{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396685712","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbae140","title":"Interpretation of 10\u00a0years of Alzheimer\u2019s disease genetic findings in the perspective of statistical heterogeneity","display_name":"Interpretation of 10\u00a0years of Alzheimer\u2019s disease genetic findings in the perspective of statistical heterogeneity","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396685712","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbae140","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38711368"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bib/bbae140","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbae140","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bib/article-pdf/25/3/bbae140/57420030/bbae140.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91767247","display_name":"Briefings in Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1467-5463","issn":["1467-5463","1477-4054"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Briefings in Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bib/article-pdf/25/3/bbae140/57420030/bbae140.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090473298","display_name":"Shan Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1066-0531"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183519381","display_name":"Capital Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/013xs5b60","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183519381"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116270","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02b207r52","country_code":"VN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116270"]}],"countries":["CN","VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shan Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders , Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, , No. 10, Xitoutiao, You\u2019an Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China","Capital Medical University , Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, , No. 10, Xitoutiao, You\u2019an Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China","Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, You'an Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders , Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, , No. 10, Xitoutiao, You\u2019an Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116270"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Capital Medical University , Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, , No. 10, Xitoutiao, You\u2019an Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183519381"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, You'an Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183519381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100453553","display_name":"Tao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5728-6463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115644","display_name":"Chinese Institute for Brain Research","ror":"https://ror.org/029819q61","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115644"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Institute for Brain Research , No. 26, Kexueyuan Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Institute for Brain Research , No. 26, Kexueyuan Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082810160","display_name":"Zhifa Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhifa Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , No. 5, Dongdan Santichao, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100193, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , No. 5, Dongdan Santichao, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100193, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037178137","display_name":"Yang Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4508-5365"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology , No. 92, Xidazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150006, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4508-5365","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology , No. 92, Xidazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100846705","display_name":"Ping Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3480-2488"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183519381","display_name":"Capital Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/013xs5b60","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183519381"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116270","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02b207r52","country_code":"VN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116270"]}],"countries":["CN","VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders , Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, , No. 10, Xitoutiao, You\u2019an Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China","Capital Medical University , Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, , No. 10, Xitoutiao, You\u2019an Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China","Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, You'an Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders , Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, , No. 10, Xitoutiao, You\u2019an Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116270"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Capital Medical University , Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, , No. 10, Xitoutiao, You\u2019an Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183519381"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, You'an Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183519381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090952107","display_name":"Yanli Xue","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183519381","display_name":"Capital Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/013xs5b60","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183519381"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanli Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University , No. 10 Xitoutiao, You'an Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University , No. 10 Xitoutiao, You'an Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183519381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085789193","display_name":"Chen Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7092-7587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111950717","display_name":"Macau University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03jqs2n27","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111950717","https://openalex.org/I4391767947"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dr. Neher\u2019s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery , State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, , Avenida WaiLong, Taipa 999078, Macao SAR, China","Macau University of Science and Technology , State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, , Avenida WaiLong, Taipa 999078, Macao SAR, China","Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida WaiLong, Taipa 999078, Macao SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7092-7587","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Neher\u2019s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery , State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, , Avenida WaiLong, Taipa 999078, Macao SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Macau University of Science and Technology , State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, , Avenida WaiLong, Taipa 999078, Macao SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111950717"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida WaiLong, Taipa 999078, Macao SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111950717"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117564021","display_name":"Yan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3270-358X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100357981","display_name":"Wannan Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/037ejjy86","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100357981"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College , No. 22, Wenchang Road, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China","Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Wannan