{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416595111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2025.2579804","title":"TransRoadNet: a Transformer framework for multi-modal road network pattern recognition","display_name":"TransRoadNet: a Transformer framework for multi-modal road network pattern recognition","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416595111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2025.2579804"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/17538947.2025.2579804","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2025.2579804","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199162493","display_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth","issn_l":"1753-8947","issn":["1753-8947","1753-8955"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2025.2579804","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072755117","display_name":"Liya Gao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133134087","display_name":"Lanzhou Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/03144pv92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141685","display_name":"Nanjing Surveying and Mapping Research Institute (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/042t78q04","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141685"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liya Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University","Key Laboratory of Science and Technology in Surveying & Mapping, Gansu Province","National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring","Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China","National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou, Gansu, China","Key Laboratory of Science and Technology in Surveying & Mapping, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Science and Technology in Surveying & Mapping, Gansu Province","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141685"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou, Gansu, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Science and Technology in Surveying & Mapping, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141685"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000166596","display_name":"Jingzhong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9868-5404"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133134087","display_name":"Lanzhou Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/03144pv92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141685","display_name":"Nanjing Surveying and Mapping Research Institute (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/042t78q04","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141685"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jingzhong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University","Key Laboratory of Science and Technology in Surveying & Mapping, Gansu Province","National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring","Key Laboratory of Science and Technology in Surveying & Mapping, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China","National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou, Gansu, China","Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Science and Technology in Surveying & Mapping, Gansu Province","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141685"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Science and Technology in Surveying & Mapping, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141685"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou, Gansu, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101767209","display_name":"Zhenyue Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3363-4371"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133134087","display_name":"Lanzhou Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/03144pv92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141685","display_name":"Nanjing Surveying and Mapping Research Institute (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/042t78q04","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141685"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenyue Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University","Key Laboratory of Science and Technology in Surveying & Mapping, Gansu Province","National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring","Key Laboratory of Science and Technology in Surveying & Mapping, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China","Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China","National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou, Gansu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Science and Technology in Surveying & Mapping, Gansu Province","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141685"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Science and Technology in Surveying & Mapping, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141685"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou, Gansu, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000166596"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087","https://openalex.org/I4210141685"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2390},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2390},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.37955827,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13282","display_name":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","score":0.9341999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13282","display_name":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","score":0.9341999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.03500000014901161,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.005400000140070915,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptability","display_name":"Adaptability","score":0.7875999808311462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.6883000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartographic-generalization","display_name":"Cartographic generalization","score":0.6025999784469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5716999769210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.429500013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.39809998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.37059998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.36340001225471497}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.7875999808311462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.6883000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196031653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501867","display_name":"Cartographic