{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7124683873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475683.2026.2617191","title":"Modified Priority-Flood algorithm for hydrologic modelling-based digital terrain analysis using a hash heap structure","display_name":"Modified Priority-Flood algorithm for hydrologic modelling-based digital terrain analysis using a hash heap structure","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7124683873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475683.2026.2617191"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/19475683.2026.2617191","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475683.2026.2617191","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19475683.2026.2617191?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199948","display_name":"Annals of GIS","issn_l":"1947-5683","issn":["1947-5683","1947-5691"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of GIS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19475683.2026.2617191?needAccess=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002089827","display_name":"Lejun Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9242-5054"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166603","display_name":"Jinling Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05em1gq62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166603"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lejun Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hohai University","Jinling Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hohai University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jinling Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166603"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123296919","display_name":"Yue Yuan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166603","display_name":"Jinling Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05em1gq62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166603"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jinling Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jinling Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166603"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5096733133","display_name":"Huan WANG","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111986","display_name":"Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02403qw73","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111986"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Huan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114859771","display_name":"Xingnan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4289-1865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingnan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hohai University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hohai University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123318895","display_name":"Huihui Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166603","display_name":"Jinling Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05em1gq62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166603"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huihui Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jinling Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jinling Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166603"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5096733133"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111986"],"apc_list":{"value":1500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1500},"apc_paid":{"value":1500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1500},"fwci":4.0292,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87884578,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"2","first_page":"351","last_page":"365"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10330","display_name":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","score":0.9409999847412109,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10330","display_name":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","score":0.9409999847412109,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.007199999876320362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.004999999888241291,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-elevation-model","display_name":"Digital elevation model","score":0.5005999803543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-structure","display_name":"Data structure","score":0.48570001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.47760000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hash-function","display_name":"Hash function","score":0.4742000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.41850000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heap","display_name":"Heap (data structure)","score":0.41350001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.412200003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/priority-queue","display_name":"Priority queue","score":0.3833000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.3783000111579895}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7663999795913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5579000115394592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181843262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640492","display_name":"Digital elevation model","level":2,"score":0.5005999803543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162319229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175263","display_name":"Data structure","level":2,"score":0.48570001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.47760000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99138194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183427","display_name":"Hash function","level":2,"score":0.4742000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.43779999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.41850000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134757568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274089","display_name":"Heap (data structure)","level":2,"score":0.41350001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.412200003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26951474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629283","display_name":"Priority queue","level":3,"score":0.3833000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.3783000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9770341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.3646000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3424000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67388219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207440","display_name":"Hash table","level":3,"score":0.3165999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.30550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10551718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227332","display_name":"Data pre-processing","level":2,"score":0.3025999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197129107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1921621","display_name":"Merge (version control)","level":2,"score":0.290800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.2791000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C311688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393193","display_name":"Time complexity","level":2,"score":0.271699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.2712000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2700999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2678000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125583679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q755673","display_name":"Search algorithm","level":2,"score":0.26170000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120938966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5275845","display_name":"Digital Earth","level":2,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160403385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220543","display_name":"Queue","level":2,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.2565000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.25220000743865967}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/19475683.2026.2617191","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475683.2026.2617191","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19475683.2026.2617191?