Medical College , No. 22, Wenchang Road, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College , No. 22, Wenchang Road, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100357981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Wannan Medical College , No. 22, Wenchang Road, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100357981"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072347321","display_name":"Guiyou Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1126-2888"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100357981","display_name":"Wannan Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/037ejjy86","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100357981"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183519381","display_name":"Capital Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/013xs5b60","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183519381"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107587","display_name":"Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wn7w598","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107587"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115644","display_name":"Chinese Institute for Brain Research","ror":"https://ror.org/029819q61","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115644"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149885","display_name":"Taishan Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/04983z422","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149885"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156461","display_name":"Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05vcxb550","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156461"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163399","display_name":"Shandong First Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jb9pq57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163399"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guiyou Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Translational Medicine , National Engineering Laboratory of Internet Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology, , No. 45, Changchun Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China","Chinese Institute for Brain Research , No. 26, Kexueyuan Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China","Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College , No. 22, Wenchang Road, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China","Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Wannan Medical College , No. 22, Wenchang Road, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China","Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong , Department of Neurology, , Taian 271000, Shandong, China","Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , Department of Neurology, , Taian 271000, Shandong, China","Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University , National Engineering Laboratory of Internet Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology, , No. 45, Changchun Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China","Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong, Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271000, Shandong, China","Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Translational Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory of Internet Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1126-2888","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Translational Medicine , National Engineering Laboratory of Internet Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology, , No. 45, Changchun Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Institute for Brain Research , No. 26, Kexueyuan Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115644"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College , No. 22, Wenchang Road, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100357981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Wannan Medical College , No. 22, Wenchang Road, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100357981"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong , Department of Neurology, , Taian 271000, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149885"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , Department of Neurology, , Taian 271000, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163399","https://openalex.org/I4210156461","https://openalex.org/I4210107587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University , National Engineering Laboratory of Internet Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology, , No. 45, Changchun Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183519381"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong, Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271000, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163399"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Translational Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory of Internet Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183519381"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072347321"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100357981","https://openalex.org/I183519381","https://openalex.org/I4210107587","https://openalex.org/I4210115644","https://openalex.org/I4210149885","https://openalex.org/I4210156461","https://openalex.org/I4210163399"],"apc_list":{"value":4011,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4011},"apc_paid":{"value":4011,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4011},"fwci":4.3724,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94324911,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10887","display_name":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10269","display_name":"Epigenetics and DNA Methylation","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genome-wide-association-study","display_name":"Genome-wide association study","score":0.939123272895813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heritability","display_name":"Heritability","score":0.792858898639679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-association","display_name":"Genetic association","score":0.6617811322212219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.5677826404571533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/missing-heritability-problem","display_name":"Missing heritability problem","score":0.521321713924408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.4801311194896698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-architecture","display_name":"Genetic architecture","score":0.47752371430397034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-power","display_name":"Statistical power","score":0.4515310227870941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantitative-trait-locus","display_name":"Quantitative trait locus","score":0.3850584626197815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-nucleotide-polymorphism","display_name":"Single-nucleotide polymorphism","score":0.3062528371810913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.14240789413452148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genotype","display_name":"Genotype","score":0.11125022172927856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene","display_name":"Gene","score":0.09227290749549866}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106208931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1098876","display_name":"Genome-wide association study","level":5,"score":0.939123272895813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161890455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503548","display_name":"Heritability","level":2,"score":0.792858898639679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186413461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744727","display_name":"Genetic association","level":5,"score":0.6617811322212219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5677826404571533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144621757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3083720","display_name":"Missing heritability problem","level":5,"score":0.521321713924408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.4801311194896698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9287583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532883","display_name":"Genetic