{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3123234138","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbaa442","title":"Comparison of methods for estimating genetic correlation between complex traits using GWAS summary statistics","display_name":"Comparison of methods for estimating genetic correlation between complex traits using GWAS summary statistics","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3123234138","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbaa442","mag":"3123234138","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33497438"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bib/bbaa442","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbaa442","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91767247","display_name":"Briefings in Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1467-5463","issn":["1467-5463","1477-4054"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Briefings in Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8425307","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058672137","display_name":"Yiliang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9851-7870"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiliang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021482512","display_name":"Youshu Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6398-2082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youshu Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015211419","display_name":"Wei Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6120-5278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082669187","display_name":"Yixuan Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-665X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yixuan Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Program of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Program of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083375749","display_name":"Qiongshi Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4514-0969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiongshi Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Demography of Health and Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA","Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA","Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Demography of Health and Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074828414","display_name":"Hongyu Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1195-9607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hongyu Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA","Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA","Program of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Program of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074828414"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"],"apc_list":{"value":4011,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4011},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6005,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93257068,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"5","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10594","display_name":"Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10594","display_name":"Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11468","display_name":"Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genome-wide-association-study","display_name":"Genome-wide association study","score":0.7189047336578369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.6450402140617371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlation","display_name":"Correlation","score":0.5673254728317261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/summary-statistics","display_name":"Summary statistics","score":0.4401933550834656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3994954228401184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.3202522099018097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.246985524892807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.2078244984149933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.13256174325942993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-nucleotide-polymorphism","display_name":"Single-nucleotide polymorphism","score":0.07879853248596191}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106208931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1098876","display_name":"Genome-wide association study","level":5,"score":0.7189047336578369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.6450402140617371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117220453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172842","display_name":"Correlation","level":2,"score":0.5673254728317261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32792767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1370484","display_name":"Summary statistics","level":2,"score":0.4401933550834656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3994954228401184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.3202522099018097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.246985524892807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2078244984149933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.13256174325942993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153209595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501128","display_name":"Single-nucleotide polymorphism","level":4,"score":0.07879853248596191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135763542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106016","display_name":"Genotype","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000068598","descriptor_name":"Data Accuracy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068598","descriptor_name":"Data Accuracy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068598","descriptor_name":"Data Accuracy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068598","descriptor_name":"Data Accuracy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068598","descriptor_name":"Data Accuracy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005787","descriptor_name":"Gene Frequency","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005787","descriptor_name":"Gene Frequency","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005787","descriptor_name":"Gene Frequency","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005787","descriptor_name":"Gene Frequency","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005787","descriptor_name":"Gene Frequency","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005838","descriptor_name":"Genotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005838","descriptor_name":"Genotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005838","descriptor_name":"Genotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005838","descriptor_name":"Genotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005838","descriptor_name":"Genotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015331","descriptor_name":"Cohort Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015331","descriptor_name":"Cohort Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015331","descriptor_name":"Cohort Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015331","descriptor_name":"Cohort Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015331","descriptor_name":"Cohort Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015810","descriptor_name":"Linkage Disequilibrium","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015810","descriptor_name":"Linkage Disequilibrium","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015810","descriptor_name":"Linkage Disequilibrium","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015810","descriptor_name":"Linkage Disequilibrium","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015810","descriptor_name":"Linkage