{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411708412","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2025.2522395","title":"Assessing urban sustainability in the Belt and Road region: a city-level analysis of SDG 11 indicators using earth observations","display_name":"Assessing urban sustainability in the Belt and Road region: a city-level analysis of SDG 11 indicators using earth observations","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411708412","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2025.2522395"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/17538947.2025.2522395","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2025.2522395","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199162493","display_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth","issn_l":"1753-8947","issn":["1753-8947","1753-8955"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2025.2522395","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082384091","display_name":"Xuting Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4644-6772"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096250","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Big Data Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00s1sz824","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570","https://openalex.org/I37796252","https://openalex.org/I4210096250"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuting Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences","International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals","University of Chinese Academy of Science","University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China","International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Science","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096250"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056415424","display_name":"Linlin Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1647-1950"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096250","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Big Data Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00s1sz824","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570","https://openalex.org/I37796252","https://openalex.org/I4210096250"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Linlin Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences","International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals","Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China","International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1647-1950","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096250"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073894089","display_name":"Huadong Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0337-1862"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096250","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Big Data Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00s1sz824","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570","https://openalex.org/I37796252","https://openalex.org/I4210096250"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Huadong Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences","International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals","International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing, People's Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096250"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083010378","display_name":"Michele Melchiorri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3009-8868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800387288","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32","country_code":"BE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michele Melchiorri","raw_affiliation_strings":["European Commission","Disaster Risk Management Unit, Institute for Space Security and Migration, Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Ispra, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Commission","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800387288"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Disaster Risk Management Unit, Institute for Space Security and Migration, Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800387288"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059324975","display_name":"Sebastian H\u00e4fner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3560-638X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sebastian Hafner","raw_affiliation_strings":["KTH Royal Institute of Technology","Division of Geoinformatics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3560-638X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Geoinformatics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040195008","display_name":"Yifang Ban","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1369-3216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifang Ban","raw_affiliation_strings":["KTH Royal Institute of Technology","Division of Geoinformatics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Geoinformatics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088069464","display_name":"Martino Pesaresi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0620-439X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800387288","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32","country_code":"BE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martino Pesaresi","raw_affiliation_strings":["European Commission","Disaster Risk Management Unit, Institute for Space Security and Migration, Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Ispra, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Commission","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800387288"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Disaster Risk Management Unit, Institute for Space Security and Migration, Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800387288"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102844283","display_name":"Qingting Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6322-8307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingting Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences","Airborne Remote Sensing Center, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Airborne Remote Sensing Center, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078115498","display_name":"Muhammad Fahad Baqa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4165-6802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096250","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Big Data Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00s1sz824","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570","https://openalex.org/I37796252","https://openalex.org/I4210096250"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Fahad Baqa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences","International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals","University of Chinese Academy of