{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414744183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2025.2568721","title":"A stochastic approach to integerize floating-point estimates in gridded population mapping","display_name":"A stochastic approach to integerize floating-point estimates in gridded population mapping","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414744183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2025.2568721"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/13658816.2025.2568721","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2025.2568721","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13658816.2025.2568721?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181446","display_name":"International Journal of Geographical Information Systems","issn_l":"0269-3798","issn":["0269-3798","1362-3087"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Geographical Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13658816.2025.2568721?needAccess=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100710816","display_name":"Wenbin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9295-1019"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wen-Bin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["WorldPop, School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9295-1019","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WorldPop, School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016636311","display_name":"Alessandro Sorichetta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-5826"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","display_name":"University of Milan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Sorichetta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra \u2018Ardito Desio\u2019, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra \u2018Ardito Desio\u2019, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089746284","display_name":"Charlie Frye","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292842697","display_name":"Environmental Systems Research Institute (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0428exr50","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292842697"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802776861","display_name":"Esri (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/0196q0t51","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802776861"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charlie Frye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292842697","https://openalex.org/I2802776861"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030325103","display_name":"Natalia Tejedor\u2010Garavito","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1140-6263"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natalia Tejedor-Garavito","raw_affiliation_strings":["WorldPop, School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WorldPop, School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080669996","display_name":"Weixuan Fang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weixuan Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["WorldPop, School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WorldPop, School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107673065","display_name":"Duygu Cihan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duygu Cihan","raw_affiliation_strings":["WorldPop, School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WorldPop, School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101699448","display_name":"D. R. Woods","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9669-9631"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dorothea Woods","raw_affiliation_strings":["WorldPop, School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WorldPop, School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102341949","display_name":"Gregory Yetman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregory Yetman","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Center for Integrated Earth System Information, Columbia Climate School, Columbia University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Center for Integrated Earth System Information, Columbia Climate School, Columbia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022768699","display_name":"Jason Hilton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9473-757X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason Hilton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Social Statistics and Demography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Southampton"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Social Statistics and Demography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Southampton","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026395399","display_name":"Andrew J. Tatem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7270-941X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew J. Tatem","raw_affiliation_strings":["WorldPop, School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WorldPop, School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059175541","display_name":"Maksym Bondarenko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4958-6551"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maksym Bondarenko","raw_affiliation_strings":["WorldPop, School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WorldPop, School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100710816"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0419,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81585484,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"6","first_page":"1601","last_page":"1617"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14509","display_name":"demographic modeling and climate adaptation","score":0.9326000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14509","display_name":"demographic modeling and climate adaptation","score":0.9326000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decimal","display_name":"Decimal","score":0.7601000070571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.6721000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rounding","display_name":"Rounding","score":0.646399974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5685999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.4219000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","score":0.37779998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","score":0.3580999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid-cell","display_name":"Grid cell","score":0.34049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-model","display_name":"Population