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199948","display_name":"Annals of GIS","issn_l":"1947-5683","issn":["1947-5683","1947-5691"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of GIS","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4873d4da5e4c4362a529766771c1ad76","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4873d4da5e4c4362a529766771c1ad76","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Annals of GIS, Vol 32, Iss 2, Pp 351-365 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/19475683.2026.2617191","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475683.2026.2617191","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19475683.2026.2617191?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199948","display_name":"Annals of GIS","issn_l":"1947-5683","issn":["1947-5683","1947-5691"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of GIS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G231358595","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFC3002902","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2790126592","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202211","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4975820294","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022074","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7963650187","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2240216","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322423","display_name":"Ministry of Water Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/04e698d63"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327505","display_name":"Jinling Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05em1gq62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7124683873.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7124683873.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1668564613","https://openalex.org/W1743582711","https://openalex.org/W1945855462","https://openalex.org/W1957695582","https://openalex.org/W1964515147","https://openalex.org/W1972889179","https://openalex.org/W1979626627","https://openalex.org/W1985167980","https://openalex.org/W1987066518","https://openalex.org/W2008463365","https://openalex.org/W2011012952","https://openalex.org/W2017139787","https://openalex.org/W2078892359","https://openalex.org/W2084973817","https://openalex.org/W2087536601","https://openalex.org/W2090915513","https://openalex.org/W2094887943","https://openalex.org/W2101457718","https://openalex.org/W2120492892","https://openalex.org/W2136168272","https://openalex.org/W2142198950","https://openalex.org/W2153978805","https://openalex.org/W2168992062","https://openalex.org/W2170801163","https://openalex.org/W2170876537","https://openalex.org/W2197092175","https://openalex.org/W2275504970","https://openalex.org/W2295827467","https://openalex.org/W2461996201","https://openalex.org/W2472552807","https://openalex.org/W2516924353","https://openalex.org/W2559656908","https://openalex.org/W2793533976","https://openalex.org/W2806261660","https://openalex.org/W2905234499","https://openalex.org/W2952782811","https://openalex.org/W2963564130","https://openalex.org/W3003861044","https://openalex.org/W3015550252","https://openalex.org/W3022615942","https://openalex.org/W3023395660","https://openalex.org/W3041868390","https://openalex.org/W3138878020","https://openalex.org/W3151496503","https://openalex.org/W3188668872","https://openalex.org/W3215647728","https://openalex.org/W4243489467","https://openalex.org/W4362699254","https://openalex.org/W4366251448","https://openalex.org/W4367298547","https://openalex.org/W4377968771","https://openalex.org/W4379739787","https://openalex.org/W4383222766","https://openalex.org/W4389410323","https://openalex.org/W4400475738","https://openalex.org/W4416092901","https://openalex.org/W4416132403"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Digital":[0],"elevation":[1],"models":[2],"(DEMs)":[3],"employed":[4],"in":[5,22,98,114,133,144,229],"hydrological":[6,24],"simulations":[7],"require":[8],"preprocessing":[9],"to":[10,92,110,176,192],"mitigate":[11],"the":[12,34,44,69,94,99,103,148,181,193,203,207,214,218],"adverse":[13],"effects":[14],"of":[15,37,47,78,105,150,187,217,231],"depressions,":[16,33],"which":[17],"represents":[18],"a":[19,55,84,121,130],"foundational":[20],"challenge":[21],"physics-based":[23],"modelling.":[25],"Although":[26],"various":[27],"methods":[28],"exist":[29],"for":[30,58,154,158,163,242],"processing":[31],"DEM":[32,38,171],"growing":[35],"volume":[36],"data":[39,86],"imposes":[40],"increasing":[41,199],"demands":[42],"on":[43],"computational":[45,52,185,215,240],"efficiency":[46,96],"existing":[48,226],"algorithms.":[49],"Given":[50],"that":[51,124,180],"performance":[53,113,216],"is":[54],"critical":[56],"criterion":[57],"method":[59],"selection":[60],"among":[61],"spatial":[62],"hydrology":[63],"practitioners,":[64],"this":[65],"study":[66],"built":[67],"upon":[68],"fastest":[70,194],"monolithic":[71,195],"Priority-Flood":[72,196,219,227],"algorithm":[73,183,197,220],"and":[74,108,146,160,165,238],"introduced":[75],"an":[76,236],"optimization":[77],"its":[79],"priority":[80,209],"queue":[81,112],"mechanism":[82],"using":[83],"hybrid":[85],"structure":[87,205],"(Hash":[88],"Heap":[89],"(HHeap))":[90],"designed":[91],"address":[93],"identified":[95],"bottlenecks":[97],"queue.":[100],"HHeap":[101,204],"integrates":[102],"advantages":[104],"hash":[106],"tables":[107],"heaps":[109],"optimize":[111],"geospatial":[115],"computations.":[116],"The":[117],"proposed":[118],"architecture":[119],"features":[120],"dual-component":[122],"design":[123],"achieves":[125],"two":[126],"key":[127],"improvements:":[128],"(1)":[129],"substantial":[131],"reduction":[132],"structural":[134],"reorganization":[135],"frequency":[136],"caused":[137],"by":[138],"repetitive":[139],"terrain":[140,244],"patterns":[141],"commonly":[142],"encountered":[143],"DEMs":[145],"(2)":[147],"preservation":[149],"optimal":[151],"time":[152],"complexity":[153],"core":[155],"operations":[156],"(O(1)":[157],"queries":[159],"O(log":[161],"n)":[162],"insertions":[164],"deletions).":[166],"Empirical":[167],"evaluations":[168],"across":[169],"multiscale":[170],"datasets":[172],"(ranging":[173],"from":[174],"108":[175],"1010":[177],"cells)":[178],"demonstrated":[179],"enhanced":[182],"achieved":[184],"speedups":[186],"2\u201325%":[188],"(mean:":[189],"10%)":[190],"relative":[191],"without":[198],"memory":[200],"consumption.":[201],"Since":[202],"optimizes":[206],"original":[208],"queue,":[210],"it":[211],"significantly":[212],"enhances":[213],"while":[221],"maintaining":[222],"complete":[223],"consistency":[224],"with":[225],"variants":[228],"terms":[230],"accuracy.":[232],"This":[233],"feature":[234],"provides":[235],"efficient":[237],"reliable":[239],"foundation":[241],"next-generation":[243],"analysis":[245],"systems.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-15T08:34:33.830935","created_date":"2026-01-20T00:00:00"}
