{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411589164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2025.2521381","title":"3D printing aspects of fly ash and GGBS admixed binary and ternary blended cementitious mortar","display_name":"3D printing aspects of fly ash and GGBS admixed binary and ternary blended cementitious mortar","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411589164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2025.2521381"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/19648189.2025.2521381","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2025.2521381","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105391359","display_name":"European Journal of Environmental and Civil engineering","issn_l":"1964-8189","issn":["1964-8189","2116-7214"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sanjeet Kumar Mishra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11880225","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Karnataka","ror":"https://ror.org/01hz4v948","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanjeet Kumar Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sustainable Construction and Building Materials Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sustainable Construction and Building Materials Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Bikash Upadhyay","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11880225","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Karnataka","ror":"https://ror.org/01hz4v948","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bikash Upadhyay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025437156","display_name":"Bibhuti B. Das","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9530-8785"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11880225","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Karnataka","ror":"https://ror.org/01hz4v948","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bibhuti Bhusan Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025437156"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1564,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86477229,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"15","first_page":"3393","last_page":"3423"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10783","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11006","display_name":"BIM and Construction Integration","score":0.9739000201225281,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cementitious","display_name":"Cementitious","score":0.7901061773300171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fly-ash","display_name":"Fly ash","score":0.7888118624687195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-granulated-blast-furnace-slag","display_name":"Ground granulated blast-furnace slag","score":0.7086979150772095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortar","display_name":"Mortar","score":0.6709437370300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6199787855148315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ternary-operation","display_name":"Ternary operation","score":0.6141470074653625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.46972930431365967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cement","display_name":"Cement","score":0.38705506920814514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.10833865404129028}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779666059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190","display_name":"Cementitious","level":3,"score":0.7901061773300171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87343466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q236139","display_name":"Fly ash","level":2,"score":0.7888118624687195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33819350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353009","display_name":"Ground granulated blast-furnace slag","level":3,"score":0.7086979150772095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130767629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7905205","display_name":"Mortar","level":2,"score":0.6709437370300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6199787855148315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64452783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1524945","display_name":"Ternary operation","level":2,"score":0.6141470074653625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.46972930431365967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523993062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190","display_name":"Cement","level":2,"score":0.38705506920814514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.10833865404129028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/19648189.2025.2521381","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2025.2521381","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105391359","display_name":"European Journal of Environmental and Civil engineering","issn_l":"1964-8189","issn":["1964-8189","2116-7214"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322724","display_name":"Ministry of