{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2088511248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0967-1846/5/2/002","title":"The Voltan application programming environment for fail-silent processes","display_name":"The Voltan application programming environment for fail-silent processes","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2088511248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0967-1846/5/2/002","mag":"2088511248"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/0967-1846/5/2/002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0967-1846/5/2/002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87816165","display_name":"Distributed Systems Engineering","issn_l":"0967-1846","issn":["0967-1846","1361-6390"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Distributed Systems Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058949810","display_name":"D. A. Black","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D Black","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Science, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK","Department of Computing Science, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Science, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Science, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035678364","display_name":"Colin Low","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156325","display_name":"Hewlett-Packard (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05g4mtv59","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837","https://openalex.org/I4210156325"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C Low","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hewlett-Packard Research Laboratories, Bristol BS12 6QZ, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hewlett-Packard Research Laboratories, Bristol BS12 6QZ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156325"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048511781","display_name":"Santosh Shrivastava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6105-2785"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S K Shrivastava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Science, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK","Department of Computing Science, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Science, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Science, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0854,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82606965,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"2","first_page":"66","last_page":"77"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8943762183189392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.6543492078781128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.646001935005188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lock","display_name":"Lock (firearm)","score":0.6225543022155762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5831474661827087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.5214616656303406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/determinism","display_name":"Determinism","score":0.5039786696434021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.4808112382888794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/byzantine-fault-tolerance","display_name":"Byzantine fault tolerance","score":0.4392824172973633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4276789128780365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4124709963798523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2718215882778168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.23424014449119568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8943762183189392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.6543492078781128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.646001935005188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174839445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134386","display_name":"Lock (firearm)","level":2,"score":0.6225543022155762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5831474661827087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.5214616656303406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192183473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131133","display_name":"Determinism","level":2,"score":0.5039786696434021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4808112382888794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168021876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1353446","display_name":"Byzantine fault tolerance","level":3,"score":0.4392824172973633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4276789128780365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4124709963798523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2718215882778168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.23424014449119568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1088/0967-1846/5/2/002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0967-1846/5/2/002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87816165","display_name":"Distributed Systems Engineering","issn_l":"0967-1846","issn":["0967-1846","1361-6390"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Distributed Systems Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2565029","https://openalex.org/W2016001987","https://openalex.org/W2016944512","https://openalex.org/W2045362872","https://openalex.org/W2067243170","https://openalex.org/W2105202747","https://openalex.org/W2114488210","https://openalex.org/W2125776594","https://openalex.org/W2137868744","https://openalex.org/W2140137276","https://openalex.org/W2152465173","https://openalex.org/W2159481784","https://openalex.org/W2159543655","https://openalex.org/W2170194695"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2122524456","https://openalex.org/W2480576757","https://openalex.org/W2375512239","https://openalex.org/W2064696082","https://openalex.org/W2153545578","https://openalex.org/W2795587724","https://openalex.org/W2145120192","https://openalex.org/W4291700523","https://openalex.org/W4384204139","https://openalex.org/W3017205538"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,48,55,79,95,124],"Voltan":[1,21,30,34,49,74],"software":[2],"library":[3],"for":[4,11,29,91],"building":[5],"distributed":[6,112],"applications":[7,59],"provides":[8,101],"the":[9,40,70,106,154],"support":[10],"(i)":[12],"a":[13,19,44,84,102,134,138,165],"process":[14,31,36],"pair":[15,141,166],"to":[16,75,128,132],"act":[17],"as":[18,43,160],"single":[20,45],"self-checking":[22,139],"`fail-silent'":[23,135],"process;":[24],"and":[25,158],"(ii)":[26],"connection":[27],"management":[28],"communication.":[32],"A":[33],"fail-silent":[35],"is":[37,89,127,148],"written":[38],"by":[39,73],"application":[41],"developer":[42],"threaded":[46],"program.":[47],"system":[50],"replicates":[51],"this":[52,99,146],"program":[53],"transparently.":[54],"active":[56],"replication":[57],"of":[58,86,104,109,116,153],"engenders":[60],"problems":[61],"when":[62],"dealing":[63],"with":[64,77],"non-deterministic":[65],"calculations.":[66],"This":[67],"paper":[68,100],"outlines":[69],"mechanisms":[71],"deployed":[72],"deal":[76],"non-determinism.":[78],"current":[80],"implementation":[81],"can":[82],"achieve":[83],"level":[85],"performance":[87],"that":[88],"suitable":[90],"many":[92],"real-time":[93],"applications.":[94],"work":[96],"described":[97],"in":[98,143,151,167],"way":[103],"solving":[105],"challenging":[107],"problem":[108],"constructing":[110],"fault-tolerant":[111],"computing":[113],"systems":[114],"capable":[115],"tolerating":[117],"Byzantine":[118],"failures,":[119],"using":[120,137],"general-purpose,":[121],"low-cost":[122],"components.":[123],"present":[125],"practice":[126],"employ":[129],"hardware-based":[130],"approaches":[131],"construct":[133],"node":[136],"processor":[140,161],"working":[142],"lock-step.":[144],"However,":[145],"approach":[147],"very":[149],"costly":[150],"terms":[152],"engineering":[155],"effort":[156],"required,":[157],"further,":[159],"speeds":[162],"increase,":[163],"keeping":[164],"lock-step":[168],"execution":[169],"may":[170],"prove":[171],"difficult.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}