{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402066757","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2024.2390454","title":"Advances on the Global Human Settlement Layer by joint assessment of Earth Observation and population survey data","display_name":"Advances on the Global Human Settlement Layer by joint assessment of Earth Observation and population survey data","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402066757","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2024.2390454"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/17538947.2024.2390454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2024.2390454","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/17538947.2024.2390454?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199162493","display_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth","issn_l":"1753-8947","issn":["1753-8947","1753-8955"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/17538947.2024.2390454?needAccess=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088069464","display_name":"Martino Pesaresi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0620-439X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118689","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02qezmz13","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Martino Pesaresi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Directorate for Societal Resilience and Security, European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0620-439X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Directorate for Societal Resilience and Security, European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083739198","display_name":"Marcello Schiavina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3399-3400"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802330208","display_name":"Statistics Belgium","ror":"https://ror.org/0246a9012","country_code":"BE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802330208","https://openalex.org/I4210095879"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcello Schiavina","raw_affiliation_strings":["NTT DATA, Brussels, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3399-3400","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTT DATA, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802330208"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004646966","display_name":"Panagiotis Politis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6417-1587"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Panagiotis Politis","raw_affiliation_strings":["European Dynamics Belgium S.A., Brussels, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6417-1587","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Dynamics Belgium S.A., Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069856094","display_name":"S\u00e9rgio Freire","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2282-701X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118689","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02qezmz13","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergio Freire","raw_affiliation_strings":["Directorate for Societal Resilience and Security, European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2282-701X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Directorate for Societal Resilience and Security, European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108677355","display_name":"Katarzyna Goch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-9095"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099113","display_name":"Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00wtrhc98","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099113","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katarzyna Krasnod\u0119bska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-9095","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036895728","display_name":"Johannes Uhl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4861-5915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118689","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02qezmz13","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johannes H. Uhl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Directorate for Societal Resilience and Security, European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4861-5915","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Directorate for Societal Resilience and Security, European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032224019","display_name":"Alessandra Carioli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8345-5400"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118689","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02qezmz13","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandra Carioli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Directorate for Societal Resilience and Security, European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8345-5400","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Directorate for Societal Resilience and Security, European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056809954","display_name":"Christina Corbane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2670-1302"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118689","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02qezmz13","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christina Corbane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Directorate for Societal Resilience and Security, European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2670-1302","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Directorate for Societal Resilience and Security, European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086852912","display_name":"Lewis Dijkstra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4077-8250"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118689","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02qezmz13","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lewis Dijkstra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Directorate for Fair and Sustainable Economy, European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4077-8250","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Directorate for Fair and Sustainable Economy, European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089810719","display_name":"Pietro Florio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-7401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118689","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02qezmz13","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pietro Florio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Directorate for Societal Resilience and Security, European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-7401","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Directorate for Societal Resilience and Security, European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005050559","display_name":"Hannah K. Friedrich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5661-615X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hannah K. Friedrich","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography, Development & Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5661-615X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography, Development & Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077201324","display_name":"Jing Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1778-8909"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86501945","display_name":"University of Delaware","ror":"https://ror.org/01sbq1a82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography and Spatial Sciences, & Data