{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411759573","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaf362","title":"FusionEncoder: identification of intrinsically disordered regions based on multi-feature fusion","display_name":"FusionEncoder: identification of intrinsically disordered regions based on multi-feature fusion","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411759573","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaf362","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40577786"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btaf362","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaf362","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/41/7/btaf362/63528026/btaf362.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/41/7/btaf362/63528026/btaf362.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077536816","display_name":"Sicen Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6608-7442"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152380","display_name":"Shenzhen Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzpec27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sicen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["SMBU-MSU-BIT Joint Laboratory on Bioinformatics and Engineering Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172,","SMBU-MSU-BIT Joint Laboratory on Bioinformatics and Engineering Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China","Shenzhen MSU-BIT University SMBU-MSU-BIT Joint Laboratory on Bioinformatics and Engineering Biology, , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6608-7442","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SMBU-MSU-BIT Joint Laboratory on Bioinformatics and Engineering Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SMBU-MSU-BIT Joint Laboratory on Bioinformatics and Engineering Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen MSU-BIT University SMBU-MSU-BIT Joint Laboratory on Bioinformatics and Engineering Biology, , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102962088","display_name":"Shutao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6188-2631"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202334528","display_name":"Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdzh226","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202334528"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shutao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081,","School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I202334528"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016991967","display_name":"Tao Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1183-8207"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202334528","display_name":"Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdzh226","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202334528"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102412","display_name":"Yan'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dyr7034","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210102412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081,","School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Yan'an University , Shaanxi 716000,","School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China","School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Yan'an University, Shaanxi 716000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I202334528"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Yan'an University , Shaanxi 716000,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102412"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Yan'an University, Shaanxi 716000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102412"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100395591","display_name":"Bin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3685-9469"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202334528","display_name":"Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdzh226","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202334528"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086710","display_name":"Beijing Academy of Social Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/003ayef58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086710"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152380","display_name":"Shenzhen Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzpec27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["SMBU-MSU-BIT Joint Laboratory on Bioinformatics and Engineering Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172,","School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081,","Zhongguancun Academy , Beijing 100094,","SMBU-MSU-BIT Joint Laboratory on Bioinformatics and Engineering Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China","Shenzhen MSU-BIT University SMBU-MSU-BIT Joint Laboratory on Bioinformatics and Engineering Biology, , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172,","Zhongguancun Academy , Beijing, 100094,","Zhongguancun Academy, Beijing 100094, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3685-9469","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SMBU-MSU-BIT Joint Laboratory on Bioinformatics and Engineering Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I202334528"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhongguancun Academy , Beijing 100094,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086710"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SMBU-MSU-BIT Joint Laboratory on Bioinformatics and Engineering Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen MSU-BIT University SMBU-MSU-BIT Joint Laboratory on Bioinformatics and Engineering Biology, , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhongguancun Academy , Beijing, 100094,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhongguancun Academy, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086710"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100395591"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I202334528","https://openalex.org/I4210086710","https://openalex.org/I4210152380"],"apc_list":{"value":3618,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3618},"apc_paid":{"value":3618,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3618},"fwci":0.8148,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70710269,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"7","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.8603000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.8603000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10887","display_name":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","score":0.046300001442432404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.024000000208616257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8227378129959106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenation","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","score":0.6426591873168945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encode","display_name":"ENCODE","score":0.5993978977203369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5795605182647705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5393988490104675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.47002196311950684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.44843947887420654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoencoder","display_name":"Autoencoder","score":0.4278672933578491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3736606240272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.34701526165008545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.3024631142616272}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8227378129959106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87619178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126002","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6426591873168945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66746571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134833","display_name":"ENCODE","level":3,"score":0.5993978977203369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5795605182647705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5393988490104675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.47002196311950684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.44843947887420654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.4278672933578491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3736606240272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.34701526165008545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3024631142616272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020539","descriptor_name":"Sequence