model","score":0.3359000086784363}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65045869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81365","display_name":"Decimal","level":2,"score":0.7601000070571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.6721000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136625980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663208","display_name":"Rounding","level":2,"score":0.646399974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5685999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4758000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.4219000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.37779998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729138","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3580999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3449999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983008078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863495","display_name":"Grid cell","level":3,"score":0.34049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52079815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7229808","display_name":"Population model","level":3,"score":0.3359000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.3246999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.3091000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.29809999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.296999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781175729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315823","display_name":"Resource distribution","level":3,"score":0.29670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158709400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3578586","display_name":"Spatial ecology","level":2,"score":0.296099990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.2849999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.27720001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149441793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200726","display_name":"Probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.274399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72634772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386824","display_name":"Data integration","level":2,"score":0.27090001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169733012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613416","display_name":"Population size","level":3,"score":0.2669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2554999887943268}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/13658816.2025.2568721","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2025.2568721","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13658816.2025.2568721?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181446","display_name":"International Journal of Geographical Information Systems","issn_l":"0269-3798","issn":["0269-3798","1362-3087"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Geographical Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:506592","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2025.2568721>).","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:air.unimi.it:2434/1210037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2434/1210037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400516","display_name":"Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","host_organization_name":"University of Milan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/13658816.2025.2568721","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2025.2568721","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13658816.2025.2568721?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181446","display_name":"International Journal of Geographical Information Systems","issn_l":"0269-3798","issn":["0269-3798","1362-3087"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Geographical Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414744183.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414744183.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1433483747","https://openalex.org/W1972417559","https://openalex.org/W2030032500","https://openalex.org/W2052458288","https://openalex.org/W2057442840","https://openalex.org/W2080439372","https://openalex.org/W2479702014","https://openalex.org/W2582264034","https://openalex.org/W2738738459","https://openalex.org/W2890781576","https://openalex.org/W2906577416","https://openalex.org/W2957651098","https://openalex.org/W2972707075","https://openalex.org/W3080371855","https://openalex.org/W3108189576","https://openalex.org/W3112341698","https://openalex.org/W3190581971","https://openalex.org/W3211043030","https://openalex.org/W4288034315","https://openalex.org/W4292423656","https://openalex.org/W4399551134","https://openalex.org/W4401640337","https://openalex.org/W4402066757","https://openalex.org/W4407926525","https://openalex.org/W4408782403"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Gridded":[0],"population":[1,32,83,120,128,146,176],"datasets":[2,26,178],"are":[3,27,51,183],"increasingly":[4],"relied":[5],"upon":[6],"for":[7,54,188],"spatial":[8,22,153],"planning,":[9],"resource":[10],"allocation,":[11],"and":[12,58,84,87,103,106,155],"disaster":[13],"response":[14],"due":[15],"to":[16,56,118,172,185],"their":[17],"flexible":[18],"integration":[19],"with":[20,90,190],"other":[21],"data":[23,121],"layers.":[24],"These":[25,162],"typically":[28],"produced":[29],"by":[30],"disaggregating":[31],"counts":[33],"from":[34],"administrative":[35,67,198],"units":[36],"into":[37,101,148],"grid":[38],"cells,":[39],"yielding":[40],"non-integer":[41],"values":[42,50],"that":[43,69,80,123,137,182],"preserve":[44],"overall":[45],"counts.":[46],"However,":[47],"floating-point":[48,145],"cell":[49,100],"often":[52],"difficult":[53],"users":[55],"interpret,":[57,186],"standard":[59],"rounding":[60],"approaches":[61],"may":[62],"introduce":[63],"aggregation":[64],"errors":[65],"at":[66],"levels":[68],"affect":[70],"planning":[71],"decisions.":[72],"Here,":[73],"we":[74],"present":[75],"a":[76],"stochastic":[77],"integerisation":[78,140,170],"method":[79,94,117,141,171],"preserves":[81],"total":[82],"demographic":[85,156],"proportions,":[86,157],"compare":[88],"it":[89,124],"existing":[91],"approaches.":[92],"The":[93,133],"separates":[95],"the":[96,109,116,138,165,168],"value":[97],"of":[98,167,196],"each":[99],"integer":[102],"decimal":[104,113],"parts,":[105],"probabilistically":[107],"allocates":[108],"residual":[110],"based":[111],"on":[112],"magnitudes.":[114],"Applying":[115],"gridded":[119,175],"shows":[122],"effectively":[125,143],"reduces":[126],"unrealistic":[127],"predictions":[129],"in":[130],"uninhabited":[131],"areas.":[132],"results":[134],"also":[135],"demonstrate":[136],"new":[139],"can":[142],"convert":[144],"estimates":[147],"integers":[149],"while":[150],"preserving":[151],"both":[152],"distribution":[154,177],"such":[158],"as":[159],"age-sex":[160],"structures.":[161],"findings":[163],"highlight":[164],"performance":[166],"proposed":[169],"generate":[173],"reliable":[174],"across":[179],"diverse":[180],"contexts":[181],"easier":[184],"particularly":[187],"areas":[189],"sparse":[191],"populations":[192],"or":[193],"complex":[194],"geometries":[195],"underlying":[197],"units.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-15T07:11:24.734988","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}