{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390588664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475683.2023.2298979","title":"Zero watermarking algorithm for BIM data based on distance partitioning and local feature","display_name":"Zero watermarking algorithm for BIM data based on distance partitioning and local feature","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390588664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475683.2023.2298979"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/19475683.2023.2298979","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19475683.2023.2298979","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19475683.2023.2298979?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199948","display_name":"Annals of GIS","issn_l":"1947-5683","issn":["1947-5683","1947-5691"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of GIS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19475683.2023.2298979?needAccess=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102809502","display_name":"Qianwen Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3887-5235"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152031979","display_name":"Nanjing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/036trcv74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qianwen Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education","Zhengzhou University","Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China","State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhengzhou University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038264113","display_name":"Na Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1113-6494"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118612203","display_name":"Hunan Police Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/02gh10772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118612203"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152031979","display_name":"Nanjing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/036trcv74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Na Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hunan Engineering Research Center of Geographic Information Security and Application","Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education","Hunan Engineering Research Center of Geographic Information Security and Application, Changsha, China","State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China","Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hunan Engineering Research Center of Geographic Information Security and Application","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118612203"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hunan Engineering Research Center of Geographic Information Security and Application, Changsha, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101423965","display_name":"Changqing Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0813-2297"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152031979","display_name":"Nanjing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/036trcv74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changqing Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education","State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China","Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079988671","display_name":"Qifei Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8268-4666"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152031979","display_name":"Nanjing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/036trcv74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qifei Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education","Zhengzhou University","School of Geoscience and Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhengzhou University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geoscience and Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038264113"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118612203","https://openalex.org/I152031979"],"apc_list":{"value":1500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1500},"apc_paid":{"value":1500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1500},"fwci":0.265,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.45587374,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"2","first_page":"251","last_page":"265"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12698","display_name":"3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications","score":0.9728999733924866,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9211999773979187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.8510563373565674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watermark","display_name":"Watermark","score":0.696592390537262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6233857870101929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6083266139030457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.602023184299469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5583227276802063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skewness","display_name":"Skewness","score":0.5301079750061035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2420932650566101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2290838658809662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.19027841091156006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.16819000244140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10032403469085693}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.8510563373565674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164112704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7974348","display_name":"Watermark","level":3,"score":0.696592390537262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6233857870101929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6083266139030457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.602023184299469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5583227276802063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122342681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330828","display_name":"Skewness","level":2,"score":0.5301079750061035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2420932650566101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2290838658809662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.19027841091156006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.16819000244140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10032403469085693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/19475683.2023.2298979","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19475683.2023.2298979","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19475683.2023.2298979?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199948","display_name":"Annals of GIS","issn_l":"1947-5683","issn":["1947-5683","1947-5691"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of GIS","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5d2d8be04beb4dbfb6e86bbf8d66aacf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5d2d8be04beb4dbfb6e86bbf8d66aacf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Annals of GIS, Vol 30, Iss 2, Pp 251-265 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/19475683.2023.2298979","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19475683.2023.2298979","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19475683.2023.2298979?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199948","display_name":"Annals of GIS","issn_l":"1947-5683","issn":["1947-5683","1947-5691"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of GIS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7443199615","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42071362","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390588664.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2024896203","https://openalex.org/W2057549768","https://openalex.org/W2144040585","https://openalex.org/W2607115199","https://openalex.org/W2736706446","https://openalex.org/W2885531592","https://openalex.org/W2911342611","https://openalex.org/W3017174852","https://openalex.org/W3025688857","https://openalex.org/W3080344496","https://openalex.org/W3088453945","https://openalex.org/W3088984785","https://openalex.org/W3092514202","https://openalex.org/W3096964120","https://openalex.org/W3160092630","https://openalex.org/W4221028655","https://openalex.org/W4226241018","https://openalex.org/W4281289212","https://openalex.org/W4291825004","https://openalex.org/W4295132062","https://openalex.org/W4308456703","https://openalex.org/W4313654274","https://openalex.org/W4320180811","https://openalex.org/W4320480083","https://openalex.org/W4327813902","https://openalex.org/W4366393293","https://openalex.org/W4377246687","https://openalex.org/W4383198353"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137394636","https://openalex.org/W2358993821","https://openalex.org/W1516446231","https://openalex.org/W2098152888","https://openalex.org/W1559740347","https://openalex.org/W2040356834","https://openalex.org/W2080353903","https://openalex.org/W2385289568","https://openalex.org/W2381486749","https://openalex.org/W2361184779"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACTZero":[0],"watermarking":[1,37,63,117,156],"constructs":[2],"the":[3,8,11,16,27,42,60,110,122,129,136,140,144,150,154,163,167,175,200,207,217],"watermark":[4,165],"information":[5,31],"according":[6],"to":[7,70,74,78,138,161,187],"characteristics":[9],"of":[10,29,44,54,59,124,166,202,212],"original":[12,155],"data,":[13],"without":[14],"changing":[15],"data":[17,20,24,46,76,79,91,182,227],"structure":[18,80],"and":[19,96,116,128,153,185,194],"accuracy.":[21],"Maintaining":[22],"high":[23],"accuracy":[25],"is":[26,38,51,99,119,126,133,147,214],"premise":[28],"building":[30],"modelling":[32],"(BIM)":[33],"usability,":[34],"so":[35],"zero":[36,62,164,176],"a":[39,52,86],"hotspot":[40],"in":[41,210],"research":[43],"BIM":[45,49,75,90,168,181,226],"security":[47],"protection.":[48,229],"model":[50],"type":[53],"3D":[55,66],"model,":[56],"however,":[57],"most":[58],"existing":[61],"algorithms":[64],"for":[65,89,225],"models":[67],"are":[68,183],"difficult":[69],"be":[71],"better":[72],"applied":[73],"due":[77],"differences.":[81],"To":[82],"solve":[83],"this":[84,203],"problem,":[85],"zero-watermarking":[87],"algorithm":[88,205,209,219],"based":[92,105],"on":[93,106,149],"distance":[94],"partitioning":[95,104],"skewness":[97,123,130],"measure":[98,131],"proposed.":[100],"Firstly,":[101],"after":[102],"spatial":[103],"element":[107,190,192],"paradigm":[108],"value,":[109],"mapping":[111],"relationship":[112],"between":[113],"different":[114,180],"partitions":[115],"bits":[118],"established.":[120],"Then,":[121],"elements":[125],"calculated,":[127],"sign":[132],"used":[134],"as":[135],"feature":[137],"obtain":[139],"binary":[141,151],"sequence.":[142],"Finally,":[143],"dissimilarity":[145],"operation":[146],"performed":[148],"sequence":[152,157],"which":[158],"was":[159],"disordered":[160],"construct":[162],"data.":[169],"The":[170],"experimental":[171],"results":[172],"show":[173],"that":[174],"watermarks":[177],"constructed":[178],"from":[179],"unique":[184],"robust":[186],"translation,":[188],"rotation,":[189],"deletion,":[191],"addition,":[193,199],"format":[195],"conversion":[196],"attacks.":[197],"In":[198],"superiority":[201],"paper\u2019s":[204],"over":[206],"comparison":[208],"terms":[211],"robustness":[213],"compared.":[215],"Therefore,":[216],"proposed":[218],"can":[220],"effectively":[221],"provide":[222],"technical":[223],"support":[224],"copyright":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-02-13T13:36:01.753593","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
