{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2068773031","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10798587.2000.10642832","title":"Hybrid Classification for Face Recognition with Virtual Samples and Ensemble Neural Networks","display_name":"Hybrid Classification for Face Recognition with Virtual Samples and Ensemble Neural Networks","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2068773031","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10798587.2000.10642832","mag":"2068773031"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/10798587.2000.10642832","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10798587.2000.10642832","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S40639465","display_name":"Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing","issn_l":"1079-8587","issn":["1079-8587","2326-005X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Intelligent Automation &amp; Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111677805","display_name":"Yeon-Sik Ryu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yeon-SiK Ryu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103344838","display_name":"Se\u2010Young Oh","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Se-Young Oh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111677805"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12534588,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"4","first_page":"303","last_page":"313"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.9218809604644775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6021459102630615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.5485379099845886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5483721494674683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.528485894203186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.46128031611442566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.39248576760292053}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.9218809604644775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6021459102630615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.5485379099845886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5483721494674683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.528485894203186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.46128031611442566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.39248576760292053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/10798587.2000.10642832","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10798587.2000.10642832","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S40639465","display_name":"Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing","issn_l":"1079-8587","issn":["1079-8587","2326-005X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Intelligent Automation &amp; Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oasis.postech.ac.kr:2014.oak/18802","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://oasis.postech.ac.kr/handle/2014.oak/18802","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401965","display_name":"Open Access System for Information Sharing (Pohang University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","host_organization_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321282","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1941909634","https://openalex.org/W1973941077","https://openalex.org/W1992408997","https://openalex.org/W2020285660","https://openalex.org/W2040179990","https://openalex.org/W2098874108","https://openalex.org/W2100281586","https://openalex.org/W2109142308","https://openalex.org/W2111406701","https://openalex.org/W2113341759","https://openalex.org/W2116374865","https://openalex.org/W2132549764","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2144143728","https://openalex.org/W2145911606"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W2391251536","https://openalex.org/W4286629047","https://openalex.org/W2465918047","https://openalex.org/W2362198218","https://openalex.org/W2019521278","https://openalex.org/W2347824352","https://openalex.org/W2098693229","https://openalex.org/W2112875849","https://openalex.org/W2384651879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,19,41,47,68,75,89,135,189,216],"novel":[4],"hybrid":[5],"classifier":[6,48,76,180],"with":[7],"artificially":[8],"generated":[9,139],"virtual":[10,136],"training":[11,70,137,149],"samples":[12],"for":[13],"face":[14],"recognition.":[15],"Our":[16],"approach":[17,35],"obtains":[18],"synergy":[20],"effect":[21],"by":[22],"combining":[23],"the":[24,32,50,61,65,79,96,102,143,152,155,162,167,175,208],"results":[25,153],"of":[26,81,85,116,122,146,154,186,192,195,205,207],"two":[27,156],"heterogeneous":[28],"classifiers,":[29],"and":[30,40,166,198,214],"utilizes":[31],"nearest":[33,51,209],"neighbor":[34],"in":[36],"feature":[37,52,105,210],"angle":[38,53],"space":[39],"connectionist":[42],"model.":[43],"The":[44,72,178],"first":[45],"is":[46,74,124,171,203],"called":[49],"(NFA)":[54],"based":[55,77],"on":[56,78],"angular":[57],"information,":[58],"which":[59,123],"finds":[60,95],"most":[62,97],"similar":[63,98],"to":[64,127,142,160,173],"query":[66],"from":[67],"given":[69],"set.":[71,106],"second":[73],"recall":[80,91],"stored":[82,103],"frontal":[83,90,99,104],"projection":[84],"input":[86],"features":[87],"using":[88],"network":[92,114],"(FRN)":[93],"that":[94,206],"one":[100],"among":[101],"For":[107],"FRN,":[108],"we":[109],"used":[110,134,172],"an":[111,182],"ensemble":[112],"neural":[113],"consisting":[115],"multiple":[117],"MultiLayer":[118],"Perceptrons":[119],"(MLPs),":[120],"each":[121,147],"trained":[125],"independently":[126],"enhance":[128],"generalization":[129],"capability.":[130],"Further,":[131],"both":[132],"classifiers":[133,157],"set":[138],"adaptively":[140],"according":[141],"spatial":[144],"distribution":[145],"person&amp;apos;s":[148],"samples.":[150],"Finally,":[151],"are":[158],"combined":[159],"comprise":[161],"best":[163],"matching":[164],"class,":[165],"corresponding":[168],"similarity":[169],"measure":[170],"make":[174],"final":[176],"decision.":[177],"proposed":[179],"achieved":[181],"average":[183,200],"classification":[184,219],"rate":[185,202],"96.33%":[187],"against":[188],"large":[190],"group":[191],"different":[193],"sets":[194],"test":[196],"images,":[197],"its":[199],"error":[201],"61.2%":[204],"line":[211],"(NFL)":[212],"method,":[213],"achieves":[215],"more":[217],"robust":[218],"performance.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