Education, India","ror":"https://ror.org/048xjjh50"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1999001238","https://openalex.org/W2009892931","https://openalex.org/W2087917705","https://openalex.org/W2346008302","https://openalex.org/W2406908879","https://openalex.org/W2491290070","https://openalex.org/W2759759944","https://openalex.org/W2790927589","https://openalex.org/W2800427664","https://openalex.org/W2895360774","https://openalex.org/W2902410194","https://openalex.org/W2902994997","https://openalex.org/W2912663310","https://openalex.org/W2914021028","https://openalex.org/W2947719166","https://openalex.org/W2955584588","https://openalex.org/W2968099208","https://openalex.org/W2981563778","https://openalex.org/W3018712310","https://openalex.org/W3037300843","https://openalex.org/W3038869422","https://openalex.org/W3110976172","https://openalex.org/W3136596530","https://openalex.org/W3159240220","https://openalex.org/W3176332993","https://openalex.org/W3181859870","https://openalex.org/W3194061681","https://openalex.org/W3216175685","https://openalex.org/W3217539228","https://openalex.org/W4200436912","https://openalex.org/W4226417836","https://openalex.org/W4366385277","https://openalex.org/W4375858949","https://openalex.org/W4380928577","https://openalex.org/W4386913968","https://openalex.org/W4388250681","https://openalex.org/W4389393295","https://openalex.org/W4391752845","https://openalex.org/W4392010764","https://openalex.org/W4392742190","https://openalex.org/W4393053017","https://openalex.org/W4400721328","https://openalex.org/W4402894574","https://openalex.org/W4409535463","https://openalex.org/W4410111339","https://openalex.org/W6893247817"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997719071","https://openalex.org/W601097507","https://openalex.org/W600175442","https://openalex.org/W2354626621","https://openalex.org/W2242996898","https://openalex.org/W1521906125","https://openalex.org/W2317473556","https://openalex.org/W2368814061","https://openalex.org/W4390733366","https://openalex.org/W1998079547"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,108],"study":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,18,66,79,106,114,131,136,151,163,168,172,175,180,198,261,265,281,289,302],"integration":[4],"of":[5,20,123,133,194,267,291],"Ground":[6],"Granulated":[7],"Blast":[8],"Furnace":[9],"Slag":[10],"(GGBS)":[11],"and":[12,32,40,54,72,81,93,118,129,145,171,183,217,233,263,274],"fly":[13],"ash":[14],"to":[15,29,89,113,204,246,254,301],"sustainably":[16],"reduce":[17],"usage":[19],"Ordinary":[21],"Portland":[22],"Cement":[23],"(OPC)":[24],"in":[25,226,231,243,257],"3D":[26,268],"printable":[27,269],"mortar":[28,36],"enhance":[30],"printability":[31,42],"engineering":[33],"performance.":[34],"Four":[35],"mixes":[37],"were":[38,56],"developed,":[39],"their":[41,186],"parameters,":[43],"such":[44],"as":[45],"flowability,":[46],"extrudability,":[47],"open":[48,100],"time,":[49],"yield":[50,96],"stress,":[51],"shape":[52,75],"retention,":[53],"buildability,":[55],"assessed.":[57],"Among":[58],"mixes,":[59,83],"O70G30":[60,139],"(70%":[61],"OPC,":[62],"30%":[63],"GGBS)":[64],"showed":[65],"best":[67],"printability,":[68],"with":[69,162,212,239],"an":[70],"18.3%":[71],"54.3%":[73],"higher":[74,95,119,235],"retention":[76],"factor":[77],"than":[78,105,150,192],"control":[80,303],"O70F30":[82],"respectively,":[84],"which":[85,125],"can":[86,110,251],"be":[87,111,252],"attributed":[88,112,253],"improved":[90,201],"particle":[91,116],"packing":[92],"5.5%":[94],"stress.":[97],"However,":[98],"its":[99],"time":[101],"was":[102,189],"22.2%":[103],"lower":[104,142,191,214],"control.":[107],"reduction":[109],"finer":[115],"size":[117],"specific":[120],"surface":[121],"area":[122],"GGBS,":[124],"increased":[126],"water":[127,143,237],"demand":[128],"accelerated":[130],"loss":[132],"workability.":[134],"In":[135],"hardened":[137],"state,":[138],"exhibited":[140,159],"24%":[141],"absorption":[144],"18.5%":[146],"reduced":[147,240],"permeable":[148],"porosity":[149],"control,":[152],"indicating":[153],"a":[154,209,213,272],"denser":[155,210],"microstructure.":[156],"Printed":[157],"specimens":[158],"anisotropic":[160],"strength,":[161],"highest":[164],"values":[165],"observed":[166],"on":[167,174,179],"YZ":[169],"plane":[170],"lowest":[173],"ZX":[176],"plane.":[177],"Depending":[178],"loading":[181],"direction":[182],"mix":[184],"composition,":[185],"compressive":[187],"strength":[188,200],"9.4\u201335.6%":[190],"that":[193,288],"mould-cast":[195],"samples,":[196],"while":[197],"flexural":[199],"by":[202,222],"16.19%":[203],"40.18%.":[205],"Microstructural":[206],"analysis":[207],"revealed":[208,287],"matrix":[211],"Ca/Si":[215],"ratio":[216],"enhanced":[218],"secondary":[219],"hydration,":[220,259],"evidenced":[221],"stronger":[223],"C\u2013S\u2013H":[224],"peaks":[225],"XRD,":[227],"pronounced":[228],"Si\u2013O\u2013Si/Al":[229],"bands":[230],"FTIR,":[232],"41.22%":[234],"bound":[236],"(WH)":[238],"portlandite":[241],"(CH)":[242],"TGA":[244],"compared":[245,300],"O70F30.":[247],"These":[248],"promising":[249],"results":[250],"GGBS\u2019s":[255],"role":[256],"enhancing":[258],"refining":[260],"microstructure,":[262],"improving":[264],"performance":[266],"mortar,":[270],"offering":[271],"sustainable":[273],"effective":[275],"pathway":[276],"for":[277],"digital":[278],"construction.":[279],"Also,":[280],"Life":[282],"Cycle":[283],"Impact":[284],"Analysis":[285],"(LCIA)":[286],"incorporation":[290],"supplementary":[292],"cementitious":[293],"materials":[294],"(SCMs)":[295],"significantly":[296],"reduces":[297],"environmental":[298],"impacts":[299],"mix.":[304]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-15T08:34:33.830935","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}