{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2043382905","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18756891.2008.9727613","title":"Clinical Decision Support Systems: A Review on Knowledge Representation and Inference Under Uncertainties","display_name":"Clinical Decision Support Systems: A Review on Knowledge Representation and Inference Under Uncertainties","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2043382905","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18756891.2008.9727613","mag":"2043382905"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/18756891.2008.9727613","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18756891.2008.9727613","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190680769","display_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","issn_l":"1875-6883","issn":["1875-6883","1875-6891"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18756891.2008.9727613","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002272507","display_name":"Guilan Kong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-1644"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guilan Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manchester Business School (East) , The University of Manchester , Manchester , M15 6PB , United Kingdom","Manchester Business School (East), The University of Manchester, Manchester M15 6PB, United Kingdom#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manchester Business School (East) , The University of Manchester , Manchester , M15 6PB , United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manchester Business School (East), The University of Manchester, Manchester M15 6PB, United Kingdom#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030611924","display_name":"Dong\u2010Ling Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4480-1611"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong-Ling Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manchester Business School (East) , The University of Manchester , Manchester , M15 6PB , United Kingdom","Manchester Business School (East), The University of Manchester, Manchester M15 6PB, United Kingdom#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manchester Business School (East) , The University of Manchester , Manchester , M15 6PB , United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manchester Business School (East), The University of Manchester, Manchester M15 6PB, United Kingdom#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113584912","display_name":"Jian-Bo Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian-Bo Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manchester Business School (East) , The University of Manchester , Manchester , M15 6PB , United Kingdom","Manchester Business School (East), The University of Manchester, Manchester M15 6PB, United Kingdom#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manchester Business School (East) , The University of Manchester , Manchester , M15 6PB , United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manchester Business School (East), The University of Manchester, Manchester M15 6PB, United Kingdom#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002272507"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"apc_list":{"value":1390,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1704},"apc_paid":{"value":1390,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1704},"fwci":12.3185,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":119,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98482044,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"2","first_page":"159","last_page":"167"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.9855999946594238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.9803000092506409,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.726214587688446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6613966226577759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-decision-support-system","display_name":"Clinical decision support system","score":0.6332762837409973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-support-system","display_name":"Decision support system","score":0.526653528213501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5083503127098083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.43837684392929077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation-and-reasoning","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","score":0.4347640872001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4337593913078308}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.726214587688446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6613966226577759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63527458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133829","display_name":"Clinical decision support system","level":3,"score":0.6332762837409973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.526653528213501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5083503127098083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.43837684392929077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.4347640872001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4337593913078308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/18756891.2008.9727613","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18756891.2008.9727613","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190680769","display_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","issn_l":"1875-6883","issn":["1875-6883","1875-6891"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/3c6a4a88-fdb7-4054-8a9a-5e3d9711943b","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/clinical-decision-support-systems-a-review-on-knowledge-representation-and-inference-under-uncertainties(3c6a4a88-fdb7-4054-8a9a-5e3d9711943b).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/18756891.2008.9727613","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18756891.2008.9727613","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190680769","display_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","issn_l":"1875-6883","issn":["1875-6883","1875-6891"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W34420183","https://openalex.org/W127096774","https://openalex.org/W139226361","https://openalex.org/W167626466","https://openalex.org/W330079012","https://openalex.org/W1548728152","https://openalex.org/W1575299321","https://openalex.org/W1578925735","https://openalex.org/W1602388384","https://openalex.org/W1973957862","https://openalex.org/W1974743770","https://openalex.org/W1977563779","https://openalex.org/W1995350100","https://openalex.org/W1998505450","https://openalex.org/W2003736154","https://openalex.org/W2004879943","https://openalex.org/W2009576752","https://openalex.org/W2012051692","https://openalex.org/W2012718379","https://openalex.org/W2018143521","https://openalex.org/W2021372003","https://openalex.org/W2025296188","https://openalex.org/W2029356685","https://openalex.org/W2040702235","https://openalex.org/W2045925185","https://openalex.org/W2047377494","https://openalex.org/W2061464463","https://openalex.org/W2062884568","https://openalex.org/W2068663186","https://openalex.org/W2069131626","https://openalex.org/W2071044638","https://openalex.org/W2072387828","https://openalex.org/W2098044946","https://openalex.org/W2104179665","https://openalex.org/W2115441252","https://openalex.org/W2120160105","https://openalex.org/W2122540544","https://openalex.org/W2128908119","https://openalex.org/W2129888816","https://openalex.org/W2130455574","https://openalex.org/W2131006578","https://openalex.org/W2139955553","https://openalex.org/W2140364226","https://openalex.org/W2142475479","https://openalex.org/W2159312907","https://openalex.org/W2170907562","https://openalex.org/W2202284794","https://openalex.org/W2332724625","https://openalex.org/W2405265516","https://openalex.org/W2461135208","https://openalex.org/W2535343259","https://openalex.org/W2607189868","https://openalex.org/W2913368694","https://openalex.org/W2914368397","https://openalex.org/W3107201224","https://openalex.org/W3142340468","https://openalex.org/W4234394273","https://openalex.org/W4240266056","https://openalex.org/W4255971387","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4302157315"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4284672748","https://openalex.org/W4318980254","https://openalex.org/W3025970878","https://openalex.org/W1574479303","https://openalex.org/W2401529817","https://openalex.org/W2990439182","https://openalex.org/W1782193986","https://openalex.org/W2232788410","https://openalex.org/W1580621407"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"provides":[2],"a":[3,13],"literature":[4],"review":[5],"in":[6,33,78],"clinical":[7],"decision":[8,28],"support":[9],"systems":[10],"(CDSSs)":[11],"with":[12],"focus":[14],"on":[15],"the":[16,40,45],"way":[17],"knowledge":[18,48],"bases":[19],"are":[20,31,68,80],"constructed,":[21],"and":[22,26,50,60,66],"how":[23,61],"inference":[24,51],"mechanisms":[25],"group":[27],"making":[29],"methods":[30],"used":[32,47],"CDSSs.":[34],"Particular":[35],"attention":[36],"is":[37],"paid":[38],"to":[39],"uncertainty":[41],"handling":[42,76],"capability":[43],"of":[44,55],"commonly":[46],"representation":[49],"schemes.":[52],"The":[53],"definition":[54],"what":[56],"constitute":[57],"good":[58],"CDSSs":[59,79],"they":[62],"can":[63],"be":[64],"evaluated":[65],"validated":[67],"also":[69],"considered.":[70],"Some":[71],"future":[72],"research":[73],"directions":[74],"for":[75],"uncertainties":[77],"proposed.":[81]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-04-06T07:47:59.780226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