Science Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1778-8909","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Spatial Sciences, & Data Science Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087645671","display_name":"Stefan Leyk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9180-4853"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Leyk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9180-4853","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056415424","display_name":"Linlin Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1647-1950"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096250","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Big Data Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00s1sz824","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570","https://openalex.org/I37796252","https://openalex.org/I4210096250"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linlin Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China","International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing, People's Republic of China","Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1647-1950","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096250"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096250"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029054479","display_name":"Luca Maffenini","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Maffenini","raw_affiliation_strings":["UniSystems Luxembourg S\u00e0rl, Bertrange, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UniSystems Luxembourg S\u00e0rl, Bertrange, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106876238","display_name":"Ines Mari-Rivero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1821-0420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097640","display_name":"Fincons Group (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/00y761129","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097640"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ines Mari-Rivero","raw_affiliation_strings":["FINCONS SPA, Vimercate, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1821-0420","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"FINCONS SPA, Vimercate, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097640"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083010378","display_name":"Michele Melchiorri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3009-8868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118689","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02qezmz13","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michele Melchiorri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Directorate for Societal Resilience and Security, European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3009-8868","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Directorate for Societal Resilience and Security, European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086727507","display_name":"Vasileios Syrris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2262-0580"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vasileios Syrris","raw_affiliation_strings":["European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO), Alicante, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2262-0580","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO), Alicante, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065931208","display_name":"Jamon Van Den Hoek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8074-0022"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jamon Van Den Hoek","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8074-0022","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041298974","display_name":"Thomas Kemper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3446-8301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118689","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02qezmz13","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Kemper","raw_affiliation_strings":["Directorate for Societal Resilience and Security, European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3446-8301","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Directorate for Societal Resilience and Security, European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":6,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088069464"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118689"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2390},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2390},"fwci":43.6737,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":222,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99971057,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-settlement","display_name":"Human settlement","score":0.7752187252044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.6008307933807373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.5726140141487122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earth-observation","display_name":"Earth observation","score":0.5483548641204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/settlement","display_name":"Settlement (finance)","score":0.5046156644821167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.4732514023780823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34446844458580017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3433557152748108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3276742100715637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.294933557510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archaeology","display_name":"Archaeology","score":0.13078254461288452}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16678853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486972","display_name":"Human settlement","level":2,"score":0.7752187252044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.6008307933807373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5726140141487122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39399123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1348989","display_name":"Earth observation","level":3,"score":0.5483548641204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777063073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1553237","display_name":"Settlement (finance)","level":3,"score":0.5046156644821167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.4732514023780823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34446844458580017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3433557152748108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3276742100715637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.294933557510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.13078254461288452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/17538947.2024.2390454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2024.2390454","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/17538947.2024.2390454?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199162493","display_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth","issn_l":"1753-8947","issn":["1753-8947","1753-8955"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5eada1a535274db6a93a898ca8865701","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5eada1a535274db6a93a898ca8865701","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth, Vol 17, Iss 1 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/26879009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Advances_on_the_global_human_settlement_layer_by_joint_assessment_of_earth_observation_and_population_survey_data/26879009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/17538947.2024.2390454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2024.2390454","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/17538947.2024.2390454?