architecture","level":4,"score":0.47752371430397034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96608239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199823","display_name":"Statistical power","level":2,"score":0.4515310227870941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81941488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853421","display_name":"Quantitative trait locus","level":3,"score":0.3850584626197815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153209595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501128","display_name":"Single-nucleotide polymorphism","level":4,"score":0.3062528371810913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.14240789413452148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135763542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106016","display_name":"Genotype","level":3,"score":0.11125022172927856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.09227290749549866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018740","descriptor_name":"Genetic Heterogeneity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018740","descriptor_name":"Genetic Heterogeneity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018740","descriptor_name":"Genetic Heterogeneity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018740","descriptor_name":"Genetic Heterogeneity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018740","descriptor_name":"Genetic Heterogeneity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018740","descriptor_name":"Genetic Heterogeneity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020022","descriptor_name":"Genetic Predisposition to Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020022","descriptor_name":"Genetic Predisposition to Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020022","descriptor_name":"Genetic Predisposition to Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020022","descriptor_name":"Genetic Predisposition to Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020022","descriptor_name":"Genetic Predisposition to Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020022","descriptor_name":"Genetic Predisposition to Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/bib/bbae140","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbae140","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bib/article-pdf/25/3/bbae140/57420030/bbae140.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91767247","display_name":"Briefings in Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1467-5463","issn":["1467-5463","1477-4054"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Briefings in Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38711368","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38711368","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Briefings in bioinformatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11074593","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11074593","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11074593/pdf/bbae140.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Brief Bioinform","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bib/bbae140","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbae140","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bib/article-pdf/25/3/bbae140/57420030/bbae140.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91767247","display_name":"Briefings in Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1467-5463","issn":["1467-5463","1477-4054"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Briefings in Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1761264699","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82071212","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G414021913","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JQ21022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6791809388","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"81901181","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7300301127","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12026414","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396685712.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966831629","https://openalex.org/W1968886567","https://openalex.org/W1983436690","https://openalex.org/W1987832889","https://openalex.org/W1997889941","https://openalex.org/W2042421957","https://openalex.org/W2115779804","https://openalex.org/W2121820194","https://openalex.org/W2145210308","https://openalex.org/W2152119060","https://openalex.org/W2575618123","https://openalex.org/W2787933178","https://openalex.org/W2792688330","https://openalex.org/W2908002252","https://openalex.org/W2916749909","https://openalex.org/W2949539428","https://openalex.org/W2970474312","https://openalex.org/W3001510487","https://openalex.org/W3092894050","https://openalex.org/W3102892253","https://openalex.org/W3115346491","https://openalex.org/W3172294552","https://openalex.org/W3197290161","https://openalex.org/W3214092816","https://openalex.org/W4210363323","https://openalex.org/W4223591189","https://openalex.org/W4280619985","https://openalex.org/W4281622672","https://openalex.org/W4281785804","https://openalex.org/W4312128743","https://openalex.org/W4319789581","https://openalex.org/W4323832104","https://openalex.org/W4376866169","https://openalex.org/W4376871489"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2060875624","https://openalex.org/W2026931617","https://openalex.org/W2624535262","https://openalex.org/W2110808585","https://openalex.org/W2884827249","https://openalex.org/W2948515282","https://openalex.org/W1577567365","https://openalex.org/W2924960962","https://openalex.org/W2136285728","https://openalex.org/W4221078123"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Common":[0],"genetic":[1,50,58,129,207],"variants":[2,130],"and":[3,24,28,42,65,102,164,179,209,221,228,232],"susceptibility":[4,40,177],"loci":[5,41,87,178,208],"associated":[6],"with":[7,90,111],"Alzheimer's":[8],"disease":[9],"(AD)":[10],"have":[11,52,156],"been":[12,53],"discovered":[13,80],"through":[14],"large-scale":[15],"genome-wide":[16,92,127,174,205],"association":[17],"studies":[18],"(GWAS),":[19],"GWAS":[20,27,101,148],"by":[21],"proxy":[22],"(GWAX)":[23],"meta-analysis":[25,238],"of":[26,38,46,70,76,84,94,126,173,204],"GWAX":[29,220],"(GWAS+GWAX).":[30],"However,":[31],"due":[32],"to":[33,117,167,211],"the":[34,43,61,74,108,112,119,123,158,169,180,186,193,202],"very":[35],"low":[36,44,170],"repeatability":[37,171],"AD":[39,49,57,85,100,109,141,147,162,176,182,215,219,233],"heritability":[45,183],"AD,":[47],"these":[48,71],"findings":[51,59,72,223],"questioned.":[54],"We":[55,79,105,150],"summarize":[56],"from":[60],"past":[62],"10":[63],"years":[64],"provide":[66],"a":[67,91,196],"new":[68],"interpretation":[69],"in":[73,140,146,161,198,214],"context":[75],"statistical":[77,138,153,159,199,251],"heterogeneity.":[78,252],"that":[81,107,152,195],"only":[82],"17%":[83],"risk":[86],"demonstrated":[88],"reproducibility":[89],"significance":[93],"P":[95],"<":[96],"5.00E-08":[97],"across":[98],"all":[99],"GWAS+GWAX":[103,110,142,163,222,234],"datasets.":[104,149],"highlighted":[106],"largest":[113],"sample":[114,187],"size":[115,188],"failed":[116],"identify":[118],"most":[120],"significant":[121,128,175,206],"signals,":[122],"maximum":[124,132],"number":[125],"or":[131],"heritability.":[133,216],"Additionally,":[134],"we":[135],"identified":[136],"widespread":[137],"heterogeneity":[139,154,200],"datasets,":[143],"but":[144],"not":[145],"consider":[151],"may":[155,165],"attenuated":[157],"power":[160],"contribute":[166],"explaining":[168],"(17%)":[172],"decreased":[181],"(40-2%)":[184],"as":[185,241],"increased.":[189],"Importantly,":[190],"evidence":[191],"supports":[192],"idea":[194],"decrease":[197],"facilitates":[201],"identification":[203],"contributes":[210],"an":[212],"increase":[213],"Collectively,":[217],"current":[218],"should":[224,235],"be":[225],"meticulously":[226],"assessed":[227],"warrant":[229],"additional":[230],"investigation,":[231],"employ":[236],"multiple":[237],"methods,":[239],"such":[240],"random-effects":[242],"inverse":[243],"variance-weighted":[244],"meta-analysis,":[245],"which":[246],"is":[247],"designed":[248],"specifically":[249],"for":[250]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-31T08:46:17.908082","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}