Disequilibrium","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015894","descriptor_name":"Genome, Human","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015894","descriptor_name":"Genome, Human","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015894","descriptor_name":"Genome, Human","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015894","descriptor_name":"Genome, Human","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015894","descriptor_name":"Genome, Human","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019985","descriptor_name":"Benchmarking","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019985","descriptor_name":"Benchmarking","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019985","descriptor_name":"Benchmarking","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019985","descriptor_name":"Benchmarking","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019985","descriptor_name":"Benchmarking","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020412","descriptor_name":"Multifactorial Inheritance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020412","descriptor_name":"Multifactorial Inheritance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020412","descriptor_name":"Multifactorial Inheritance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020412","descriptor_name":"Multifactorial Inheritance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020412","descriptor_name":"Multifactorial Inheritance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/bib/bbaa442","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbaa442","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91767247","display_name":"Briefings in Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1467-5463","issn":["1467-5463","1477-4054"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Briefings in Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33497438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33497438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Briefings in bioinformatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8425307","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8425307","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Brief Bioinform","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8425307","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8425307","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Brief Bioinform","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2557452613","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01GM134005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3949349648","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1R01GM122078","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5291133419","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UL1TR000427","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5484651797","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"3P30AG021342-16S2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5696359725","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DMS1713120","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6491614988","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DMS1902903","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka","ror":"https://ror.org/010xaa060"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2019465651","https://openalex.org/W2033151532","https://openalex.org/W2054153086","https://openalex.org/W2071759640","https://openalex.org/W2096466744","https://openalex.org/W2098143048","https://openalex.org/W2124204548","https://openalex.org/W2134783591","https://openalex.org/W2146415150","https://openalex.org/W2161633633","https://openalex.org/W2168354474","https://openalex.org/W2195783463","https://openalex.org/W2254979106","https://openalex.org/W2297069296","https://openalex.org/W2337339674","https://openalex.org/W2340656051","https://openalex.org/W2345621280","https://openalex.org/W2438256301","https://openalex.org/W2520171656","https://openalex.org/W2520432709","https://openalex.org/W2565199748","https://openalex.org/W2607031541","https://openalex.org/W2610246156","https://openalex.org/W2612427157","https://openalex.org/W2622530291","https://openalex.org/W2622753418","https://openalex.org/W2725988230","https://openalex.org/W2739321649","https://openalex.org/W2758932859","https://openalex.org/W2780560743","https://openalex.org/W2782926711","https://openalex.org/W2801678388","https://openalex.org/W2802815532","https://openalex.org/W2803072880","https://openalex.org/W2809991789","https://openalex.org/W2895486342","https://openalex.org/W2899785366","https://openalex.org/W2901957554","https://openalex.org/W2914482125","https://openalex.org/W2937611850","https://openalex.org/W2949543964","https://openalex.org/W2949780558","https://openalex.org/W2950948210","https://openalex.org/W2950958620","https://openalex.org/W2982340786","https://openalex.org/W3022714640","https://openalex.org/W3037588075","https://openalex.org/W3138493707","https://openalex.org/W3149747381","https://openalex.org/W3197843875","https://openalex.org/W4235479662","https://openalex.org/W4241883936","https://openalex.org/W6697494952","https://openalex.org/W6703823005","https://openalex.org/W6741643267","https://openalex.org/W6769682467","https://openalex.org/W6777386606"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2046260256","https://openalex.org/W1969865489","https://openalex.org/W4313323870","https://openalex.org/W4240106746","https://openalex.org/W4230369419","https://openalex.org/W2991725409","https://openalex.org/W2010875215","https://openalex.org/W2954772049","https://openalex.org/W1971018524","https://openalex.org/W3214045955"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Genetic":[0],"correlation":[1,4,47,97,215],"is":[2,18],"the":[3,12,24,59,132,138,195],"of":[5,62,134,140,170,197],"phenotypic":[6],"effects":[7],"by":[8,120],"genetic":[9,26,37,46,96,115,214],"variants":[10],"across":[11],"genome":[13],"on":[14,49,108,174,182,207],"two":[15,109,142],"phenotypes.":[16],"It":[17],"an":[19],"informative":[20],"metric":[21],"to":[22,44,58,161,194,209],"quantify":[23],"overall":[25],"similarity":[27],"between":[28,127],"complex":[29,171],"traits,":[30],"which":[31],"provides":[32],"insights":[33],"into":[34],"their":[35],"polygenic":[36],"architecture.":[38],"Several":[39],"methods":[40,69,82,99,136,160,180,212],"have":[41,77],"been":[42],"proposed":[43],"estimate":[45],"based":[48],"data":[50,104,191],"collected":[51],"from":[52,200],"genome-wide":[53],"association":[54],"studies":[55],"(GWAS).":[56],"Due":[57],"easy":[60],"access":[61],"GWAS":[63,72,163],"summary":[64,73,164],"statistics":[65,74,165],"and":[66,102,124,153],"computational":[67],"efficiency,":[68],"only":[70],"requiring":[71],"as":[75],"input":[76],"become":[78],"more":[79],"popular":[80],"than":[81],"utilizing":[83],"individual-level":[84],"genotype":[85],"data.":[86],"Here,":[87],"we":[88,144,157,177],"present":[89],"a":[90,167],"benchmark":[91],"study":[92],"for":[93,166,213],"different":[94,128,135],"summary-statistics-based":[95],"estimation":[98,185,216],"through":[100],"simulation":[101],"real":[103,162,190],"applications.":[105],"We":[106],"focus":[107],"major":[110],"technical":[111],"challenges":[112],"in":[113,137,189,217],"estimating":[114],"correlation:":[116],"marker":[117],"dependency":[118],"caused":[119],"linkage":[121],"disequilibrium":[122],"(LD)":[123],"sample":[125,154],"overlap":[126],"studies.":[129],"To":[130],"assess":[131],"performance":[133],"presence":[139],"these":[141,159,175],"challenges,":[143],"first":[145],"conducted":[146],"comprehensive":[147],"simulations":[148],"with":[149],"diverse":[150],"LD":[151,184,198],"patterns":[152],"overlaps.":[155],"Then":[156],"applied":[158],"wide":[168],"spectrum":[169],"traits.":[172],"Based":[173],"experiments,":[176],"conclude":[178],"that":[179],"relying":[181],"accurate":[183],"are":[186],"less":[187],"robust":[188],"applications":[192],"due":[193],"imprecision":[196],"obtained":[199],"reference":[201],"panels.":[202],"Our":[203],"findings":[204],"offer":[205],"guidance":[206],"how":[208],"choose":[210],"appropriate":[211],"post-GWAS":[218],"analysis.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T14:56:36.534964","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}