{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2559688945","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2016.1263731","title":"Geographically weighted regression with parameter-specific distance metrics","display_name":"Geographically weighted regression with parameter-specific distance metrics","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-11-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2559688945","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2016.1263731","mag":"2559688945"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/13658816.2016.1263731","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2016.1263731","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181446","display_name":"International Journal of Geographical Information Systems","issn_l":"0269-3798","issn":["0269-3798","1362-3087"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Geographical Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023127879","display_name":"Binbin Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7847-7560"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118728","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing","ror":"https://ror.org/02bpap860","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Binbin Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747","https://openalex.org/I4210118728"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082892178","display_name":"Chris Brunsdon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4254-1780"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157286207","display_name":"National University of Ireland, Maynooth","ror":"https://ror.org/048nfjm95","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157286207"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chris Brunsdon","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Centre for Geocomputation, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Centre for Geocomputation, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157286207"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076679931","display_name":"Martin Charlton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0622-393X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157286207","display_name":"National University of Ireland, Maynooth","ror":"https://ror.org/048nfjm95","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157286207"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Charlton","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Centre for Geocomputation, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Centre for Geocomputation, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157286207"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055094180","display_name":"Paul Harris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0259-4079"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799553609","display_name":"Rothamsted Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0347fy350","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799553609","https://openalex.org/I2799693246","https://openalex.org/I4210087105"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Harris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sustainable Soils and Grassland Systems, Rothamsted Research, North Wyke, Okehampton, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sustainable Soils and Grassland Systems, Rothamsted Research, North Wyke, Okehampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799553609"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023127879"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747","https://openalex.org/I4210118728"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":26.4736,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":153,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99339641,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"5","first_page":"982","last_page":"998"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11911","display_name":"Spatial and Panel Data Analysis","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11911","display_name":"Spatial and Panel Data Analysis","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11014","display_name":"Regional Economics and Spatial Analysis","score":0.9681000113487244,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geographically-weighted-regression","display_name":"Geographically Weighted Regression","score":0.6348917484283447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.48811468482017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regression","display_name":"Regression","score":0.4868154227733612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.4710635542869568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regression-analysis","display_name":"Regression analysis","score":0.4491533637046814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.38031497597694397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.37986600399017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.36330777406692505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3437148928642273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910321205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geographically Weighted Regression","level":2,"score":0.6348917484283447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.48811468482017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83546350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139051","display_name":"Regression","level":2,"score":0.4868154227733612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.4710635542869568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.4491533637046814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38031497597694397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.37986600399017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.36330777406692505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3437148928642273}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/13658816.2016.1263731","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2016.1263731","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181446","display_name":"International Journal of Geographical Information Systems","issn_l":"0269-3798","issn":["0269-3798","1362-3087"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Geographical Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mural.maynoothuniversity.ie:10976","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/id/eprint/10976/1/document.pdf","pdf_url":"https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/id/eprint/10976/1/document.