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199162493","display_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth","issn_l":"1753-8947","issn":["1753-8947","1753-8955"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Digital Earth","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.550000011920929,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0456r8d26"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333584","display_name":"Directorate-General for Regional and Urban Policy","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334701","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/04j5wtv36"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334866","display_name":"Statistics Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/004g7jm05"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402066757.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402066757.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":112,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W149807329","https://openalex.org/W151895561","https://openalex.org/W1601495635","https://openalex.org/W1957780744","https://openalex.org/W1990590197","https://openalex.org/W1991145689","https://openalex.org/W2001510610","https://openalex.org/W2015544772","https://openalex.org/W2023868423","https://openalex.org/W2025818287","https://openalex.org/W2035893333","https://openalex.org/W2039928942","https://openalex.org/W2042258854","https://openalex.org/W2046613633","https://openalex.org/W2071883442","https://openalex.org/W2074344234","https://openalex.org/W2077046239","https://openalex.org/W2093555426","https://openalex.org/W2093661729","https://openalex.org/W2095771309","https://openalex.org/W2104298563","https://openalex.org/W2115451191","https://openalex.org/W2131438174","https://openalex.org/W2136624896","https://openalex.org/W2141409967","https://openalex.org/W2181914484","https://openalex.org/W2242135340","https://openalex.org/W2294791931","https://openalex.org/W2302501749","https://openalex.org/W2322311153","https://openalex.org/W2331582811","https://openalex.org/W2376136095","https://openalex.org/W2517986957","https://openalex.org/W2560167313","https://openalex.org/W2621245324","https://openalex.org/W2737623819","https://openalex.org/W2738920178","https://openalex.org/W2762296501","https://openalex.org/W2763014865","https://openalex.org/W2895973448","https://openalex.org/W2901516290","https://openalex.org/W2902253451","https://openalex.org/W2905043775","https://openalex.org/W2906577416","https://openalex.org/W2920254659","https://openalex.org/W2956102956","https://openalex.org/W2972707075","https://openalex.org/W2976015471","https://openalex.org/W2990323597","https://openalex.org/W2997986375","https://openalex.org/W3005790559","https://openalex.org/W3022476827","https://openalex.org/W3023516657","https://openalex.org/W3027323630","https://openalex.org/W3033969337","https://openalex.org/W3035072776","https://openalex.org/W3043036258","https://openalex.org/W3082445115","https://openalex.org/W3087238349","https://openalex.org/W3099985666","https://openalex.org/W3108189576","https://openalex.org/W3128824639","https://openalex.org/W3135539146","https://openalex.org/W3137634992","https://openalex.org/W3152149719","https://openalex.org/W3154770909","https://openalex.org/W3158799256","https://openalex.org/W3159787152","https://openalex.org/W3174707115","https://openalex.org/W3182045703","https://openalex.org/W3184345837","https://openalex.org/W3187173039","https://openalex.org/W3198944658","https://openalex.org/W3207200417","https://openalex.org/W3209441747","https://openalex.org/W4205464861","https://openalex.org/W4210619209","https://openalex.org/W4224918496","https://openalex.org/W4226296298","https://openalex.org/W4226441847","https://openalex.org/W4230669716","https://openalex.org/W4233283252","https://openalex.org/W4234293529","https://openalex.org/W4236625907","https://openalex.org/W4236697647","https://openalex.org/W4250019451","https://openalex.org/W4281619551","https://openalex.org/W4282826576","https://openalex.org/W4283217355","https://openalex.org/W4285527946","https://openalex.org/W4291018768","https://openalex.org/W4298411378","https://openalex.org/W4303473622","https://openalex.org/W4304690317","https://openalex.org/W4308430910","https://openalex.org/W4327590802","https://openalex.org/W4378469227","https://openalex.org/W4379929836","https://openalex.org/W4379930256","https://openalex.org/W4386237878","https://openalex.org/W4393493644","https://openalex.org/W4393588226","https://openalex.org/W4399658662","https://openalex.org/W4402260474","https://openalex.org/W6753871228","https://openalex.org/W6908488137","https://openalex.org/W6927486359","https://openalex.org/W6946187396","https://openalex.org/W6948474788","https://openalex.org/W6978106141","https://openalex.org/W6999705093","https://openalex.org/W7020810729"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2584343622","https://openalex.org/W2779408155","https://openalex.org/W2020518286","https://openalex.org/W4308792285","https://openalex.org/W2488700736","https://openalex.org/W2357875252","https://openalex.org/W126533163","https://openalex.org/W2507965015","https://openalex.org/W4380629442","https://openalex.org/W1994815372"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,51,187],"Global":[1],"Human":[2],"Settlement":[3],"Layer":[4],"(GHSL)":[5],"project":[6,33],"fosters":[7],"an":[8,31,42],"enhanced,":[9],"public":[10,152],"understanding":[11,70],"of":[12,34,45,57,82,94,125,132],"the":[13,24,35,46,110,130,147,151,169,179],"human":[14,72],"presence":[15],"on":[16,60,129],"Earth.":[17],"A":[18],"decade":[19],"after":[20],"its":[21,195],"inception":[22],"in":[23,150],"Digital":[25],"Earth":[26,61],"2020":[27],"vision,":[28],"GHSL":[29,53,126,144],"is":[30],"established":[32],"European":[36],"Commission\u2019s":[37],"Joint":[38],"Research":[39],"Centre":[40],"and":[41,64,88,91,96,137,193],"integral":[43],"part":[44],"Copernicus":[47],"Emergency":[48],"Management":[49],"Service.":[50],"2023":[52],"edition,":[54],"a":[55,92,122],"result":[56],"rigorous":[58],"research":[59],"Observation":[62],"data":[63,120],"population":[65,100],"censuses,":[66],"contributes":[67],"significantly":[68],"to":[69],"worldwide":[71],"settlements.":[73],"It":[74],"introduces":[75],"new":[76],"elements":[77],"like":[78],"10-m-resolution,":[79],"sub-pixel":[80],"estimation":[81],"built-up":[83,133,161,172],"surfaces,":[84],"global":[85],"building":[86,135,180],"height":[87],"volume":[89],"estimates,":[90],"classification":[93],"residential":[95],"non-residential":[97,164],"areas,":[98],"improving":[99],"density":[101],"grids.":[102],"This":[103],"paper":[104,188],"evaluates":[105],"GHSL\u2019s":[106,190],"key":[107],"components,":[108],"including":[109],"Symbolic":[111],"Machine":[112],"Learning":[113],"approach,":[114],"using":[115],"novel":[116],"reference":[117],"data.":[118],"These":[119],"enable":[121],"comparative":[123],"assessment":[124],"model":[127],"predictions":[128],"evolution":[131],"surface,":[134],"heights,":[136],"resident":[138,185],"population.":[139],"Empirical":[140],"evidence":[141],"suggests":[142],"that":[143],"estimates":[145],"are":[146],"most":[148],"accurate":[149],"domain":[153],"today":[154],"(e.g.":[155],"IoU":[156],"0.98":[157],"water":[158],"class,":[159,162,165],"0.92":[160],"0.8":[163],"6%":[166],"MAE":[167,177],"for":[168,178,184,198],"100":[170],"m":[171,176],"surface":[173],"or":[174],"2.27":[175],"height,":[181],"83%":[182],"TAA":[183],"population).":[186],"consolidates":[189],"theoretical":[191],"foundation":[192],"highlights":[194],"innovative":[196],"features":[197],"transparent":[199],"Artificial":[200],"Intelligence,":[201],"facilitating":[202],"international":[203],"decision-making":[204],"processes.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":128},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":90},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}