{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4353040700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24751839.2023.2183802","title":"Security enhancement and analysis of images using a novel Sudoku-based encryption algorithm","display_name":"Security enhancement and analysis of images using a novel Sudoku-based encryption algorithm","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4353040700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24751839.2023.2183802"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/24751839.2023.2183802","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24751839.2023.2183802","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226961","display_name":"Journal of Information and Telecommunication","issn_l":"2475-1839","issn":["2475-1839","2475-1847"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information and Telecommunication","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24751839.2023.2183802","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090480128","display_name":"Kanaad Deshpande","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7041-4581"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I212738717","display_name":"Dwarkadas J. Sanghvi College of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4hxn32","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I212738717"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kanaad Deshpande","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dwarkadas Jivanlal Sanghvi College of Engineering","Department of Computer Engineering, Dwarkadas Jivanlal Sanghvi College of Engineering, Mumbai, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7041-4581","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dwarkadas Jivanlal Sanghvi College of Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I212738717"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Dwarkadas Jivanlal Sanghvi College of Engineering, Mumbai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I212738717"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000410013","display_name":"Junaid Girkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5524-9757"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I212738717","display_name":"Dwarkadas J. Sanghvi College of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4hxn32","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I212738717"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Junaid Girkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dwarkadas Jivanlal Sanghvi College of Engineering","Department of Computer Engineering, Dwarkadas Jivanlal Sanghvi College of Engineering, Mumbai, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5524-9757","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dwarkadas Jivanlal Sanghvi College of Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I212738717"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Dwarkadas Jivanlal Sanghvi College of Engineering, Mumbai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I212738717"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025325866","display_name":"Ramchandra Mangrulkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9020-0713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I212738717","display_name":"Dwarkadas J. Sanghvi College of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4hxn32","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I212738717"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramchandra Mangrulkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dwarkadas Jivanlal Sanghvi College of Engineering","Department of Computer Engineering, Dwarkadas Jivanlal Sanghvi College of Engineering, Mumbai, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9020-0713","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dwarkadas Jivanlal Sanghvi College of Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I212738717"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Dwarkadas Jivanlal Sanghvi College of Engineering, Mumbai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I212738717"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000410013","https://openalex.org/A5090480128"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I212738717"],"apc_list":{"value":925,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1134},"apc_paid":{"value":925,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1134},"fwci":1.221,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78064245,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"3","first_page":"270","last_page":"303"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11797","display_name":"graph theory and CDMA systems","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.7689743041992188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6299393177032471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.6023185849189758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/row","display_name":"Row","score":0.5434674024581909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5428317785263062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5089197158813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5012028217315674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thresholding","display_name":"Thresholding","score":0.47895199060440063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bitmap","display_name":"Bitmap","score":0.4688820540904999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/row-and-column-spaces","display_name":"Row and column