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401432","display_name":"Maynooth University ePrints and eTheses Archive (Maynooth University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I157286207","host_organization_name":"National University of Ireland, Maynooth","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157286207"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3653064018","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BB/J004308","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334629","funder_display_name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3888871806","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NE/N007433/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320022","funder_display_name":"Sight Research UK"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5931168244","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NE/N007433/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6691478410","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1533102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7403091814","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BBSRC BB/J004308/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334629","funder_display_name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7453033355","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41401455","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8470815176","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BB/J004308/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334629","funder_display_name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320022","display_name":"Sight Research UK","ror":"https://ror.org/03z2py885"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326832","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326938","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing","ror":"https://ror.org/02bpap860"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332167","display_name":"Directorate for Biological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/001xhss06"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334629","display_name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/00cwqg982"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02b5d8509"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1250261183","https://openalex.org/W1598151839","https://openalex.org/W1599043334","https://openalex.org/W1773028378","https://openalex.org/W1829241487","https://openalex.org/W1963748797","https://openalex.org/W1971794754","https://openalex.org/W1973749534","https://openalex.org/W1976840258","https://openalex.org/W1980398988","https://openalex.org/W1983350937","https://openalex.org/W1984892485","https://openalex.org/W1990433983","https://openalex.org/W1998378660","https://openalex.org/W2021325233","https://openalex.org/W2024081693","https://openalex.org/W2047120335","https://openalex.org/W2063143131","https://openalex.org/W2064113873","https://openalex.org/W2069184466","https://openalex.org/W2083336903","https://openalex.org/W2085210969","https://openalex.org/W2089743085","https://openalex.org/W2103438429","https://openalex.org/W2109785413","https://openalex.org/W2110987058","https://openalex.org/W2118049491","https://openalex.org/W2147279463","https://openalex.org/W2148323323","https://openalex.org/W2166163519","https://openalex.org/W2219611581","https://openalex.org/W2299327208","https://openalex.org/W3123322087","https://openalex.org/W4248444943","https://openalex.org/W4249999102","https://openalex.org/W4251954660","https://openalex.org/W4254389352"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2783333685","https://openalex.org/W1881074467","https://openalex.org/W2238134912","https://openalex.org/W31220157","https://openalex.org/W4365510477","https://openalex.org/W2312753042","https://openalex.org/W4289356671","https://openalex.org/W2389155397","https://openalex.org/W59857474","https://openalex.org/W2165884543"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Geographically":[0],"weighted":[1],"regression":[2,182],"(GWR)":[3],"is":[4,21,103,120,167],"an":[5],"important":[6],"local":[7],"technique":[8],"to":[9,24,46,54,61,67,159,192],"model":[10,38,60,85,119,140,145,161,174,217],"spatially":[11],"varying":[12],"relationships.":[13],"A":[14],"single":[15],"distance":[16,88,196,219],"metric":[17,166,220],"(Euclidean":[18],"or":[19],"non-Euclidean)":[20],"generally":[22],"used":[23,104],"calibrate":[25],"a":[26,36,77,83,100,123,130,181,209],"standard":[27,58],"GWR":[28,37,59,65,70,84,98,111,118,139,173,200],"model.":[29,112],"However,":[30],"variations":[31],"in":[32,42,81,147,157,178,205,208],"spatial":[33,189,203],"relationships":[34,184,207],"within":[35],"might":[39],"also":[40],"vary":[41,186],"intensity":[43],"with":[44,86,93,202],"respect":[45],"location":[47],"and":[48,66,95,154,195,222],"direction.":[49],"This":[50],"assertion":[51],"has":[52],"led":[53],"extensions":[55],"of":[56,108,115,149,152],"the":[57,106,109,137,144,160,171,193],"mixed":[62,94],"(or":[63],"semiparametric)":[64],"flexible":[68,96],"bandwidth":[69,97],"models.":[71],"In":[72],"this":[73,116],"article,":[74],"we":[75],"present":[76],"strongly":[78],"related":[79],"extension":[80],"fitting":[82],"parameter-specific":[87],"metrics":[89,197],"(PSDM":[90],"GWR).":[91],"As":[92],"models,":[99],"back-fitting":[101],"algorithm":[102],"for":[105,227],"calibration":[107,146],"PSDM":[110,138,172,199],"The":[113,133],"value":[114,177],"new":[117],"demonstrated":[121],"using":[122],"London":[124],"house":[125],"price":[126],"data":[127,206],"set":[128],"as":[129],"case":[131],"study.":[132],"results":[134],"indicate":[135],"that":[136],"can":[141],"clearly":[142],"improve":[143],"terms":[148],"both":[150],"goodness":[151],"fit":[153],"prediction":[155],"accuracy,":[156],"contrast":[158],"fits":[162],"when":[163],"only":[164],"one":[165],"singly":[168],"used.":[169],"Moreover,":[170],"provides":[175],"added":[176],"understanding":[179],"how":[180],"model\u2019s":[183],"may":[185],"at":[187],"different":[188],"scales,":[190],"according":[191],"bandwidths":[194],"selected.":[198],"deals":[201],"heterogeneities":[204],"general":[210],"way,":[211],"although":[212],"questions":[213],"remain":[214],"on":[215],"its":[216],"diagnostics,":[218],"specification,":[221],"computational":[223],"efficiency,":[224],"providing":[225],"options":[226],"further":[228],"research.":[229]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-18T07:49:30.821534","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
