{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2007020643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0899340950060105","title":"(In)Formal Methods: Teaching Program Derivation Via the Moore Method","display_name":"(In)Formal Methods: Teaching Program Derivation Via the Moore Method","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2007020643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0899340950060105","mag":"2007020643"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/0899340950060105","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0899340950060105","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97147119","display_name":"Computer Science Education","issn_l":"0899-3408","issn":["0899-3408","1744-5175"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Science Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061637086","display_name":"James A. Foster","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6770-6521"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155093810","display_name":"University of Idaho","ror":"https://ror.org/03hbp5t65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"James A. Foster","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Idaho"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Idaho","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009657997","display_name":"Michael Barnett","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155093810","display_name":"University of Idaho","ror":"https://ror.org/03hbp5t65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Barnett","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Idaho"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Idaho","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017933163","display_name":"Karen Van Houten","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155093810","display_name":"University of Idaho","ror":"https://ror.org/03hbp5t65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karen Van Houten","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Idaho"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Idaho","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052350543","display_name":"Luke Sheneman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8781-2041"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155093810","display_name":"University of Idaho","ror":"https://ror.org/03hbp5t65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luke Sheneman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Idaho"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Idaho","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061637086"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16887417,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":"67","last_page":"91"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7654428482055664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-proof","display_name":"Mathematical proof","score":0.7241604924201965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subject-matter","display_name":"Subject matter","score":0.6327857971191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.601408839225769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curriculum","display_name":"Curriculum","score":0.5807874798774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teaching-method","display_name":"Teaching method","score":0.5697822570800781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-methods","display_name":"Formal methods","score":0.527157723903656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subject","display_name":"Subject (documents)","score":0.4801861047744751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4274784028530121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3125097155570984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogy","display_name":"Pedagogy","score":0.17444738745689392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11497682332992554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.10073718428611755}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7654428482055664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.7241604924201965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992860105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7631392","display_name":"Subject matter","level":3,"score":0.6327857971191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.601408839225769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.5807874798774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88610354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813494","display_name":"Teaching method","level":2,"score":0.5697822570800781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75606506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049183","display_name":"Formal methods","level":2,"score":0.527157723903656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021","display_name":"Subject (documents)","level":2,"score":0.4801861047744751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4274784028530121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3125097155570984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.17444738745689392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11497682332992554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.10073718428611755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/0899340950060105","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0899340950060105","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97147119","display_name":"Computer Science Education","issn_l":"0899-3408","issn":["0899-3408","1744-5175"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Science Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.40.2717","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.40.2717","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ftp://ftp.cs.uidaho.edu/pub/techreports/LAL-94-01.ps.Z","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7699999809265137,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W46076898","https://openalex.org/W131961079","https://openalex.org/W253048824","https://openalex.org/W577802936","https://openalex.org/W588377879","https://openalex.org/W594081422","https://openalex.org/W647327755","https://openalex.org/W1480119827","https://openalex.org/W1511110335","https://openalex.org/W1539335665","https://openalex.org/W1567558468","https://openalex.org/W1765613399","https://openalex.org/W2039621959","https://openalex.org/W2103953153","https://openalex.org/W2150344375","https://openalex.org/W2170705518","https://openalex.org/W4242138495"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2808944898","https://openalex.org/W4254119641","https://openalex.org/W3196207352","https://openalex.org/W2951724202","https://openalex.org/W3084261076","https://openalex.org/W1996614773","https://openalex.org/W4387820098","https://openalex.org/W2576399385","https://openalex.org/W2963408011","https://openalex.org/W4236324517"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Formal":[0],"methods,":[1,51],"the":[2,13,25,62,69,80,83,106,142],"application":[3],"of":[4,27,86],"mathematical":[5],"tools":[6],"to":[7,24,31,49,67,91,125,139],"software":[8],"development,":[9],"are":[10,122],"underrepresented":[11],"in":[12,22,33,105,141],"typical":[14,143],"computer":[15],"science":[16],"(CS)":[17],"curriculum.":[18],"This":[19],"is":[20],"due":[21],"part":[23],"difficulty":[26],"teaching":[28,58,132],"this":[29,131],"material":[30,119],"students":[32,66,81,115],"an":[34,41],"engaging":[35],"and":[36,89,97,121],"meaningful":[37],"way.":[38],"We":[39],"offered":[40],"experimental":[42],"course":[43],"on":[44,99],"derivational":[45],"programming,":[46],"one":[47],"approach":[48],"formal":[50],"using":[52],"a":[53,100],"primarily":[54],"nonlecture\u2010oriented":[55],"pedagogy.":[56],"The":[57],"technique,":[59],"known":[60],"as":[61],"Moore":[63],"method,":[64],"requires":[65],"discover":[68],"subject":[70],"matter":[71],"being":[72],"taught":[73],"for":[74],"themselves.":[75],"In":[76],"our":[77],"specific":[78],"case,":[79],"learned":[82,90],"underlying":[84],"mathematics":[85],"program":[87],"derivation":[88],"apply":[92],"it":[93,127],"by":[94],"presenting":[95],"proofs":[96],"derivations":[98],"daily":[101],"basis.":[102],"Professorial":[103],"intervention":[104],"classroom":[107,144],"was":[108],"minimal.":[109],"Our":[110],"experience":[111],"has":[112],"been":[113],"that":[114],"learn":[116],"otherwise":[117],"difficult":[118],"better,":[120],"better":[123],"able":[124,138],"put":[126],"into":[128],"practice,":[129],"with":[130],"technique":[133],"than":[134],"they":[135],"would":[136],"be":[137],"do":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