Analysis, Protein","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020539","descriptor_name":"Sequence Analysis, Protein","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020539","descriptor_name":"Sequence Analysis, Protein","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020539","descriptor_name":"Sequence Analysis, Protein","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030562","descriptor_name":"Databases, Protein","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030562","descriptor_name":"Databases, Protein","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030562","descriptor_name":"Databases, Protein","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030562","descriptor_name":"Databases, Protein","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064267","descriptor_name":"Intrinsically Disordered Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064267","descriptor_name":"Intrinsically Disordered Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064267","descriptor_name":"Intrinsically Disordered Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064267","descriptor_name":"Intrinsically Disordered Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btaf362","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaf362","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/41/7/btaf362/63528026/btaf362.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40577786","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40577786","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12231546","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12231546","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btaf362","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaf362","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/41/7/btaf362/63528026/btaf362.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3466088180","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L248013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7894669521","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U22A2039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411759573.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411759573.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971784866","https://openalex.org/W1972177221","https://openalex.org/W1989235034","https://openalex.org/W2003561135","https://openalex.org/W2006192061","https://openalex.org/W2008693552","https://openalex.org/W2015115860","https://openalex.org/W2030776726","https://openalex.org/W2043338013","https://openalex.org/W2053820259","https://openalex.org/W2061271983","https://openalex.org/W2069700014","https://openalex.org/W2085126881","https://openalex.org/W2087928415","https://openalex.org/W2094005653","https://openalex.org/W2114604135","https://openalex.org/W2117640066","https://openalex.org/W2118608964","https://openalex.org/W2120881407","https://openalex.org/W2123969230","https://openalex.org/W2124707779","https://openalex.org/W2146628513","https://openalex.org/W2156407548","https://openalex.org/W2156678798","https://openalex.org/W2158714788","https://openalex.org/W2161199282","https://openalex.org/W2162980545","https://openalex.org/W2169802764","https://openalex.org/W2255466643","https://openalex.org/W2322304557","https://openalex.org/W2510934692","https://openalex.org/W2566370974","https://openalex.org/W2726870159","https://openalex.org/W2791930002","https://openalex.org/W2888495466","https://openalex.org/W2896636431","https://openalex.org/W2900694973","https://openalex.org/W2951394517","https://openalex.org/W3007616265","https://openalex.org/W3011698511","https://openalex.org/W3043901899","https://openalex.org/W3096599651","https://openalex.org/W3155214885","https://openalex.org/W3156051371","https://openalex.org/W3177500196","https://openalex.org/W4200472293","https://openalex.org/W4321003857","https://openalex.org/W4327550249","https://openalex.org/W4380738334","https://openalex.org/W4386468058","https://openalex.org/W4387535142","https://openalex.org/W4388080288","https://openalex.org/W4388571136","https://openalex.org/W4389526560","https://openalex.org/W4390510841","https://openalex.org/W4390946589","https://openalex.org/W4396578176","https://openalex.org/W4396725108","https://openalex.org/W4401602316","https://openalex.org/W4403782367","https://openalex.org/W4405525278","https://openalex.org/W4408864542","https://openalex.org/W6666173294","https://openalex.org/W6739901393"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3013693939","https://openalex.org/W2373577936","https://openalex.org/W2566616303","https://openalex.org/W2159052453","https://openalex.org/W3131327266","https://openalex.org/W2734887215","https://openalex.org/W2803255133","https://openalex.org/W4297051394","https://openalex.org/W2752972570","https://openalex.org/W2187606256"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"MOTIVATION:":[0],"Intrinsic":[1],"disorder":[2],"regions":[3,23],"(IDRs)":[4],"play":[5],"a":[6,38,98,117,122,145,201,248,269],"significant":[7],"role":[8],"in":[9,17,41],"diverse":[10],"biological":[11,54,87,108,132],"processes":[12],"and":[13,30,89,109,134,229,250],"are":[14,150,162],"widely":[15],"distributed":[16],"proteins.":[18],"Thus,":[19],"accurately":[20],"predicting":[21],"these":[22,77,176],"is":[24,116,171,205,264],"essential":[25],"for":[26,103,245,254,272],"analyzing":[27],"protein":[28,61],"structure":[29],"function.":[31],"Amino":[32],"acid":[33,198,226],"feature":[34,74,227],"extraction":[35],"servers":[36],"as":[37,268],"foundational":[39],"process":[40],"the":[42,82,104,113,153,157,165,184,209,222,235,255,273],"development":[43],"of":[44,106,112,124,141,156,179,186,196,224,276],"computational":[45],"predictive":[46],"models.":[47],"Existing":[48],"methods":[49],"typically":[50],"rely":[51],"on":[52,121,212],"traditional":[53,86,107,131],"features":[55,88,111,133,136,149,161],"(e.g.":[56],"PSSM)":[57],"or":[58],"use":[59],"pre-trained":[60],"language":[62],"models":[63],"(PPLMs)":[64],"to":[65,72,80,137,174,188,207,234,266],"capture":[66,81],"sequence":[67],"semantic":[68,142,194],"information,":[69],"often":[70],"resorting":[71],"straightforward":[73],"concatenation.":[75],"However,":[76],"approaches":[78],"fail":[79],"multi-semantic":[83],"interactions":[84],"between":[85],"PPLMs-based":[90,110,135,160],"features.":[91,180],"RESULTS:":[92],"In":[93],"this":[94],"study,":[95],"we":[96],"propose":[97],"method":[99],"named":[100],"FusionEncoder":[101,115,219,256,263],"designed":[102],"integration":[105],"protein.":[114],"fusion":[118,169],"network":[119],"built":[120],"variant":[123],"long":[125,190],"short-term":[126],"memory":[127],"(LSTM).":[128],"We":[129],"consider":[130],"be":[138],"two":[139,177],"types":[140,178],"inputs":[143],"within":[144],"\"multi-semantic\"":[146],"space.":[147],"Traditional":[148],"input":[151,166],"into":[152,164],"cell":[154,170],"state":[155],"LSTM,":[158],"while":[159],"fed":[163],"part.":[167],"A":[168],"then":[172],"utilized":[173],"fuse":[175],"This":[181],"strategy":[182],"leverages":[183],"capability":[185],"LSTM":[187],"encode":[189],"sequences,":[191],"enhancing":[192],"context-aware":[193],"learning":[195],"amino":[197,225],"sequences.":[199],"Finally,":[200],"transformer-based":[202],"encoder":[203],"layer":[204],"employed":[206],"predict":[208],"IDRs.":[210,277],"Evaluation":[211],"four":[213],"independent":[214],"test":[215],"datasets":[216],"indicate":[217],"that":[218],"obviously":[220],"improves":[221],"accuracy":[223],"representation":[228],"achieves":[230],"superior":[231],"performance":[232],"compared":[233],"other":[236],"existing":[237],"methods.":[238],"AVAILABILITY":[239],"AND":[240],"IMPLEMENTATION:":[241],"To":[242],"facilitate":[243],"accessibility":[244],"experimental":[246],"researchers,":[247],"user-friendly":[249],"publicly":[251],"available":[252],"webserver":[253],"predictor":[257],"has":[258],"been":[259],"deployed":[260],"at":[261],"http://bliulab.net/FusionEncoder/.":[262],"expected":[265],"serve":[267],"valuable":[270],"tool":[271],"accurate":[274],"identification":[275]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}