spaces","score":0.4472172260284424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.44366705417633057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3676772713661194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3259509801864624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3096938729286194}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.7689743041992188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6299393177032471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6023185849189758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135598885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366302","display_name":"Row","level":2,"score":0.5434674024581909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5428317785263062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5089197158813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5012028217315674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191178318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2256906","display_name":"Thresholding","level":3,"score":0.47895199060440063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3115412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1194708","display_name":"Bitmap","level":2,"score":0.4688820540904999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104140500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088159","display_name":"Row and column spaces","level":3,"score":0.4472172260284424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.44366705417633057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3676772713661194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3259509801864624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3096938729286194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/24751839.2023.2183802","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24751839.2023.2183802","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226961","display_name":"Journal of Information and Telecommunication","issn_l":"2475-1839","issn":["2475-1839","2475-1847"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information and Telecommunication","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:46753c7588f64b0b947f5a1c38316e88","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/46753c7588f64b0b947f5a1c38316e88","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information and Telecommunication, Vol 7, Iss 3, Pp 270-303 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/24751839.2023.2183802","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24751839.2023.2183802","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226961","display_name":"Journal of Information and Telecommunication","issn_l":"2475-1839","issn":["2475-1839","2475-1847"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information and Telecommunication","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488728061","https://openalex.org/W1968811685","https://openalex.org/W1974355178","https://openalex.org/W2022573326","https://openalex.org/W2032946605","https://openalex.org/W2086515950","https://openalex.org/W2093781851","https://openalex.org/W2094449439","https://openalex.org/W2149355402","https://openalex.org/W2153936398","https://openalex.org/W2170334586","https://openalex.org/W2185903905","https://openalex.org/W2206011974","https://openalex.org/W2324508437","https://openalex.org/W2333293737","https://openalex.org/W2507650878","https://openalex.org/W2515138235","https://openalex.org/W2520472180","https://openalex.org/W2588177395","https://openalex.org/W2790755211","https://openalex.org/W2791539936","https://openalex.org/W2885703599","https://openalex.org/W2953672361","https://openalex.org/W2972589598","https://openalex.org/W2976986800","https://openalex.org/W3000448425","https://openalex.org/W3029400806","https://openalex.org/W3095052366","https://openalex.org/W3132084031","https://openalex.org/W3133565686","https://openalex.org/W3137268960","https://openalex.org/W3137867917","https://openalex.org/W3175673413","https://openalex.org/W3215069509","https://openalex.org/W4212962367","https://openalex.org/W4226051286","https://openalex.org/W4248031590","https://openalex.org/W4254938464","https://openalex.org/W4285041269","https://openalex.org/W4285087215","https://openalex.org/W4306154989","https://openalex.org/W4310375895","https://openalex.org/W4312370101"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2313440505","https://openalex.org/W3123744736","https://openalex.org/W1505848319","https://openalex.org/W2137691148","https://openalex.org/W2905020035","https://openalex.org/W4281399881","https://openalex.org/W3166006430","https://openalex.org/W4281971614","https://openalex.org/W2049180840","https://openalex.org/W13798402"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,16,55],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,10,45,50,126,141],"novel":[4],"approach":[5],"for":[6,125],"encrypting":[7],"images":[8],"using":[9,44],"Sudoku":[11,32,51,152],"as":[12,52],"its":[13],"encryption":[14],"key.":[15],"algorithm":[17,118],"uses":[18],"both":[19],"symmetric":[20],"and":[21,34,77,96,112,133,140,159],"asymmetric":[22],"key":[23],"cryptography.":[24],"It":[25],"works":[26],"with":[27,60],"any":[28],"type":[29],"of":[30,41,73,130,138,144,156],"data,":[31],"size,":[33],"keyspace.":[35],"The":[36,106,117,146],"image":[37,56,79,88,99,108,129],"undergoes":[38],"the":[39,53,63,69,74,78,87,94,98,151],"process":[40],"modified":[42],"thresholding,":[43],"pseudo-random":[46],"number":[47],"generated":[48],"from":[49],"threshold.":[54],"is":[57,100,109],"then":[58],"padded":[59],"zeros":[61],"or":[62],"average":[64],"pixel":[65],"values":[66],"to":[67,114],"ensure":[68],"dimensions":[70,131],"are":[71,81,90],"multiples":[72],"Sudoku's":[75],"size":[76],"rows":[80,89],"shuffled":[82],"randomly.":[83],"For":[84],"each":[85],"iteration,":[86],"shuffled,":[91],"followed":[92],"by":[93,103,150],"columns,":[95],"finally,":[97],"rotated":[101],"clockwise":[102],"90":[104],"degrees.":[105],"resultant":[107],"highly":[110],"encrypted":[111],"resilient":[113],"brute-forcing":[115],"methods.":[116],"requires":[119],"roughly":[120],"25":[121],"milliseconds":[122],"per":[123],"iteration":[124],"colored":[127],"square":[128],"512\u00d7512":[132],"has":[134],"an":[135],"NPCR":[136],"value":[137,143],"99.60%":[139],"UACI":[142],"35.65%.":[145],"gargantuan":[147],"keyspace":[148],"offered":[149],"keys":[153],"ensures":[154],"obedience":[155],"Kirchoff's":[157],"principle":[158],"Shannon's":[160],"maxim.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-08-15T07:11:24.734988","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}