generalization","level":3,"score":0.6025999784469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6007999777793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5716999769210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4722999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4672999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.429500013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.39809998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.37059998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.36340001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.3580999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.35749998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.34049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.33629998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3010999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.2930000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.275299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204673680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1628107","display_name":"Airfield traffic pattern","level":2,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185568154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q530242","display_name":"Mathematical morphology","level":4,"score":0.2709999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781121602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3504403","display_name":"Modular neural network","level":4,"score":0.267300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985695025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4323994","display_name":"Road traffic","level":2,"score":0.25839999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778648169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967768","display_name":"Compatibility (geochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.25529998540878296}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/17538947.2025.2579804","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2025.2579804","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199162493","display_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth","issn_l":"1753-8947","issn":["1753-8947","1753-8955"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0b2d3d7cf74646678c3755351792291c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0b2d3d7cf74646678c3755351792291c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth, Vol 18, Iss 2 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/17538947.2025.2579804","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2025.2579804","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199162493","display_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth","issn_l":"1753-8947","issn":["1753-8947","1753-8955"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7081678263","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. 42271454, No. 42430108, No. 42394063","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1996160696","https://openalex.org/W2022749020","https://openalex.org/W2208692238","https://openalex.org/W2481083580","https://openalex.org/W2768790030","https://openalex.org/W2794396578","https://openalex.org/W2795441290","https://openalex.org/W2885453527","https://openalex.org/W2901677398","https://openalex.org/W2908909469","https://openalex.org/W2913955601","https://openalex.org/W2964785319","https://openalex.org/W2980096667","https://openalex.org/W2989928722","https://openalex.org/W2999052413","https://openalex.org/W3014035003","https://openalex.org/W3122027017","https://openalex.org/W4213182735","https://openalex.org/W4220759340","https://openalex.org/W4309623216","https://openalex.org/W4317603812","https://openalex.org/W4387709413","https://openalex.org/W4390640348","https://openalex.org/W4391661462","https://openalex.org/W4391678813","https://openalex.org/W4392293955","https://openalex.org/W4396677472","https://openalex.org/W4401427630","https://openalex.org/W4403473705","https://openalex.org/W4404007265","https://openalex.org/W4404936295","https://openalex.org/W4405645105","https://openalex.org/W4405722432","https://openalex.org/W4406087331","https://openalex.org/W4406715561","https://openalex.org/W4407895997","https://openalex.org/W4408481497","https://openalex.org/W4408962668","https://openalex.org/W4408970908","https://openalex.org/W4409220520","https://openalex.org/W4410328928"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Road":[0],"network":[1],"pattern":[2],"recognition":[3,28],"plays":[4],"a":[5,38,49,71,93],"vital":[6],"role":[7],"in":[8],"traffic":[9,190],"prediction,":[10],"route":[11],"planning,":[12],"and":[13,29,66,83,90,127,134,152,174,184,193],"the":[14,80,139,170],"development":[15],"of":[16,115],"intelligent":[17],"transportation":[18],"systems.":[19],"However,":[20],"most":[21],"existing":[22],"approaches":[23],"are":[24,88],"limited":[25],"to":[26,97,148,165],"single-pattern":[27],"often":[30],"yield":[31],"suboptimal":[32],"accuracy.":[33],"This":[34],"study":[35],"introduces":[36],"TransRoadNet,":[37],"multimodal":[39],"hybrid":[40],"framework":[41],"that":[42,110],"combines":[43],"geographic":[44],"spatial":[45,100],"relationship":[46],"theory":[47],"with":[48,154],"Transformer-based":[50],"architecture.":[51],"The":[52],"method":[53],"decomposes":[54],"OpenStreetMap":[55],"vector":[56,74],"data":[57,106],"into":[58],"seven":[59],"representative":[60],"structural":[61],"categories,":[62],"including":[63,123],"grid,":[64],"radial,":[65],"irregular":[67],"patterns.":[68],"It":[69],"constructs":[70],"ten-dimensional":[72],"feature":[73],"capturing":[75],"road":[76,105,136],"segment":[77],"characteristics":[78],"at":[79],"macro,":[81],"meso,":[82],"micro":[84],"levels.":[85],"These":[86],"features":[87],"embedded":[89],"processed":[91],"through":[92],"multi-head":[94],"self-attention":[95],"mechanism":[96],"model":[98,171],"cross-scale":[99],"dependencies.":[101],"Experimental":[102],"results":[103],"on":[104,132],"from":[107],"Chengdu":[108],"indicate":[109],"TransRoadNet":[111,157],"achieves":[112],"an":[113],"accuracy":[114],"0.97":[116],"\u00b1":[117],"0.01,":[118],"significantly":[119],"outperforming":[120],"conventional":[121],"models,":[122],"CNNs,":[124],"GCNs,":[125],"SVMs,":[126],"random":[128],"forests.":[129],"Additional":[130],"validation":[131],"Berlin":[133],"Shanghai":[135],"networks":[137],"demonstrates":[138],"model\u2019s":[140],"strong":[141,159],"generalization":[142],"across":[143],"different":[144],"urban":[145,182],"environments.":[146],"Due":[147],"its":[149],"modular":[150],"design":[151],"compatibility":[153],"parallel":[155],"computing,":[156],"exhibits":[158],"scalability":[160],"for":[161,181],"large-scale":[162],"deployments.":[163],"Compared":[164],"pixel-based":[166],"image":[167],"segmentation":[168],"methods,":[169],"emphasizes":[172],"topological":[173],"semantic":[175],"structure":[176],"modeling,":[177],"offering":[178],"enhanced":[179],"adaptability":[180],"systems":[183],"supporting":[185],"downstream":[186],"applications":[187],"such":[188],"as":[189],"control,":[191],"navigation,":[192],"infrastructure":[194],"planning.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-14T06:11:07.267592","created_date":"2025-11-25T00:00:00"}