{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3046638012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-2153/abab63","title":"Baryon density extraction and isotropy analysis of cosmic microwave background using deep learning","display_name":"Baryon density extraction and isotropy analysis of cosmic microwave background using deep learning","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3046638012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-2153/abab63","mag":"3046638012"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/2632-2153/abab63","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-2153/abab63","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200687","display_name":"Machine Learning Science and Technology","issn_l":"2632-2153","issn":["2632-2153"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning: Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-2153/abab63","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Amit Mishra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4816-1597"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101034","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Hyderabad Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/014ctt859","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101034","https://openalex.org/I74796645"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74796645","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani","ror":"https://ror.org/001p3jz28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amit Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed","Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani - Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani - Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101034","https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Pranath Reddy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101034","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Hyderabad Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/014ctt859","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101034","https://openalex.org/I74796645"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74796645","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani","ror":"https://ror.org/001p3jz28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pranath Reddy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani - Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani - Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101034","https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rahul Nigam","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahul Nigam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101034","https://openalex.org/I74796645"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1962},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1962},"fwci":0.2731,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62193984,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"4","first_page":"045012","last_page":"045012"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.46050000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.46050000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.08340000361204147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12450","display_name":"Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology","score":0.042899999767541885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmic-microwave-background","display_name":"Cosmic microwave background","score":0.9549000263214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-bang-nucleosynthesis","display_name":"Big Bang nucleosynthesis","score":0.5888000130653381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmic-background-radiation","display_name":"Cosmic background radiation","score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isotropy","display_name":"Isotropy","score":0.4934999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-bang","display_name":"Big Bang (financial markets)","score":0.49239999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-density","display_name":"Spectral density","score":0.48649999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baryon","display_name":"Baryon","score":0.48350000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bispectrum","display_name":"Bispectrum","score":0.48030000925064087}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207297109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15605","display_name":"Cosmic microwave background","level":3,"score":0.9549000263214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.7882000207901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16743098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837317","display_name":"Big Bang nucleosynthesis","level":4,"score":0.5888000130653381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.5467000007629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62796785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12902765","display_name":"Cosmic background radiation","level":4,"score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184050105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273163","display_name":"Isotropy","level":2,"score":0.4934999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188386629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2902142","display_name":"Big Bang (financial markets)","level":2,"score":0.49239999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168110828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331626","display_name":"Spectral density","level":2,"score":0.48649999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154153549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159731","display_name":"Baryon","level":2,"score":0.48350000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114148568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2410583","display_name":"Bispectrum","level":3,"score":0.48030000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84999194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1","display_name":"Universe","level":2,"score":0.44209998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26405456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338","display_name":"Cosmology","level":2,"score":0.4287000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.3630000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.3612000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.34929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87485669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2307936","display_name":"CMB cold spot","level":4,"score":0.34369999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59375849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5013513","display_name":"COSMIC cancer database","level":2,"score":0.34220001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85725439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466686","display_name":"Anisotropy","level":2,"score":0.3361000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.335099995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779556658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4008777","display_name":"Cosmic variance","level":4,"score":0.3312999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780740289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519204","display_name":"Sunyaev\u2013Zel'dovich effect","level":4,"score":0.2921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69672822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1670901","display_name":"Reionization","level":4,"score":0.2904999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109214941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18334","display_name":"Particle physics","level":1,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187970030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185086","display_name":"Background radiation","level":3,"score":0.25780001282691956}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1088/2632-2153/abab63","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-2153/abab63","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200687","display_name":"Machine Learning Science and Technology","issn_l":"2632-2153","issn":["2632-2153"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning: Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1903.12253","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1903.12253","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1903.12253","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/2632-2153/abab63","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-2153/abab63","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200687","display_name":"Machine Learning Science and Technology","issn_l":"2632-2153","issn":["2632-2153"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Learning: Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976579441","https://openalex.org/W2001369144","https://openalex.org/W2028501442","https://openalex.org/W2077744352","https://openalex.org/W2082272630","https://openalex.org/W2155709522","https://openalex.org/W2739892638","https://openalex.org/W2894866572","https://openalex.org/W4247615697"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"discovery":[2],"of":[3,18,33,39,47,53,70,81,106,117,133,206,224],"cosmic":[4],"microwave":[5,29],"background":[6,30],"(CMB)":[7],"was":[8],"a":[9,168,178,194],"paradigm":[10],"shift":[11],"in":[12,90,120],"the":[13,19,24,34,54,68,82,86,104,115,125,130,139,145,149,155,159,165,173,204,210,222],"study":[14,69],"and":[15,22,36,44,143,220],"fundamental":[16],"understanding":[17],"early":[20],"Universe":[21],"also":[23],"Big":[25],"Bang":[26],"phenomenon.":[27],"Cosmic":[28],"is":[31,50,77,161,177,183,198],"one":[32,45],"richest":[35],"intriguing":[37],"sources":[38],"information":[40],"available":[41],"to":[42,108,163,186],"cosmologists":[43],"parameter":[46],"special":[48],"interest":[49],"baryon":[51,110,126],"density":[52,57,127],"Universe.":[55],"Baryon":[56],"can":[58],"be":[59],"primarily":[60],"estimated":[61],"by":[62,208],"analyzing":[63],"CMB":[64,107,135,176,182,197,207,213],"data":[65],"or":[66],"through":[67,85],"big":[71],"bang":[72],"nucleosynthesis":[73],"(BBN).":[74],"Hence,":[75],"it":[76],"necessary":[78],"that":[79,175],"both":[80],"results":[83,166],"found":[84],"two":[87],"methods":[88,102],"are":[89,97],"agreement":[91],"with":[92,138,157,212],"each":[93],"other.":[94],"Although":[95],"there":[96],"some":[98],"well":[99],"established":[100],"statistical":[101],"for":[103,147],"analysis":[105],"estimate":[109],"density,":[111],"here":[112,201],"we":[113,202],"explore":[114],"use":[116],"deep":[118],"learning":[119],"this":[121],"respect.":[122],"We":[123,153],"correlate":[124],"obtained":[128],"from":[129,167],"power":[131],"spectrum":[132],"simulated":[134],"temperature":[136,187],"maps":[137,214],"corresponding":[140],"map":[141],"image":[142],"form":[144],"dataset":[146,171],"training":[148,209],"neural":[150,225],"network":[151,226],"model.":[152],"analyze":[154,203],"accuracy":[156],"which":[158],"model":[160,211],"able":[162],"predict":[164],"relatively":[169],"abstract":[170],"considering":[172],"fact":[174],"Gaussian":[179],"random":[180],"field.":[181],"anisotropic":[184],"due":[185],"fluctuations":[188],"at":[189,216],"small":[190],"scales":[191],"but":[192],"on":[193],"larger":[195],"scale":[196],"considered":[199],"isotropic,":[200],"isotropy":[205],"centered":[215],"different":[217],"galactic":[218],"coordinates":[219],"compare":[221],"predictions":[223],"models.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2020-08-07T00:00:00"}
