{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2121910009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btg063","title":"The estimation of relative site variability among aligned homologous protein sequences","display_name":"The estimation of relative site variability among aligned homologous protein sequences","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-03-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2121910009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btg063","mag":"2121910009","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12651718"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btg063","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btg063","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/19/5/600/659703/btg063.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/19/5/600/659703/btg063.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032504955","display_name":"David S. Horner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6739-2657"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","display_name":"University of Milan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. S. Horner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Biochimica Generale, Universita di Milano, 20113 Milano, Italy","Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Biochimica Generale, Universita#N#di Milano, 20113 Milano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Biochimica Generale, Universita di Milano, 20113 Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Biochimica Generale, Universita#N#di Milano, 20113 Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005312066","display_name":"Graziano Pesole","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3663-0859"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","display_name":"University of Milan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Pesole","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Biochimica Generale, Universita di Milano, 20113 Milano, Italy","Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Biochimica Generale, Universita#N#di Milano, 20113 Milano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Biochimica Generale, Universita di Milano, 20113 Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Biochimica Generale, Universita#N#di Milano, 20113 Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"],"apc_list":{"value":3618,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3618},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0262,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74725322,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"5","first_page":"600","last_page":"606"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10015","display_name":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","score":0.9333000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10015","display_name":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","score":0.9333000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13664","display_name":"Genome Rearrangement Algorithms","score":0.015399999916553497,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11354","display_name":"Evolution and Paleontology Studies","score":0.012600000016391277,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1911","display_name":"Paleontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phylogenetic-tree","display_name":"Phylogenetic tree","score":0.7428919076919556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-likelihood","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","score":0.5832388401031494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substitution","display_name":"Substitution (logic)","score":0.5566238760948181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","score":0.5511823892593384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.5508789420127869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-superfamily","display_name":"Protein superfamily","score":0.5381698608398438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4337364435195923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.42843493819236755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.410683810710907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.3768092393875122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.34287208318710327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3379943370819092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.31067216396331787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1939324140548706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.14328256249427795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene","display_name":"Gene","score":0.09815764427185059}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193252679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242125","display_name":"Phylogenetic tree","level":3,"score":0.7428919076919556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49781872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045555","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","level":2,"score":0.5832388401031494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778220771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1522579","display_name":"Substitution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.5566238760948181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5511823892593384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.5508789420127869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178180057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7251477","display_name":"Protein superfamily","level":3,"score":0.5381698608398438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4337364435195923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.42843493819236755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.410683810710907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3768092393875122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.34287208318710327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3379943370819092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.31067216396331787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1939324140548706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.14328256249427795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.09815764427185059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000595","descriptor_name":"Amino Acid Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000595","descriptor_name":"Amino Acid Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000595","descriptor_name":"Amino Acid Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005787","descriptor_name":"Gene Frequency","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005787","descriptor_name":"Gene Frequency","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005787","descriptor_name":"Gene