Science","University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China","International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing, People's Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Science","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096250"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056415424","https://openalex.org/A5073894089"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210096250","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2390},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2390},"fwci":1.8869,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85037231,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11988","display_name":"Sustainable Building Design and Assessment","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.9779000282287598,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.6710747480392456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainability","display_name":"Sustainability","score":0.5443179607391357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.40883558988571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-planning","display_name":"Environmental planning","score":0.3357812166213989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-science","display_name":"Regional science","score":0.33435338735580444}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.6710747480392456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.5443179607391357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.40883558988571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.3357812166213989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148383697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1781695","display_name":"Regional science","level":1,"score":0.33435338735580444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/17538947.2025.2522395","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2025.2522395","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199162493","display_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth","issn_l":"1753-8947","issn":["1753-8947","1753-8955"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5ee04d47e275412bb3ee1940b78929df","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5ee04d47e275412bb3ee1940b78929df","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth, Vol 18, Iss 1 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/17538947.2025.2522395","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2025.2522395","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199162493","display_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth","issn_l":"1753-8947","issn":["1753-8947","1753-8955"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3086581434","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42071321","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007746847","https://openalex.org/W2009598717","https://openalex.org/W2038909435","https://openalex.org/W2057442840","https://openalex.org/W2141970008","https://openalex.org/W2152923036","https://openalex.org/W2527300705","https://openalex.org/W2734867172","https://openalex.org/W2790987946","https://openalex.org/W2791484400","https://openalex.org/W2794185780","https://openalex.org/W2801359147","https://openalex.org/W2895460600","https://openalex.org/W2916848715","https://openalex.org/W2942972380","https://openalex.org/W2946047483","https://openalex.org/W2949729041","https://openalex.org/W2979523661","https://openalex.org/W2998528176","https://openalex.org/W3001596308","https://openalex.org/W3007345799","https://openalex.org/W3013702075","https://openalex.org/W3018578546","https://openalex.org/W3039826447","https://openalex.org/W3040283541","https://openalex.org/W3041134827","https://openalex.org/W3081928833","https://openalex.org/W3095001796","https://openalex.org/W3095810833","https://openalex.org/W3127223624","https://openalex.org/W3133681308","https://openalex.org/W3186698682","https://openalex.org/W3187025755","https://openalex.org/W3208553248","https://openalex.org/W3210060645","https://openalex.org/W4200109621","https://openalex.org/W4220857402","https://openalex.org/W4220860087","https://openalex.org/W4232427825","https://openalex.org/W4286252665","https://openalex.org/W4306888863","https://openalex.org/W4313340350","https://openalex.org/W4313407776","https://openalex.org/W4321092576","https://openalex.org/W4375858162","https://openalex.org/W4379878086","https://openalex.org/W4379930256","https://openalex.org/W4383223869","https://openalex.org/W4385379736","https://openalex.org/W4386689381","https://openalex.org/W4387427207","https://openalex.org/W4393062788","https://openalex.org/W4393221834","https://openalex.org/W4401214437","https://openalex.org/W4401317708","https://openalex.org/W4401917933","https://openalex.org/W4402066757","https://openalex.org/W4402213011","https://openalex.org/W4404577098"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1498090503","https://openalex.org/W4206396619","https://openalex.org/W3032739460","https://openalex.org/W1544681840","https://openalex.org/W4214885392","https://openalex.org/W4223425174","https://openalex.org/W2050473667","https://openalex.org/W2308616044","https://openalex.org/W1482410789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tracking":[0],"progress":[1],"toward":[2],"sustainable":[3],"urban":[4,39,54],"development":[5],"requires":[6],"detailed":[7],"assessments":[8],"of":[9,24,52,68,102,121,143,170],"key":[10],"indicators":[11,29,56,146],"to":[12,30,47,108,111,129],"support":[13],"evidence-based":[14],"policy":[15],"and":[16,63,90,95,159,178],"planning.":[17],"However,":[18],"data":[19,46,173],"limitations":[20],"often":[21],"constrain":[22],"evaluations":[23],"Sustainable":[25],"Development":[26],"Goal":[27],"(SDG)":[28],"national":[31],"or":[32,77],"sub-national":[33],"levels.":[34],"This":[35],"study":[36],"utilizes":[37],"global":[38],"spatial":[40],"products":[41],"derived":[42],"from":[43,106],"Earth":[44,171],"observation":[45,172],"evaluate":[48],"the":[49,88,133,144,148,168],"spatiotemporal":[50],"dynamics":[51],"two":[53,145],"SDG":[55,181],"\u2013":[57,82],"11.3.1":[58],"(Land":[59],"Use":[60],"Efficiency,":[61],"LUE)":[62],"11.6.2":[64],"(annual":[65],"average":[66],"concentration":[67],"fine":[69],"particulate":[70],"matter":[71],"in":[72,87,137],"cities":[73,86,103,122],"weighted":[74],"by":[75,126],"population":[76],"population-weighted":[78],"PM\u2082.\u2085":[79,118],"concentrations,":[80],"PPM\u2082.\u2085)":[81],"for":[83,150,174],"over":[84],"7000":[85],"Belt":[89],"Road":[91],"region":[92],"between":[93],"2000":[94,130],"2020.":[96],"The":[97,140],"results":[98],"show":[99],"that":[100,153],"30.6%":[101],"improved":[104],"LUE":[105],"2010":[107],"2020":[109,127],"compared":[110,128],"2000-2010,":[112],"while":[113],"24.3%":[114],"experienced":[115,123],"deterioration.":[116],"For":[117],"exposure,":[119],"67.8%":[120],"increased":[124],"PPM\u2082.\u2085":[125],"levels,":[131],"with":[132],"largest":[134],"increases":[135],"occurring":[136],"South":[138],"Asia.":[139],"integrated":[141],"assessment":[142],"demonstrate":[147,167],"necessity":[149],"coordinated":[151],"strategies":[152],"concurrently":[154],"enhance":[155],"land":[156],"use":[157],"efficiency":[158],"strengthen":[160],"air":[161],"pollution":[162],"control":[163],"measures.":[164],"These":[165],"findings":[166],"value":[169],"revealing":[175],"regional":[176],"disparities":[177],"informing":[179],"localized":[180],"implementation":[182],"strategies.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}