{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7161835664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21681163.2026.2663170","title":"Enrichment of machine learning classifiers performance in detection of leukaemia from microarray genes through bio-inspired feature extraction methods \u2013 an overview","display_name":"Enrichment of machine learning classifiers performance in detection of leukaemia from microarray genes through bio-inspired feature extraction methods \u2013 an overview","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7161835664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21681163.2026.2663170"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/21681163.2026.2663170","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21681163.2026.2663170","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764763012","display_name":"Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering Imaging & Visualization","issn_l":"2168-1163","issn":["2168-1163","2168-1171"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging &amp; Visualization","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21681163.2026.2663170","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136541730","display_name":"Rajalashmi Kannan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rajalashmi Kannan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of EEE, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of EEE, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022354867","display_name":"Harikumar Rajaguru","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2792-0945"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harikumar Rajaguru","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of ECE, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of ECE, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5136541730"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59615561,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10885","display_name":"Gene expression and cancer classification","score":0.873199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10885","display_name":"Gene expression and cancer classification","score":0.873199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11213","display_name":"Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities","score":0.021199999377131462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.010599999688565731,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5795999765396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.48739999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.48399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microarray","display_name":"Microarray","score":0.4075999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microarray-analysis-techniques","display_name":"Microarray analysis techniques","score":0.38589999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.3246999979019165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5795999765396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.48739999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.48399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.436599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186836561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931516","display_name":"Microarray","level":4,"score":0.4075999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8415881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6839217","display_name":"Microarray analysis techniques","level":4,"score":0.38589999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.3246999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.3005000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.27309998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/21681163.2026.2663170","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21681163.2026.2663170","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764763012","display_name":"Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering Imaging & Visualization","issn_l":"2168-1163","issn":["2168-1163","2168-1171"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging &amp; Visualization","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6f7ae4b77c494c92a4ed9fc5449be2db","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6f7ae4b77c494c92a4ed9fc5449be2db","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging & Visualization, Vol 14, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/21681163.2026.2663170","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21681163.2026.2663170","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764763012","display_name":"Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering Imaging & Visualization","issn_l":"2168-1163","issn":["2168-1163","2168-1171"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging &amp; Visualization","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976368412","https://openalex.org/W1993885071","https://openalex.org/W2061438946","https://openalex.org/W2062728845","https://openalex.org/W2068141066","https://openalex.org/W2091129902","https://openalex.org/W2101812529","https://openalex.org/W2109363337","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2164732415","https://openalex.org/W2290883490","https://openalex.org/W2297013132","https://openalex.org/W2554616561","https://openalex.org/W2558502346","https://openalex.org/W2783758492","https://openalex.org/W2795892015","https://openalex.org/W2801148351","https://openalex.org/W2884338375","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2913302020","https://openalex.org/W2921983479","https://openalex.org/W2972638668","https://openalex.org/W4281656676","https://openalex.org/W4319310916","https://openalex.org/W4323835862","https://openalex.org/W4353047020","https://openalex.org/W4360616010","https://openalex.org/W4385828691","https://openalex.org/W4386438078","https://openalex.org/W4386782410"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Early":[0],"and":[1,41,54,85,92,109],"accurate":[2],"detection":[3,156],"of":[4,29,131,148],"leukaemia":[5,35,155],"is":[6],"essential":[7],"for":[8,34,60,153],"improving":[9],"treatment":[10],"outcomes;":[11],"however,":[12],"achieving":[13],"high":[14],"diagnostic":[15],"reliability":[16],"from":[17],"high-dimensional":[18],"microarray":[19],"gene":[20,61],"data":[21],"remains":[22],"challenging.":[23],"This":[24],"study":[25],"investigates":[26],"the":[27,114,117,128,146,160],"application":[28],"optimised":[30,149],"machine":[31,150],"learning":[32,151],"frameworks":[33],"classification":[36,141],"through":[37],"systematic":[38],"feature":[39,66,133],"selection":[40,67,134],"classifier":[42],"optimisation.":[43],"Metaheuristic":[44],"algorithms\u2014whale":[45],"optimisation":[46],"algorithm,":[47],"Grey":[48],"Wolf":[49],"Optimisation,":[50],"Particle":[51],"Swarm":[52],"Optimisation":[53],"Flower":[55],"Pollination":[56],"Algorithm":[57],"\u2014were":[58],"employed":[59],"subset":[62],"extraction,":[63],"followed":[64],"by":[65],"using":[68,97],"Invasive":[69],"Weed":[70],"Optimisationand":[71],"Harmonic":[72],"Search.":[73],"Multiple":[74],"classifiers,":[75],"including":[76],"K-Nearest":[77],"Neighbors,":[78],"Decision":[79],"Tree,":[80],"Na\u00efve":[81],"Bayes,":[82],"Random":[83],"Forest,":[84],"Support":[86],"Vector":[87],"Machine":[88],"with":[89,135],"linear,":[90],"polynomial":[91],"RBF":[93],"kernels,":[94],"were":[95],"evaluated":[96,115],"Accuracy,":[98],"F1":[99],"score,":[100],"MCC,":[101],"Error":[102],"Rate,":[103],"Critical":[104],"Success":[105],"Index":[106],"(CSI),":[107],"G-mean":[108],"Cohen's":[110],"Kappa.":[111],"Among":[112],"all":[113],"combinations,":[116],"PSO\u2013HS\u2013SVM":[118],"(RBF)":[119],"framework":[120],"achieved":[121],"superior":[122],"performance.":[123,142],"The":[124],"findings":[125],"demonstrate":[126],"that":[127,159],"synergistic":[129],"integration":[130],"optimisation-based":[132],"nonlinear":[136],"SVM":[137],"classifiers":[138],"substantially":[139],"enhances":[140],"These":[143],"results":[144],"highlight":[145],"potential":[147],"approaches":[152],"reliable":[154],"while":[157],"emphasising":[158],"conclusions":[161],"are":[162],"limited":[163],"to":[164],"computational":[165],"validation.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-15T08:34:33.830935","created_date":"2026-05-21T00:00:00"}