Frequency","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008957","descriptor_name":"Models, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008957","descriptor_name":"Models, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008957","descriptor_name":"Models, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008969","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Data","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008969","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Data","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008969","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Data","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011786","descriptor_name":"Quality Control","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011786","descriptor_name":"Quality Control","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011786","descriptor_name":"Quality Control","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014644","descriptor_name":"Genetic Variation","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014644","descriptor_name":"Genetic Variation","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014644","descriptor_name":"Genetic Variation","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016415","descriptor_name":"Sequence Alignment","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016415","descriptor_name":"Sequence Alignment","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016415","descriptor_name":"Sequence Alignment","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017385","descriptor_name":"Sequence Homology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017385","descriptor_name":"Sequence Homology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017385","descriptor_name":"Sequence Homology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020539","descriptor_name":"Sequence Analysis, Protein","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020539","descriptor_name":"Sequence Analysis, Protein","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020539","descriptor_name":"Sequence Analysis, Protein","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btg063","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btg063","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/19/5/600/659703/btg063.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:12651718","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12651718","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:ricerca.uniba.it:11586/86493","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11586/86493","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196296","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Bari Aldo Moro)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5561750","host_organization_name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:100599","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/100599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402478","display_name":"INFM-OAR (INFN Catania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210116497","host_organization_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btg063","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btg063","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/19/5/600/659703/btg063.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2121910009.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2121910009.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1497994697","https://openalex.org/W1511807438","https://openalex.org/W1981737570","https://openalex.org/W1987624822","https://openalex.org/W2005353254","https://openalex.org/W2008616641","https://openalex.org/W2014928650","https://openalex.org/W2027865948","https://openalex.org/W2043469388","https://openalex.org/W2046602549","https://openalex.org/W2125359798","https://openalex.org/W2143776567","https://openalex.org/W2146213764","https://openalex.org/W2147660889","https://openalex.org/W2150693733","https://openalex.org/W2152529266","https://openalex.org/W2155935262","https://openalex.org/W2164789250","https://openalex.org/W2164997158","https://openalex.org/W2170675417","https://openalex.org/W3217097258","https://openalex.org/W4206612593"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2379444625","https://openalex.org/W2393147081","https://openalex.org/W2575869988","https://openalex.org/W4308647020","https://openalex.org/W2370088286","https://openalex.org/W2385568494","https://openalex.org/W2038132579","https://openalex.org/W2042068218","https://openalex.org/W4327590948","https://openalex.org/W2090308851"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"MOTIVATION:":[0],"Maximum":[1],"likelihood-based":[2],"methods":[3],"to":[4,44,79,93,130],"estimate":[5,45],"site":[6,8,151,153,201],"by":[7,152],"substitution":[9,155],"rate":[10],"variability":[11,33,48,110,202],"in":[12,77,164,203],"aligned":[13],"homologous":[14,56],"protein":[15,57],"sequences":[16,74],"rely":[17],"on":[18],"the":[19,29,46,82,105,125,160,165,171,182,196],"formulation":[20],"of":[21,31,49,55,108,127,132,146,167,184,199],"a":[22,35,40,121,133],"phylogenetic":[23,41],"tree":[24],"and":[25,206],"generally":[26],"assume":[27],"that":[28,67,87,131,137,194],"patterns":[30],"relative":[32,47,109,154,200],"follow":[34],"pre-determined":[36],"distribution.":[37],"We":[38,114],"present":[39],"tree-independent":[42],"method":[43,136,149,176],"individual":[50],"sites":[51],"within":[52],"large":[53],"datasets":[54],"sequences.":[58,174],"It":[59],"is":[60],"based":[61],"upon":[62],"two":[63,71],"simple":[64],"assumptions.":[65],"Firstly":[66],"substitutions":[68,91],"observed":[69],"between":[70,111,173],"closely":[72],"related":[73],"are":[75],"likely,":[76],"general,":[78],"occur":[80,94],"at":[81,95],"most":[83],"variable":[84,97],"sites.":[85,98,112],"Secondly":[86],"non-conservative":[88],"amino":[89],"acid":[90],"tend":[92],"more":[96,157],"Our":[99,175],"methodology":[100],"makes":[101],"no":[102],"assumptions":[103,169],"regarding":[104],"underlying":[106],"pattern":[107],"RESULTS:":[113],"have":[115,189],"compared,":[116],"using":[117],"data":[118],"simulated":[119],"under":[120],"non-gamma":[122],"distributed":[123,140],"model,":[124],"performance":[126],"this":[128],"approach":[129,163],"maximum":[134,161],"likelihood":[135,162],"assumes":[138],"gamma":[139],"rates.":[141],"At":[142],"low":[143],"mean":[144],"rates":[145,156],"evolution":[147],"our":[148],"inferred":[150],"accurately":[158],"than":[159],"absence":[166],"prior":[168],"about":[170],"relationships":[172],"does":[177],"not":[178],"directly":[179],"account":[180],"for":[181],"effects":[183],"mutational":[185],"saturation,":[186],"However,":[187],"we":[188],"incorporated":[190],"an":[191],"'ad-hoc'":[192],"modification":[193],"allows":[195],"accurate":[197],"estimation":[198],"fast":[204],"evolving":[205],"saturated":[207],"datasets.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
