{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978040282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2007.0132","title":"The Nonverbal Communication Functions of Emoticons in Computer-Mediated Communication","display_name":"The Nonverbal Communication Functions of Emoticons in Computer-Mediated Communication","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-09-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978040282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2007.0132","mag":"1978040282","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18817486"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1089/cpb.2007.0132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2007.0132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210196129","display_name":"CyberPsychology & Behavior","issn_l":"1094-9313","issn":["1094-9313","1557-8364"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320443","host_organization_name":"Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320443"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Mary Ann Liebert, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CyberPsychology &amp; Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084467163","display_name":"Sing Kai Lo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8401-1759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205612303","display_name":"Chinese Culture University","ror":"https://ror.org/04shepe48","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205612303"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shao-Kang Lo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of International Trade, Chinese Culture University, Taiwan, Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of International Trade, Chinese Culture University, Taiwan, Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205612303"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084467163"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205612303"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.8223,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":344,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97000127,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"5","first_page":"595","last_page":"597"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13155","display_name":"Digital Communication and Language","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13155","display_name":"Digital Communication and Language","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10970","display_name":"Team Dynamics and Performance","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12028","display_name":"Knowledge Management and Sharing","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonverbal-communication","display_name":"Nonverbal communication","score":0.9527249336242676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication","display_name":"Communication","score":0.5526342391967773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.5182502269744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-mediated-communication","display_name":"Computer-mediated communication","score":0.5045253038406372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.45005887746810913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3728218078613281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.10367429256439209}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145633318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207125","display_name":"Nonverbal communication","level":2,"score":0.9527249336242676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.5526342391967773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5182502269744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109778625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q796573","display_name":"Computer-mediated communication","level":3,"score":0.5045253038406372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.45005887746810913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3728218078613281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.10367429256439209}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007398","descriptor_name":"Interpersonal Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007398","descriptor_name":"Interpersonal Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007398","descriptor_name":"Interpersonal Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009633","descriptor_name":"Nonverbal Communication","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009633","descriptor_name":"Nonverbal Communication","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009633","descriptor_name":"Nonverbal Communication","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012938","descriptor_name":"Social Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012938","descriptor_name":"Social Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012938","descriptor_name":"Social Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1089/cpb.2007.0132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2007.0132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210196129","display_name":"CyberPsychology & Behavior","issn_l":"1094-9313","issn":["1094-9313","1557-8364"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320443","host_organization_name":"Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320443"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Mary Ann Liebert, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CyberPsychology &amp; Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18817486","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18817486","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cyberpsychology & behavior : the impact of the Internet, multimedia and virtual reality on behavior and society","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W217244137","https://openalex.org/W610928163","https://openalex.org/W1495960901","https://openalex.org/W1524086313","https://openalex.org/W1525145938","https://openalex.org/W1544484417","https://openalex.org/W1966922436","https://openalex.org/W2032633302","https://openalex.org/W2051059879","https://openalex.org/W2069651269","https://openalex.org/W2098572648","https://openalex.org/W2107208519","https://openalex.org/W2108752510","https://openalex.org/W2109534191","https://openalex.org/W2113795244","https://openalex.org/W2565632199","https://openalex.org/W2907225883","https://openalex.org/W4297081765"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2360296407","https://openalex.org/W2361302590","https://openalex.org/W2296525816","https://openalex.org/W2774427536","https://openalex.org/W4251633897","https://openalex.org/W953904046","https://openalex.org/W2049769434","https://openalex.org/W2620478871","https://openalex.org/W2495631539"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"past":[1],"studies":[2],"assume":[3],"that":[4],"computer-mediated":[5],"communication":[6,10,32,42],"(CMC)":[7],"lacks":[8],"nonverbal":[9,41],"cues.":[11,49],"However,":[12],"Internet":[13],"users":[14],"have":[15],"devised":[16],"and":[17],"learned":[18],"to":[19,22],"use":[20],"emoticons":[21,29,47],"assist":[23],"their":[24],"communications.":[25],"This":[26],"study":[27],"examined":[28],"as":[30,37],"a":[31],"tool":[33],"that,":[34],"although":[35],"presented":[36],"verbal":[38],"cues,":[39],"perform":[40],"functions.":[43],"We":[44],"therefore":[45],"termed":[46],"quasi-nonverbal":[48]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-03-14T08:43:22.919905","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
