{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385828772","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-2153/acf096","title":"Reflection equivariant quantum neural networks for enhanced image classification","display_name":"Reflection equivariant quantum neural networks for enhanced image classification","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385828772","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-2153/acf096"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/2632-2153/acf096","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-2153/acf096","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2632-2153/acf096/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200687","display_name":"Machine Learning Science and Technology","issn_l":"2632-2153","issn":["2632-2153"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning: Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2632-2153/acf096/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041859065","display_name":"Maxwell T. West","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4500-3139"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maxwell T West","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, AUSTRALIA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4500-3139","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, AUSTRALIA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014837331","display_name":"M. E. Sevior","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4824-101X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Sevior","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, AUSTRALIA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, AUSTRALIA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012865362","display_name":"Muhammad Usman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3476-2348"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Usman","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, AUSTRALIA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3476-2348","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, AUSTRALIA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041859065"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1962},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1962},"fwci":7.5829,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9795525,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"3","first_page":"035027","last_page":"035027"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overfitting","display_name":"Overfitting","score":0.8714572787284851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6208133697509766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homogeneous-space","display_name":"Homogeneous space","score":0.5901501178741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5702909231185913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.5571326613426208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equivariant-map","display_name":"Equivariant map","score":0.5308160781860352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qubit","display_name":"Qubit","score":0.5015060901641846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.4715045988559723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.43978941440582275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.43687331676483154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.43352237343788147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4214558005332947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.41047126054763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.35522621870040894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.24875226616859436}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22019652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331309","display_name":"Overfitting","level":3,"score":0.8714572787284851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6208133697509766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96469262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324364","display_name":"Homogeneous space","level":2,"score":0.5901501178741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5702909231185913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5571326613426208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171036898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q256355","display_name":"Equivariant map","level":2,"score":0.5308160781860352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203087015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378201","display_name":"Qubit","level":3,"score":0.5015060901641846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.4715045988559723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.43978941440582275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.43687331676483154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.43352237343788147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4214558005332947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41047126054763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.35522621870040894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24875226616859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1088/2632-2153/acf096","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-2153/acf096","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2632-2153/acf096/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200687","display_name":"Machine Learning Science and Technology","issn_l":"2632-2153","issn":["2632-2153"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning: Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e64effd493ec4c15b23defd76f91f414","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e64effd493ec4c15b23defd76f91f414","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning: Science and Technology, Vol 4, Iss 3, p 035027 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/2632-2153/acf096","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-2153/acf096","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2632-2153/acf096/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200687","display_name":"Machine Learning Science and Technology","issn_l":"2632-2153","issn":["2632-2153"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning: Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3761239465","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DP210102831","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385828772.