{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1987230990","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810500399043","title":"A combinatorial data model for representing topological relations among 3D geographical features in micro\u2010spatial environments","display_name":"A combinatorial data model for representing topological relations among 3D geographical features in micro\u2010spatial environments","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1987230990","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810500399043","mag":"1987230990"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/13658810500399043","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810500399043","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181446","display_name":"International Journal of Geographical Information Systems","issn_l":"0269-3798","issn":["0269-3798","1362-3087"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Geographical Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108048432","display_name":"Jiyeong Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8229-1267"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102149020","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte","ror":"https://ror.org/04dawnj30","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223","Department of Geography and Earth Sciences , University of North Carolina at Charlotte , 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Earth Sciences , University of North Carolina at Charlotte , 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009185228","display_name":"Mei\u2010Po Kwan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8602-9258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.\u2010P. Kwan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, 1036 Derby Hall, 154 North Oval Mall, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210\u20101361","Department of Geography , 1036 Derby Hall , 154 North Oval Mall , Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210\u20101361"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, 1036 Derby Hall, 154 North Oval Mall, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210\u20101361","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography , 1036 Derby Hall , 154 North Oval Mall , Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210\u20101361","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108048432"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9168,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":105,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85677382,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"10","first_page":"1039","last_page":"1056"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12698","display_name":"3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12698","display_name":"3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10996","display_name":"Computational Geometry and Mesh Generation","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logical-data-model","display_name":"Logical data model","score":0.692048192024231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotation-formalisms-in-three-dimensions","display_name":"Rotation formalisms in three dimensions","score":0.6684321165084839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6324650645256042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.6170352101325989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.5587537884712219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5147954821586609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-structure","display_name":"Data structure","score":0.4957781732082367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.47292688488960266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.45601728558540344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-analysis","display_name":"Spatial analysis","score":0.4430038034915924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.430378794670105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.3106674551963806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.3086019456386566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20114073157310486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.13241884112358093}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203702819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17146953","display_name":"Logical data model","level":3,"score":0.692048192024231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171018156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7370306","display_name":"Rotation formalisms in three dimensions","level":2,"score":0.6684321165084839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6324650645256042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.6170352101325989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.5587537884712219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5147954821586609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162319229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175263","display_name":"Data structure","level":2,"score":0.4957781732082367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.47292688488960266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.45601728558540344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.4430038034915924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.430378794670105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.3106674551963806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3086019456386566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20114073157310486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.13241884112358093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/13658810500399043","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810500399043","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181446","display_name":"International Journal of Geographical Information Systems","issn_l":"0269-3798","issn":["0269-3798","1362-3087"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Geographical Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W27735612","https://openalex.org/W67406889","https://openalex.org/W91894089","https://openalex.org/W351946874","https://openalex.org/W424924583","https://openalex.org/W1497572378","https://openalex.org/W1497690537","https://openalex.org/W1525007279","https://openalex.org/W1528270775","https://openalex.org/W1541590621","https://openalex.org/W1550223711","https://openalex.org/W1550348565","https://openalex.org/W1576138761","https://openalex.org/W1595487507","https://openalex.org/W1596651771","https://openalex.org/W1972248659","https://openalex.org/W2006520920","https://openalex.org/W2007166170","https://openalex.org/W2007259124","https://openalex.org/W2011721896","https://openalex.org/W2017837013","https://openalex.org/W2058008088","https://openalex.org/W2059029870","https://openalex.org/W2066950425","https://openalex.org/W2075336203","https://openalex.org/W2076795475","https://openalex.org/W2077340988","https://openalex.org/W2083308028","https://openalex.org/W2121752747","https://openalex.org/W2124049834","https://openalex.org/W2127000773","https://openalex.org/W2133083180","https://openalex.org/W2137031487","https://openalex.org/W2150580621","https://openalex.org/W2157228516","https://openalex.org/W2161709634","https://openalex.org/W2287546353","https://openalex.org/W2476613572","https://openalex.org/W2494272575","https://openalex.org/W2742970214","https://openalex.org/W2745179764","https://openalex.org/W2796976177","https://openalex.org/W2886514531","https://openalex.org/W3145210495","https://openalex.org/W4241686659","https://openalex.org/W4388314948","https://openalex.org/W6696092930"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3089353361","https://openalex.org/W81164209","https://openalex.org/W638142098","https://openalex.org/W2991945580","https://openalex.org/W1592030807","https://openalex.org/W2080876387","https://openalex.org/W2098136777","https://openalex.org/W846443833","https://openalex.org/W2050347474","https://openalex.org/W2400510421"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,99],"research":[1],"is":[2,65,73,103,113],"motivated":[3],"by":[4,105],"the":[5,22,44,67,82,95,107,118],"need":[6],"for":[7,14,130,134],"3D":[8,15,32,48,61,87,136],"GIS":[9],"data":[10,63,69,76,129],"models":[11],"that":[12,78],"allow":[13],"spatial":[16,33,137],"query,":[17],"analysis":[18],"and":[19,24,54,80,115,139],"visualization":[20],"of":[21,28,42,109],"subunits":[23],"internal":[25,56],"network":[26,92,101],"structure":[27,34,93,97,102],"\u2018micro\u2010spatial":[29],"environments\u2019":[30],"(the":[31],"within":[35],"buildings).":[36],"It":[37,72,112],"explores":[38],"a":[39,74,90],"new":[40],"way":[41],"representing":[43],"topological":[45,62,84],"relationships":[46,85],"among":[47,86],"geographical":[49],"features":[50,88],"such":[51],"as":[52],"buildings":[53],"their":[55],"partitions":[57],"or":[58],"subunits.":[59],"The":[60,123],"model":[64,70,77,124],"called":[66,94],"combinatorial":[68],"(CDM).":[71],"logical":[75,100],"simplifies":[79],"abstracts":[81],"complex":[83],"through":[89],"hierarchical":[91],"node\u2010relation":[96],"(NRS).":[98],"abstracted":[104],"using":[106,120],"property":[108],"Poincar\u00e9":[110],"duality.":[111],"modelled":[114],"presented":[116],"in":[117],"paper":[119],"graph\u2010theoretic":[121],"formalisms.":[122],"was":[125],"implemented":[126],"with":[127],"real":[128],"evaluating":[131],"its":[132],"effectiveness":[133],"performing":[135],"queries":[138],"visualization.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}