department of Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, 4Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 5Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China and 6US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I1336096307","https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065237213","display_name":"Zhiwu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5784-9684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiwu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Computational Biologist with the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 2Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 3Department of Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, 4Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 5Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China and 6US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Computational Biologist with the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 2Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 3Department of Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, 4Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 5Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China and 6US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I1336096307","https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071000917"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119454577","https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307","https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"apc_list":{"value":3618,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3618},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":27.9534,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2338,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99757783,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"18","first_page":"2397","last_page":"2399"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11468","display_name":"Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11468","display_name":"Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10594","display_name":"Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7105711698532104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/r-package","display_name":"R package","score":0.6738375425338745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5978041887283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5918858647346497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.542971670627594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3710732161998749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.10918885469436646}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7105711698532104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984074130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73539779","display_name":"R package","level":2,"score":0.6738375425338745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5978041887283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5918858647346497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.542971670627594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3710732161998749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.10918885469436646}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016014","descriptor_name":"Linear Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016014","descriptor_name":"Linear Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016014","descriptor_name":"Linear Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D023281","descriptor_name":"Genomics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D023281","descriptor_name":"Genomics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D023281","descriptor_name":"Genomics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bts444","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts444","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/28/18/2397/48881198/bioinformatics_28_18_2397.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22796960","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22796960","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.1018.9410","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.1018.9410","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2012/07/13/bioinformatics.bts444.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bts444","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts444","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/28/18/2397/48881198/bioinformatics_28_18_2397.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.4399999976158142}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4463732203","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DBI-0922493","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5364546740","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0922493","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8746678140","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0820619","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332605","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2161620511.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2161620511.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1928998639","https://openalex.org/W1991189546","https://openalex.org/W2025621308","https://openalex.org/W2043695363","https://openalex.org/W2044973108","https://openalex.org/W2067715889","https://openalex.org/W2088486634","https://openalex.org/W2102087753","https://openalex.org/W2110035718","https://openalex.org/W2110065044","https://openalex.org/W2127684760","https://openalex.org/W2134036574","https://openalex.org/W2134070988","https://openalex.org/W2141916112","https://openalex.org/W2161633633"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4205762803","https://openalex.org/W2754214645","https://openalex.org/W2535856026","https://openalex.org/W2265065644","https://openalex.org/W2134699697","https://openalex.org/W3017188156","https://openalex.org/W2322875716","https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W2383516975","https://openalex.org/W2374878784"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Supplementary":[0],"data":[1],"are":[2],"available":[3],"at":[4],"Bioinformatics":[5],"online.":[6]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":57},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":178},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":251},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":235},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":270},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":323},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":309},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":210},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":135},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":115},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":117},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":70},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