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":84,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2154851992","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2209882149","https://openalex.org/W2479443372","https://openalex.org/W2558748708","https://openalex.org/W2559394418","https://openalex.org/W2562234976","https://openalex.org/W2785397276","https://openalex.org/W2792946961","https://openalex.org/W2794444783","https://openalex.org/W2798434869","https://openalex.org/W2798967590","https://openalex.org/W2808979145","https://openalex.org/W2884199211","https://openalex.org/W2896712926","https://openalex.org/W2921920881","https://openalex.org/W2936995161","https://openalex.org/W2963021451","https://openalex.org/W2963994735","https://openalex.org/W2998262898","https://openalex.org/W3004252283","https://openalex.org/W3004965358","https://openalex.org/W3009313620","https://openalex.org/W3026863321","https://openalex.org/W3090365491","https://openalex.org/W3098400458","https://openalex.org/W3099734242","https://openalex.org/W3102320711","https://openalex.org/W3104022488","https://openalex.org/W3104396616","https://openalex.org/W3104962094","https://openalex.org/W3114970264","https://openalex.org/W3118608800","https://openalex.org/W3118800713","https://openalex.org/W3120167980","https://openalex.org/W3136233239","https://openalex.org/W3148001159","https://openalex.org/W3154850693","https://openalex.org/W3157286395","https://openalex.org/W3166192563","https://openalex.org/W3182433019","https://openalex.org/W3183968998","https://openalex.org/W3207697613","https://openalex.org/W3216228299","https://openalex.org/W4206283874","https://openalex.org/W4229000948","https://openalex.org/W4287184090","https://openalex.org/W4289606390","https://openalex.org/W4306800003","https://openalex.org/W4306820587","https://openalex.org/W4306892735","https://openalex.org/W4321781051","https://openalex.org/W4327713021","https://openalex.org/W4378212147","https://openalex.org/W4379091939","https://openalex.org/W4381997526","https://openalex.org/W4385455963","https://openalex.org/W4387042027","https://openalex.org/W4389659793","https://openalex.org/W4396584367","https://openalex.org/W6675441133","https://openalex.org/W6687483927","https://openalex.org/W6688276461","https://openalex.org/W6690035249","https://openalex.org/W6721245687","https://openalex.org/W6748579715","https://openalex.org/W6755964158","https://openalex.org/W6761030284","https://openalex.org/W6787972765","https://openalex.org/W6794232156","https://openalex.org/W6794315554","https://openalex.org/W6795610815","https://openalex.org/W6795923784","https://openalex.org/W6837876986","https://openalex.org/W6838659796","https://openalex.org/W6841826662","https://openalex.org/W6845499281","https://openalex.org/W6845646833","https://openalex.org/W6846748133","https://openalex.org/W6847851839","https://openalex.org/W6850514209","https://openalex.org/W6851455810","https://openalex.org/W6948116018"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4362597605","https://openalex.org/W1574414179","https://openalex.org/W4297676672","https://openalex.org/W3009056573","https://openalex.org/W2922073769","https://openalex.org/W4281702477","https://openalex.org/W2490526372","https://openalex.org/W4376166922","https://openalex.org/W2069360731","https://openalex.org/W3128011703"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Machine":[1],"learning":[2,44,111],"is":[3,30,94],"among":[4],"the":[5,54,63,68,101,118,123,140,178,190],"most":[6],"widely":[7],"anticipated":[8],"use":[9],"cases":[10],"for":[11,122,177],"near-term":[12],"quantum":[13,42,109,166],"computers,":[14],"however":[15],"there":[16,29],"remain":[17],"significant":[18],"theoretical":[19],"and":[20,81,151,181],"implementation":[21,182],"challenges":[22],"impeding":[23],"its":[24],"scale":[25],"up.":[26],"In":[27,113],"particular,":[28],"an":[31],"emerging":[32],"body":[33],"of":[34,56,65,71,91,120,125,139,149,183,192],"work":[35,172],"which":[36,98,132,187],"suggests":[37],"that":[38,144],"generic,":[39],"data":[40,80],"agnostic":[41],"machine":[43,110],"(QML)":[45],"architectures":[46],"may":[47],"suffer":[48],"from":[49],"severe":[50],"trainability":[51],"issues,":[52],"with":[53,135],"gradient":[55],"typical":[57],"variational":[58],"parameters":[59],"vanishing":[60],"exponentially":[61],"in":[62,104],"number":[64],"qubits.":[66],"Additionally,":[67],"high":[69],"expressibility":[70],"QML":[72,130,185],"models":[73,97,131,186],"can":[74],"lead":[75],"to":[76,88,95,137,169],"overfitting":[77],"on":[78,156],"training":[79],"poor":[82],"generalisation":[83],"performance.":[84],"A":[85],"promising":[86],"strategy":[87],"combat":[89],"both":[90],"these":[92,145],"difficulties":[93],"construct":[96],"explicitly":[99],"respect":[100,136],"symmetries":[102,191],"inherent":[103],"their":[105],"data,":[106],"so-called":[107],"geometric":[108],"(GQML).":[112],"this":[114],"work,":[115],"we":[116],"utilise":[117],"techniques":[119],"GQML":[121],"task":[124],"image":[126,159,163],"classification,":[127],"building":[128],"new":[129],"are":[133,147],"equivariant":[134],"reflections":[138],"images.":[141],"We":[142],"find":[143],"networks":[146],"capable":[148],"consistently":[150],"significantly":[152],"outperforming":[153],"generic":[154],"ansatze":[155],"complicated":[157],"real-world":[158],"datasets,":[160],"bringing":[161],"high-resolution":[162],"classification":[164],"via":[165],"computers":[167],"closer":[168],"reality.":[170],"Our":[171],"highlights":[173],"a":[174],"potential":[175],"pathway":[176],"future":[179],"development":[180],"powerful":[184],"directly":[188],"exploit":[189],"data.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}