{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417347920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2025.2599876","title":"3D concrete-printed geocell for reinforcing unbound granular pavement layers","display_name":"3D concrete-printed geocell for reinforcing unbound granular pavement layers","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417347920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2025.2599876"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10298436.2025.2599876","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2025.2599876","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S113349237","display_name":"International Journal of Pavement Engineering","issn_l":"1029-8436","issn":["1029-8436","1477-268X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pavement Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5098216089","display_name":"Bahirathan Koneswaran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57093077","display_name":"Swinburne University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/031rekg67","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96413208","display_name":"Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/014cjmc76","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57093077","https://openalex.org/I96413208"]}],"countries":["AU","MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bahirathan Koneswaran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Sustainable Infrastructure and Digital Construction, Swinburne University of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Sustainable Infrastructure and Digital Construction, Swinburne University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57093077","https://openalex.org/I96413208"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087043313","display_name":"Pathmanathan Rajeev","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57093077","display_name":"Swinburne University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/031rekg67","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96413208","display_name":"Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/014cjmc76","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57093077","https://openalex.org/I96413208"]}],"countries":["AU","MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pathmanathan Rajeev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Sustainable Infrastructure and Digital Construction, Swinburne University of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Sustainable Infrastructure and Digital Construction, Swinburne University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57093077","https://openalex.org/I96413208"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062779840","display_name":"Jay Sanjayan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5400-5988"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57093077","display_name":"Swinburne University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/031rekg67","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96413208","display_name":"Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/014cjmc76","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57093077","https://openalex.org/I96413208"]}],"countries":["AU","MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jay Sanjayan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Sustainable Infrastructure and Digital Construction, Swinburne University of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Sustainable Infrastructure and Digital Construction, Swinburne University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57093077","https://openalex.org/I96413208"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087043313"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57093077","https://openalex.org/I96413208"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.35281542,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":0.8111000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":0.8111000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11952","display_name":"Landfill Environmental Impact Studies","score":0.03480000048875809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13596","display_name":"Grouting, Rheology, and Soil Mechanics","score":0.022199999541044235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granular-material","display_name":"Granular material","score":0.3165999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deformation","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","score":0.31049999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","score":0.29280000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-number","display_name":"Composite number","score":0.2867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asphalt","display_name":"Asphalt","score":0.26759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/material-properties","display_name":"Material properties","score":0.26660001277923584}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6173999905586243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.48249998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.41429999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32568104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155083","display_name":"Granular material","level":2,"score":0.3165999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204366326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3027650","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.31049999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21036866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.29280000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.2867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168056786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202251","display_name":"Asphalt","level":2,"score":0.26759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31555180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3523867","display_name":"Material properties","level":2,"score":0.26660001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.26579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196715460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414356","display_name":"Compaction","level":2,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.25380000472068787}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10298436.2025.2599876","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2025.2599876","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S113349237","display_name":"International Journal of Pavement Engineering","issn_l":"1029-8436","issn":["1029-8436","1477-268X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pavement Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1321793924","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IH180100010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968939492","https://openalex.org/W1980504049","https://openalex.org/W2771471871","https://openalex.org/W2791687708","https://openalex.org/W2794158138","https://openalex.org/W2796304963","https://openalex.org/W2886982351","https://openalex.org/W3020961698","https://openalex.org/W3041560494","https://openalex.org/W3042882072","https://openalex.org/W3133583919","https://openalex.org/W3159995911","https://openalex.org/W4206318680","https://openalex.org/W4210588828","https://openalex.org/W4280492907","https://openalex.org/W4283814826","https://openalex.org/W4311791756","https://openalex.org/W4313398580","https://openalex.org/W4313856922","https://openalex.org/W4321786129","https://openalex.org/W4321792880","https://openalex.org/W4362614750","https://openalex.org/W4362662016","https://openalex.org/W4378512823","https://openalex.org/W4386582587","https://openalex.org/W4392962539","https://openalex.org/W4400076379","https://openalex.org/W4400223427","https://openalex.org/W4401052993","https://openalex.org/W4404613052","https://openalex.org/W4404801854","https://openalex.org/W4405187167","https://openalex.org/W4409454374","https://openalex.org/W4410515396","https://openalex.org/W4410635883","https://openalex.org/W4411739113"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Extensive":[0],"research":[1],"is":[2,52],"being":[3],"conducted":[4],"in":[5,74],"3D":[6,49],"concrete":[7,134,145],"printing":[8],"(3DcP)":[9],"for":[10,70],"automating":[11],"building":[12],"construction.":[13,31],"However,":[14,147],"only":[15],"a":[16,132,143],"limited":[17],"number":[18],"of":[19,25,66,85,114,180],"studies":[20],"have":[21],"investigated":[22],"the":[23,45,56,64,86,94,111,115,138,148,152,162,176,181,188],"possibility":[24],"using":[26,48,67,104],"it":[27],"to":[28,38,79,121,187],"automate":[29],"pavement":[30,77,102,190],"This":[32,61],"study":[33,62],"proposes":[34],"an":[35],"innovative":[36],"method":[37],"create":[39],"geocells":[40],"with":[41,55,93],"varying":[42],"shapes":[43],"along":[44],"vertical":[46],"direction":[47],"printing,":[50],"which":[51],"not":[53],"possible":[54],"currently":[57],"available":[58],"geocell":[59,88,98,135,150,164,173],"technology.":[60],"evaluates":[63],"feasibility":[65],"aggregate-bed":[68,116],"3DcP":[69,87,117,133,149,172],"selectively":[71],"binding":[72],"aggregates":[73],"unbound":[75],"granular":[76],"layers":[78],"provide":[80],"geocell-type":[81],"confinement.":[82],"The":[83,126],"performance":[84],"confined":[89,99],"section":[90],"was":[91],"compared":[92,186],"commonly":[95],"used":[96],"plastic":[97,163],"and":[100],"unconfined":[101,189],"sections":[103],"laboratory-scale":[105],"plate":[106],"load":[107],"test":[108],"results.":[109],"Further,":[110],"mechanical":[112],"properties":[113,141],"specimens":[118],"were":[119],"determined":[120],"assess":[122],"its":[123],"structural":[124],"capacity.":[125],"interlayer":[127],"bond":[128],"strength":[129,140],"showed":[130],"that":[131],"cannot":[136],"achieve":[137],"same":[139],"as":[142],"mould-cast":[144],"geocell.":[146],"provided":[151],"strongest":[153],"confinement":[154,174],"effect":[155],"at":[156,167],"relatively":[157],"low":[158],"strain":[159],"levels,":[160],"while":[161],"performed":[165],"better":[166],"higher":[168],"strain/pressure":[169],"levels.":[170],"Overall,":[171],"improved":[175],"ultimate":[177],"bearing":[178],"capacity":[179],"subbase":[182],"layer":[183],"by":[184],"50%":[185],"section.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-14T06:11:07.267592","created_date":"2025-12-16T00:00:00"}
