{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4225503308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4386/ac6534","title":"Effect of conductance linearity of Ag-chalcogenide CBRAM synaptic devices on the pattern recognition accuracy of an analog neural training accelerator","display_name":"Effect of conductance linearity of Ag-chalcogenide CBRAM synaptic devices on the pattern recognition accuracy of an analog neural training accelerator","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4225503308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4386/ac6534"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/2634-4386/ac6534","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4386/ac6534","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212933","display_name":"Neuromorphic Computing and Engineering","issn_l":"2634-4386","issn":["2634-4386"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neuromorphic Computing and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4386/ac6534","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049428053","display_name":"P. Apsangi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9684-9329"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Priyanka Apsangi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5706, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9684-9329","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5706, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075047270","display_name":"Hugh Barnaby","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8136-1849"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hugh Barnaby","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5706, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5706, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073569956","display_name":"Michael N. Kozicki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1281-6827"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Kozicki","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5706, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5706, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032781514","display_name":"Y. Gonzalez-Velo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0113-0408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yago Gonzalez-Velo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5706, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5706, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025450339","display_name":"Jennifer Taggart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1795-0569"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Taggart","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5706, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5706, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049428053"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2453},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2453},"fwci":1.1485,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76396574,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"2","first_page":"021002","last_page":"021002"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linearity","display_name":"Linearity","score":0.7975286245346069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-engineering","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","score":0.7066835165023804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mnist-database","display_name":"MNIST database","score":0.6704456210136414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5937661528587341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5237020254135132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistive-random-access-memory","display_name":"Resistive random-access memory","score":0.4796786308288574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4539109170436859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conductance","display_name":"Conductance","score":0.4476564824581146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4090571105480194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3974539041519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3824161887168884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.18908783793449402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1681099534034729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1184937059879303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11087056994438171}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77170095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753188","display_name":"Linearity","level":2,"score":0.7975286245346069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151927369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981312","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","level":3,"score":0.7066835165023804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190502265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17069496","display_name":"MNIST database","level":3,"score":0.6704456210136414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5937661528587341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5237020254135132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182019814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143830","display_name":"Resistive random-access memory","level":3,"score":0.4796786308288574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4539109170436859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121932024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5159376","display_name":"Conductance","level":2,"score":0.4476564824581146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4090571105480194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3974539041519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3824161887168884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.18908783793449402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1681099534034729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1184937059879303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11087056994438171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1088/2634-4386/ac6534","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4386/ac6534","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212933","display_name":"Neuromorphic Computing and Engineering","issn_l":"2634-4386","issn":["2634-4386"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neuromorphic Computing and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/2634-4386/ac6534","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4386/ac6534","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212933","display_name":"Neuromorphic Computing and Engineering","issn_l":"2634-4386","issn":["2634-4386"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neuromorphic Computing and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8290641004","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HDTRA1-17-1-0038","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332186","funder_display_name":"Defense Threat Reduction Agency"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332186","display_name":"Defense Threat Reduction Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/04tz64554"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987193276","https://openalex.org/W2004027993","https://openalex.org/W2075984996","https://openalex.org/W2138913040","https://openalex.org/W2139808641","https://openalex.org/W2142704184","https://openalex.org/W2153018820","https://openalex.org/W2291568635","https://openalex.org/W2307193480","https://openalex.org/W2365593680","https://openalex.org/W2528411015","https://openalex.org/W2533013863","https://openalex.org/W2542214695","https://openalex.org/W2552299751","https://openalex.org/W2554279936","https://openalex.org/W2724917037","https://openalex.org/W2740220207","https://openalex.org/W2772823933","https://openalex.org/W2782046614","https://openalex.org/W2783053830","https://openalex.org/W2785141883","https://openalex.org/W2883182488","https://openalex.org/W2899224990","https://openalex.org/W2901020704","https://openalex.org/W2902228293","https://openalex.org/W2912766741","https://openalex.org/W3041897167","https://openalex.org/W3104147253","https://openalex.org/W6756624111"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3137378424","https://openalex.org/W2809732489","https://openalex.org/W4287780255","https://openalex.org/W3023361272","https://openalex.org/W4386475142","https://openalex.org/W2793181810","https://openalex.org/W1967489488","https://openalex.org/W2806638311","https://openalex.org/W4393235919","https://openalex.org/W2785635065"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Pattern":[1],"recognition":[2,23],"using":[3,11],"deep":[4],"neural":[5,129,136],"networks":[6],"(DNN)":[7],"has":[8],"been":[9],"implemented":[10],"resistive":[12,55],"RAM":[13,49],"(RRAM)":[14],"devices.":[15],"To":[16],"achieve":[17],"high":[18],"classification":[19,132],"accuracy":[20,133],"in":[21,66,126],"pattern":[22],"with":[24,111],"DNN":[25],"systems,":[26],"a":[27,96],"linear,":[28],"symmetric":[29],"weight":[30],"update":[31],"as":[32,34,63],"well":[33],"multi-level":[35],"conductance":[36,75],"(MLC)":[37],"behavior":[38],"of":[39,78,92,99,117,134],"the":[40,74,93,124],"analog":[41,64],"synapse":[42],"is":[43],"required.":[44],"Ag-chalcogenide":[45],"based":[46],"conductive":[47],"bridge":[48],"(CBRAM)":[50],"devices":[51,80,94,125],"have":[52,86],"demonstrated":[53,87],"multiple":[54],"states":[56],"making":[57],"them":[58],"potential":[59],"candidates":[60],"for":[61,103,109,147],"use":[62],"synapses":[65],"neuromorphic":[67],"hardware.":[68],"In":[69],"this":[70],"work,":[71],"we":[72],"analyze":[73],"linearity":[76,119],"response":[77,91],"these":[79],"to":[81,101,107,140,145],"different":[82],"pulsing":[83],"schemes.":[84],"We":[85],"an":[88,127],"improved":[89,118,142],"linear":[90],"from":[95,143],"non-linearity":[97],"factor":[98],"6.65":[100],"1":[102],"potentiation":[104],"and":[105],"\u22122.25":[106],"\u22120.95":[108],"depression":[110],"non-identical":[112],"pulse":[113],"application.":[114],"The":[115,131],"effect":[116],"was":[120,138],"quantified":[121],"by":[122],"simulating":[123],"artificial":[128],"network.":[130],"two-layer":[135],"network":[137],"seen":[139],"be":[141],"85%":[144],"92%":[146],"small":[148],"digit":[149],"MNIST":[150],"dataset.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}